10-K405 1 body10k.htm BODY FY2001 10K DOC


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549




FORM 10-K



(MARK ONE)

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2001

OR

[   ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ___________ TO _____________

Commission File Number: 0-27066

PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 
Delaware
94-3148201
  (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

995 E. Arques Avenue
Sunnyvale, California    94085-4521

(Address of Principal Executive Offices including Zip Code)

(408) 774-0330
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.0001 Par Value

      Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes     No

      Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K, or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

      The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the Registrant as of August 31, 2001, was approximately $194,967,000 based on the closing price of the Common Stock of the Registrant as reported on the NASDAQ National Market on such date. The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant's Common Stock as of August 31, 2001 was 16,123,287.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

      Portions of the following document are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K: the Proxy Statement for the Registrant's 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held on October 31, 2001.



PHARMACYCLICS, INC.

2001 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

INDEX

Part I.

 

Page

   Item 1.

Business

2

   Item 2.

Properties

29

   Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

29

   Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

29

Part II.

 

 

   Item 5.

Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

30

   Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

31

   Item 7.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

32

    Item 7a.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

35

   Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

36

   Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

56

Part III.

 

 

   Item 10.

Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

57

   Item 11.

Executive Compensation

57

   Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

57

   Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

57

Part IV.

 

 

   Item 14.

Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K

58

Signatures

  

63

Exhibits Index

  

64







 

PHARMACYCLICS®, the Pentadentate Logo® , XCYTRIN®, ANTRIN® and LUTRIN® are registered U.S. trademarks; OPTRIN™ is a trademark of Pharmacyclics, Inc. Other trademarks, trade names or service marks used herein are the property of their respective owners.




Part I

Item 1.   Business

We are a pharmaceutical company developing products to improve upon current therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer, atherosclerosis and retinal disease. We use our expertise in the chemistry of porphyrin-like biomolecules to develop patented compounds called texaphyrins. Texaphyrins are a new class of molecules that are rationally designed to accumulate in diseased cells and disrupt energy metabolism. When injected into the bloodstream, these molecules selectively accumulate in tumor growths, in the diseased portions of major blood vessels and in small blood vessel growths in the retina. When the cells are exposed to various treatments, such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy or photodynamic therapy, texaphyrins become activated and are capable of destroying diseased tissue with minimal damage to surrounding healthy cells. Our lead texaphyrin-based product candidates are:

  • XCYTRIN®, a molecule to treat cancer by increasing tumor responsiveness to radiation and chemotherapy;
  • LUTRIN®, a molecule for use in photodynamic therapy of cancer;
  • ANTRIN®, a molecule to treat atherosclerosis via photoangioplasty; and
  • OPTRIN, a molecule to treat age-related macular degeneration, a disease of the retina caused by growth of small blood vessels, which can lead to blindness.

Our technology is based upon our expertise in developing biologically active engineered porphyrin molecules that disrupt cellular bioenergetics and are capable of being activated by energy. In nature, a class of molecules called porphyrins, including heme found in hemoglobin and chlorophyll found in plants, is found in tissues or organs responsible for energy production, metabolism or transport functions. Our texaphyrins, which are synthetic, expanded porphyrins, are designed to take advantage of two key characteristics of naturally occurring porphyrins: interaction with energy and selective accumulation in tissues with high energy demands. Texaphyrins target diseased cells and disrupt the flow of energy in the cell. These cells become more vulnerable or responsive to various treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy of cancer. Texaphyrins may be used for targeted destruction of diseased tissues.

Many diseased cells, including cancer, have metabolic derangements that distinguish them from normal cells. Texaphyrins target these metabolic disturbances and accumulate at the disease site, which generally occurs in minutes to a few hours. Following the selective accumulation of texaphyrins in diseased tissue, the appropriate treatment with radiation therapy, chemotherapy or photodynamic therapy can be given with an increase in the therapeutic activity.

 

Market Overview

Cancer

Cancer results from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells which invade and interfere with the normal function of adjacent tissues and organs. Frequently, cancer cells become dislodged from their primary site and spread, or metastasize, to other places in the body. Approximately 1.2 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States. The appropriate cancer therapy for each patient depends on the cancer type and careful assessment of the size, location and existence of spread of the tumor using diagnostic imaging procedures. Therapy typically includes some combination of surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy and radiation therapy tend to indiscriminately destroy both healthy and diseased cells and cause serious side effects. As a result, substantial cancer research has been directed toward improving the effectiveness of existing therapy while reducing toxicity. These approaches seek to identify drugs which are capable of targeting the tumor and making the cancer cells more sensitive and responsive to radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The following is a description of the market for therapies used in the treatment of cancer:

  • Radiation Therapy. Approximately 3,000 physicians specializing in radiation oncology administer radiation therapy to more than 700,000 patients annually in the United States. The radiation is usually applied to the tumor site several times per week over a period of two to six weeks. Radiation therapy often has toxic effects on healthy tissue surrounding the tumor because the radiation cannot be adequately targeted. An estimated 50% of newly diagnosed cancer patients, including those with cancers of the lung, breast, prostate, or head and neck region, will receive radiation therapy as part of their initial treatment. In addition, approximately 150,000 patients with persistent or recurrent cancer also will receive radiation therapy. Depending on the complexity and duration of treatment, a course of radiation therapy for cancer can cost between $10,000 and $25,000.
  • Chemotherapy. More than 350,000 patients each year in the United States receive chemotherapy for treatment of many types of cancer. The serious or life-threatening side effects of chemotherapy agents, many of which are due to the drug's lack of selectivity, limit the effectiveness of this treatment. Chemotherapy drugs tend to distribute themselves throughout the body in normal tissues as well as in the tumor. Because of their toxicity to normal tissues, chemotherapy drugs can be administered only in small dosages and accordingly, the therapeutic benefits may be limited.
  • Photodynamic Therapy. Photodynamic therapy is a new cancer treatment based on the use of light energy to activate certain types of drugs known as photosensitizers. In this procedure, the photosensitizer, ideally one which accumulates more readily in tumor cells, is injected into the patient. The tumor site is then illuminated with visible light of a strength and wavelength that is absorbed by the photosensitizer. Once so activated, the photosensitizer causes tumor cell death. The FDA approved the first photosensitizing agent in early 1996 for the treatment of obstructing cancers of the esophagus and more recently for the treatment of particular types of lung cancer. To date, use of such drugs has been restricted to treatment of superficial or small lesions because these photosensitizers have been unable to absorb light of a wavelength capable of penetrating deeply into tissues. Other limitations of photosensitizers have included unfavorable distribution, prolonged retention in the body, skin toxicity and insolubility in water, complicating intravenous administration.

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is a disease in which cholesterol, other fatty materials and inflammatory cells are deposited in the walls of blood vessels, forming a build-up known as plaque. The accumulation of plaque narrows the interior of the blood vessels, reducing blood flow. Atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries can lead to heart attack and death. In other blood vessels, atherosclerosis can lead to decreased mobility, loss of function, loss of limbs and other complications such as stroke. Current treatments for atherosclerosis include surgery and other techniques aimed at removing or relieving the plaque. Balloon angioplasty is a procedure using catheter devices inserted inside the vessels to mechanically compress or remove the obstruction. Currently, more than 600,000 patients per year in the United States undergo these procedures for treatment of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. These procedures require the use of anti-clotting drugs and, frequently, the use of devices inserted inside the vessels to reduce the incidence of reclosure, which results from traumatic damage to the vessel wall. Generally, these techniques have been limited to treating only short sections of the diseased vessel.

Blindness Caused by Retinal Degeneration

Age-related degeneration of the retina is the major cause of severe visual loss in the elderly. There are approximately 1.1 million people with age-related macular degeneration in the United States, with approximately 200,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Patients with this disease develop blurred vision and distortion, decreased vision and blind spots in the center of the visual field. This disease is caused by the abnormal growth and proliferation of small blood vessels in the retina. Although laser treatment can slow progression of the disease in some patients, it generally fails to prevent progression of the disease, which ultimately leads to blindness. The FDA approved the first photosensitizing agent for the treatment of this disease in April 2000.

 

Our Business Strategy

The key elements of our business strategy include:

  • Focusing on drugs that address the large markets for the treatment of cancer and atherosclerosis. Although our technology platform can be used to develop a wide range of pharmaceutical agents, we have focused our initial efforts on cancer and atherosclerosis, and particularly on the treatment of life-threatening cancers in which accelerated regulatory approval and favorable pricing may be possible.
  • Improving upon existing medical procedures. Our products are designed to be used in conjunction with and to enhance the safety and effectiveness of, standard medical treatments. We believe this increases their likelihood of being rapidly adopted by physicians.
  • Creating diverse product opportunities based on our texaphyrin technology. Our texaphyrin-based technology platform can be used to target many different types of disease. Our research and development efforts are focused on developing new uses for texaphyrins.
  • Retaining rights to key products in advanced clinical testing. We have retained worldwide rights to our key product candidates such as XCYTRIN for cancer treatment, to our LUTRIN photosensitizer for cancer treatment and to ANTRIN for photoangioplasty of atherosclerosis. By maintaining product rights through late-stage clinical development, we believe that we can create greater value for our products and retain the opportunity to sell and market our products, particularly in oncology.



Status of Products Under Development

The table below summarizes our product candidates and their stage of development:

Product

Targeted Disease

Regulatory Status(1)

Marketing Rights

CANCER THERAPY

XCYTRIN
Radiation Enhancer

Brain metastases

Phase III

Pharmacyclics

 

Primary brain tumor

Phase II

Pharmacyclics

 

Pancreatic cancer

Phase I, National Cancer Institute

Pharmacyclics

 

Childhood gliomas

Phase I, National Cancer Institute

Pharmacyclics

 

Lung cancer

Phase I, National Cancer Institute

Pharmacyclics

XCYTRIN
Chemotherapy
Enhancer

A variety of cancers

Preclinical

Pharmacyclics

LUTRIN
Photosensitizer

Breast cancer

Phase IIb

Pharmacyclics

 

Prostate cancer

Phase I, National Cancer Institute

Pharmacyclics

 

Cervical cancer

Phase I, National Cancer Institute

Pharmacyclics

ATHEROSCLEROSIS THERAPY

ANTRIN
Photosensitizer

Peripheral
artery disease

Phase II

Pharmacyclics

 

Coronary artery disease

Phase I

Pharmacyclics

RETINAL DEGENERATION THERAPY

OPTRIN
Photosensitizer

Degenerative disease
of the retina

Phase II

Alcon

(1) As used above, "Preclinical" means testing on animal models for indications of safety and efficacy prior to the initiation of human clinical trials. "Phase I" means initial human clinical trials designed to establish the safety, dose tolerance and sometimes distribution of a compound. "Phase II/IIb" means human clinical trials designed to establish safety, optimal dosage and preliminary activity of a compound. "Phase III" means human clinical trials designed to lead to accumulation of data sufficient to support a new drug application, including substantial evidence of safety and efficacy.


Cancer Therapy

XCYTRIN for use in combination with Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy of cancer destroys cancer cells through exposure to relatively high doses of externally applied radiation. While cancer cells are somewhat more sensitive to radiation exposure than healthy tissues, radiation therapy has toxic effects on healthy tissue surrounding the tumor because the radiation cannot be adequately targeted. Our preclinical studies indicate that XCYTRIN both accumulates in tumors and increases the responsiveness of cancers to radiation therapy. Cancer cells have derangements in their metabolism and bioenergetics, which distinguishes tumors from normal tissues. XCYTRIN's uptake in tumor cells occurs within minutes of administration and persists for hours, effectively concentrating the drug's effect on the tumor. XCYTRIN has a novel mechanism of action, which is based on its strong affinity for the flow of electrons inside cells. By capturing electrons, XCYTRIN disrupts cellular energy production through a process called Redox Modulation. XCYTRIN weakens the tumor cells, which may render them more vulnerable to attack by radiation therapy or chemotherapy. In preclinical studies, animals receiving XCYTRIN in conjunction with radiation therapy had greater tumor response rates as compared to the control group receiving equivalent doses of radiation therapy alone. Preclinical studies further indicate that XCYTRIN increases the effect of radiation therapy at the tumor site, with no increased damage to surrounding healthy tissues. An additional feature of XCYTRIN is that it is detectable by magnetic resonance imaging scanning (MRI), providing a method of monitoring its distribution in patients.

Initially, we intend to seek FDA approval of XCYTRIN for treatment of patients with tumors which have spread to the brain who are receiving radiation therapy. This condition occurs in approximately 15% to 20% of all cancer patients, often in patients with primary lung or breast cancer, and is usually treated with radiation therapy delivered to the whole brain. The median survival of patients with tumors which have spread to the brain is about four months. Patients with this condition develop devastating complications, including severe headache, seizures, paralysis, blindness and impaired ability to think. Radiation therapy for treatment of this problem is performed on approximately 170,000 patients per year in the United States and is intended to prevent or reduce these complications. We believe that XCYTRIN could eventually be used in many other tumor types and clinical situations requiring radiation therapy.

Clinical Status. We have completed a Phase I clinical trial of XCYTRIN in 38 adult patients with advanced cancer who received radiation therapy. This trial was designed to determine the toxicity of a single dose of the drug. Reversible kidney toxicity was found at the highest doses of drug tested. Accumulation of XCYTRIN in lung cancer, breast cancer and other tumors has been confirmed using magnetic resonance imaging. The results of this study were published in Clinical Cancer Research in 1999.

We have also completed an international multicenter Phase Ib/II clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of XCYTRIN in cancer patients receiving radiation therapy for treatment of tumors which had spread to the brain. Ten once-daily treatments were well tolerated. The maximally tolerated dose was 6.3 mg/kg. Dose limiting toxicity was found to be reversible elevation of liver function tests. The most common side effects were transient skin discoloration. Other adverse events occurring in at least ten percent of patients included nausea, vomiting, rash, headache and weakness. XCYTRIN's tumor selectivity was established by MRI. The radiologic response rate was 72% in the phase II portion of the study. These results were published in 2001 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. We have compared the results from the Phase Ib/II trial to historical data using a 528 patient database containing information on clinical features and outcomes in comparable patients receiving treatment with identical doses of radiation alone. After 6 months and 12 months, 41% and 25% of XCYTRIN-treated patients were alive compared to 32% and 13% of the historical controls, respectively. XCYTRIN treatment was a statistically significant independent factor in determining survival. The effect of XCYTRIN treatment on neurologic progression was determined by comparing the causes of death in the treated patients to those of the control patients. Death due to tumor progression in the brain was seen in 12% of XCYTRIN-treated patients compared to more than 35% in the control group.

Statisticians from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group, a large independent U.S. cooperative clinical trial group, performed a similar analysis using its database. Using a case-matched control analysis, they found that XCYTRIN-treated patients had a median survival of 5.9 months compared to a 3.8 month median survival for control patients.

We are conducting a randomized, controlled Phase III trial with XCYTRIN for the treatment of patients with tumors that have spread to the brain who are undergoing whole brain radiation therapy. Over 60 clinical sites are participating in this study in the U.S., Canada and Europe.

The median survival of patients with tumors that have spread to the brain is approximately 3 to 4 months and depends on various clinical features such as tumor type, performance status, age and presence of disease outside the brain. Although most patients die from disease progression in the brain, many patients will die due to progression of their disease in other locations in the body. The trial's patient eligibility requirements are designed to enroll those patients most likely to succumb to tumor growth in the brain. Improved local control of tumor growth from radiation therapy in XCYTRIN-treated patients could result in prolonged survival or time-to-progression compared to radiation therapy alone.

At the November 2000 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO), we reported results from the lead-in phase of our Phase III XCYTRIN trial. Twenty-five patients with brain metastases were evaluated in the open-label lead-in phase of the trial, which was performed to validate the design of the company's prospective randomized international multi-center trial. These patients received an injection of 5.0 mg/kg of XCYTRIN followed by standard whole brain radiation treatment once a day for 10 days. Investigators assessed the effects of this treatment on tumor control in the brain using several methods, including MRI scans to measure tumor response and a battery of tests to evaluate neurocognitive function. Local control of tumor growth was also evaluated by determining the rate of death due to brain tumor progression. MRI scans were available for evaluation in 19 patients. Tumor response, defined as at least a 50 percent reduction in tumor volume measured by MRI, was seen in 13 of these patients (68 percent) with a median reduction in tumor volume of 83 percent. Follow-up MRI scans showed tumor progression in three of the 19 evaluable patients (16 percent). All 25 patients were evaluated for neurocognitive progression and survival. Nineteen patients maintained or improved their neurocognitive function; six patients experienced deterioration of neurocognitive function. Only one patient died due to tumor progression in the brain. Median survival for all 25 patients was five months, with more than 30 percent of patients living beyond nine months. XCYTRIN treatment was well-tolerated with no serious drug-related toxicities observed. Three patients experienced nausea, two experienced weakness and two others had reversible liver enzyme abnormalities. The patients enrolled in the study had very advanced disease. On average, each patient had 12 brain tumors, each measuring an average of 1.7 cm in diameter. Due to the advanced status of their tumors, 19 patients were deemed ineligible for radiosurgery, an intensive localized treatment reserved for patients with limited (in size and number) brain metastases. The majority of patients in the lead-in phase of the trial had advanced lung or breast cancer that had spread to the brain. While we believe the results from the lead-in phase of this trial are encouraging and consistent with other trials we have conducted with XCYTRIN, they are not sufficient to establish that XCYTRIN is safe or effective in treating cancer.

In December 2000, an outside, independent Data Safety Monitoring Board which has been monitoring the study for safety, performed an interim analysis of the data following two-thirds of the expected events. The Data Safety Monitoring Board indicated that there were no serious safety issues and recommended that the trial complete enrollment of patients as planned without changes in protocol design. The FDA has indicated that the proposed Phase III trial will qualify for "Fast Track" review. See "-Government Regulation."

In March 2001 we completed enrollment in the Phase III trial. A total of 429 patients were enrolled in the trial. Following the lead-in phase, 401 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either standard whole-brain radiation therapy or treatment with XCYTRIN plus standard whole-brain radiation therapy. The XCYTRIN-treated group received ten intravenous injections of XCYTRIN, each prior to ten daily doses of radiation therapy. We will follow all patients for a minimum of 6 months after treatment or until death and expect to be able to announce a top-line analysis of the results by the end of the calendar year 2001. The study will measure survival, time-to-neurologic progression, tumor response by MRI and quality of life. The co-primary end-points of the study are survival and time-to-neurologic progression assessed by neurological examinations and neurocognitive testing. Statistically significant improvement in either survival or time-to-neurologic progression will be considered as satisfying the primary end point of the trial, and may provide the basis of a marketing approval.

In addition to our studies in patients with tumors that have spread to the brain, the National Cancer Institute has agreed to sponsor several clinical trials with XCYTRIN for additional cancer types:

Targeted Disease

Location

Status

Primary Brain Tumor

UCLA Medical Center

Enrolling patients

     

Primary Brain Tumor

Ohio State University

Enrolling patients

     

Primary Brain Tumor

NABTT (New Approaches to Brain Tumor Therapy Consortium, comprised of ten centers)

Pending

     

Pediatric Brain Tumors, including Childhood Glioma

Children's Oncology Group (COG),
formerly Children's Cancer Group (CCG),
a consortium of U.S. Children's Hospitals

Enrolling patients

     

Lung Cancer

Ohio State University

Enrolling patients

     

Pancreatic Cancer

University of Pittsburgh

Enrolling patients

     

Pancreatic Cancer

University of Wisconsin

Opening study

     

Pancreatic Cancer

Dartmouth University

Opening study

     

 

XCYTRIN for Use In Combination With Chemotherapy

We are conducting preclinical studies with XCYTRIN for use in combination with certain chemotherapy agents. Chemotherapy destroys cancer cells by interfering with their metabolism, protein synthesis or cell division. Because these agents are not tissue-selective, cancer chemotherapy agents produce serious or life-threatening side effects which compromise quality of life and increase medical costs for cancer patients. Preclinical studies conducted by us and our collaborators indicate that XCYTRIN increases the responsiveness of tumors to treatment with certain chemotherapy agents. We believe this effect is related to XCYTRIN's ability to disrupt cellular bioenergetics increasing the vulnerability of the cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy. XCYTRIN's uptake in tumors enhances the activity of cancer chemotherapy agents in tumor cells but not in normal tissues, thereby increasing the therapeutic margin, which is the difference between the therapeutic dose of a drug and the toxic dose of a drug. In preclinical studies, animals receiving XCYTRIN and chemotherapy with either bleomycin or doxorubicin had enhanced tumor responses and survival rates as compared to control groups receiving equivalent doses of chemotherapy alone.


LUTRIN for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

To date, photodynamic therapy has been approved only for the treatment of superficial or small lesions because existing photosensitizers have been unable to absorb light capable of penetrating deeply into tissues. LUTRIN is activated by light of 720 to 760 nanometers, wavelengths that are optimal for penetrating through tissue, blood and skin pigmentation such as melanin. After absorbing light of this wavelength, LUTRIN becomes activated to its tumor cell killing state. Preclinical studies indicate that LUTRIN selectively accumulates in a variety of cancer cells.

We are initially studying LUTRIN for photodynamic therapy of patients with invasive surface cancers that are accessible to externally applied light, such as recurrent breast cancer to the chest wall. The National Cancer Institute is evaluating LUTRIN for treatment of cancer of the prostate and cervix. Additional potential uses for LUTRIN include internal cancers such as cancer of the lung, esophagus, colon, rectum, head and neck region, ovary and genitourinary tract.

Clinical Status. At the May 1999 meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, we reported results from our Phase II study of LUTRIN. The Phase II study was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of LUTRIN photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy in women with recurrent breast cancer to the chest wall, for whom previous chemotherapy and radiation therapy had failed. Fifty-eight treatment courses were given to 52 patients with advanced disease. Eighty-two percent of these patients had failed three or more chemotherapy regimens and all the patients had recurring or persistent tumors following radiation therapy to the chest wall. The study evaluated the administration of different doses of LUTRIN, followed by illumination of the chest wall with light delivered at either 3 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours or 96 hours after intravenous injection of the drug. Each patient, in the 11 groups tested, received illumination with light to large areas of the chest wall (up to 240 cm2) encompassing both the tumor and adjacent uninvolved skin. The purpose of the study was to identify treatment regimens that demonstrated anti-tumor activity with an acceptable level of toxicity.

Tumor response was based on physical examinations and photographs of the diseased chest wall. All lesions within the treatment field were evaluated and an overall assessment of efficacy was made for each patient. Reduction in tumor size was seen in 64% of patients. In 42% of patients tumors were either not detectable (20%) or had significant decreases which were evident on physical examination or photographs (22%).

Safety and tolerability appeared to be dependent on both drug dose and the time interval between LUTRIN administration and illumination of the chest wall with light. Patients receiving chest wall illumination 24 hours or more following intravenous administration of LUTRIN experienced pain at the treatment site that was manageable with standard narcotic pain medications. Patients treated with light given at shorter intervals experienced more severe pain, sometimes requiring conscious sedation. Skin toxicity, including scab formation or destruction of skin, was seen in the skin overlying the tumors in patients treated with light at time intervals of less than 24 hours. Only 2 of 18 patients receiving light illumination 24 hours or more after receiving LUTRIN experienced this toxicity. Skin toxicity was limited to the tumor-involved areas of skin except in patients receiving the highest doses of LUTRIN followed by photoillumination given at the shortest intervals.

We are conducting a Phase IIb clinical trial for LUTRIN as a photosensitizer for use in the photodynamic therapy of patients with recurrent breast cancers to the chest wall that have failed standard therapies. In addition to our clinical studies in recurrent breast cancer to the chest wall, the National Cancer Institute intends to sponsor several clinical trials of LUTRIN for additional types of cancers. A Phase I trial for prostate cancer is being conducted at the University of Pennsylvania and a Phase I trial for cervical cancer is being conducted at The University of Pittsburgh. Other potential trials that may be sponsored by the National Cancer Institute are for cancer of the esophagus, head and neck region, pancreas, lung and ovary.

 

 

Atherosclerosis Therapy

ANTRIN for Photoangioplasty of Atherosclerosis.

Preclinical studies conducted by Pharmacyclics and our collaborators have demonstrated that texaphyrins also accumulate in vascular plaque caused by atherosclerosis. Preclinical studies indicated that following intravenous injection of ANTRIN, light delivered into the blood vessel using an optical fiber resulted in non-mechanical reduction or elimination of the plaque without damage to the lining of the vessel wall using a technique which we refer to as photoangioplasty. Photoangioplasty with ANTRIN resulted in the elimination of inflammatory cells from the diseased vessel wall. Current treatments of atherosclerosis, such as balloon angioplasty, require anti-clotting drugs and the use of devices inserted inside the vessels to reduce the incidence of reclosure. We believe that these results suggest that photoangioplasty of atherosclerosis with ANTRIN has the potential to eliminate or reduce plaque without complications such as thrombosis and reclosure. Additional preclinical studies further indicated that photoangioplasty of atherosclerosis with ANTRIN could be used to treat longer segments of blood vessels, which is not possible with other currently available techniques. ANTRIN's accumulation in plaque and relatively rapid clearance from blood may provide advantages over alternative treatments for atherosclerosis. Removal of inflammatory cells also suggests that ANTRIN may reduce or stabilize vulnerable plaque. Vulnerable plaque is rich in inflammatory cells and prone to rupture causing a sudden blood clot and closure of the vessel.

Clinical Status. In April 1999, we completed enrollment in our Phase I study with ANTRIN photoangioplasty for patients with peripheral arterial disease. Fifty-one patients received an injection of ANTRIN and 47 qualified to receive photoangioplasty of the lower extremities. The two-part study was designed to first establish an optimum dose of ANTRIN by treating successive groups of patients with increasing single doses of the drug. In the second part of the study, we evaluated three doses of light at several drug dose levels. We gave ANTRIN intravenously and delivered light to the inside of the diseased vessel using a 0.89mm optical fiber. We evaluated patients for toxicity and local arterial responses by follow-up angiograms and intravascular ultrasound performed the day of and 28 days after photoangioplasty. Clinical activity was evaluated using several well-established techniques. The ankle-brachial index and the Rutherford-Becker standardized classification of clinical outcomes were measured. The ankle-brachial index is a measurement of the impact of the obstruction on blood pressure in the affected limb. The Rutherford-Becker classification scores, which are based on standards for evaluating and reporting the results of surgical or percutaneous therapy for peripheral arterial disease, measure the change in clinical symptoms due to the treatment intervention.

In August 1999, we reported results of this trial at the European Society of Cardiology meeting in Barcelona, Spain. The study indicated that Antrin photoangioplasty was well tolerated. There was no evidence of dose-limiting systemic or vascular toxicities in the drug and light dose ranges tested. No skin phototoxicity was reported. No treatment-related clinical laboratory abnormalities were noted. There was no evidence of thrombus, emboli or vessel wall damage. Mild and self-limited paresthesias, or tingling, in the fingertips was observed in patients receiving higher doses of drug. Four patients reported mild and transient skin rash. Baseline and day-28 paired angiograms were available for 43 patients. Overall, these indicated improvement in minimal luminal diameter on day 28 compared to baseline. Of the 19 patients with minimal luminal diameter improvement, 14 had improvement of 10 to 112 percent (mean = 35.6 percent). Intravascular ultrasound data also indicated plaque regression in the arterial lumen. Forty-seven patients were evaluated using Rutherford-Becker classification and ankle-brachial index measurements. Sixty-two percent of these patients had improved Rutherford-Becker scores, and 57 percent had improved ankle-brachial index measurements at day 28.

We are conducting a randomized Phase II clinical trial with ANTRIN for patients with peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities. The study is designed to evaluate both prevention of restenosis following balloon angioplasty and primary treatment of atherosclerosis.

We also are conducting a Phase I clinical trial with ANTRIN for the treatment of coronary artery disease in patients receiving balloon angioplasty and stents. This study is primarily designed to evaluate the safety of various doses of drug and light. Patients are receiving follow-up angiograms six months after treatment to evaluate effects of the treatment on the blood vessels. In September 2001, we reported interim results of this trial at the European Society of Cardiology and the Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics meetings, which indicate that ANTRIN photoangioplasty is safe and feasible to perform in the coronary arteries.

 

Retinal Degeneration Therapy

OPTRIN for Treatment of Retinal Degeneration.

Pharmacyclics and our collaborators have conducted preclinical studies with OPTRIN for treatment of degeneration of the retina caused by abnormal growth of blood vessels. These studies have indicated that OPTRIN selectively eliminates abnormal retinal capillaries after activation by light of an appropriate wavelength. We have entered into a development agreement with Alcon, a leading ophthalmic products company. Under this agreement, we will provide OPTRIN to Alcon for further preclinical and clinical development, regulatory submissions and sales and marketing of OPTRIN for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases.

Clinical Status. Alcon has conducted a Phase I/II clinical trial with OPTRIN for the photodynamic therapy of patients with retinal degeneration. Alcon presented interim results from this trial at the June 1999 European Society of Ophthalmology meeting in Stockholm, Sweden.

Alcon treated 58 patients with the wet form of macular degeneration in the Phase I/II study, which was designed to evaluate various treatment regimens in successive groups of patients. Clinical investigators examined increasing doses of drug and light, and varying time intervals between drug administration and light delivery in order to define the optimum treatment parameters. Although primarily a safety study to establish the highest tolerated dose, clinical investigators assessed clinical activity by angiography and measurements of vision. Patients received a single intravenous injection of OPTRIN, followed by light delivered to the retina at various times up to 180 minutes after injection of the drug. In a subset of patients, clinical investigators performed angiography to evaluate distribution and drug uptake in the diseased vessels and clearance from normal retinal tissues.

Clinical investigators found that OPTRIN accumulated selectively in the abnormal vessels. Patients receiving higher doses of OPTRIN experienced self-limited tingling of the fingertips. For example, in patients receiving less than or equal to 2 mg/kg of drug, 1 of 19 experienced tingling of the fingertips, while in the combined group of patients treated with 2.5 or 3 mg/kg, 3 of 13 experienced tingling of the fingertips. In patients treated with 4 mg/kg, 20 of 26 experienced tingling of the fingertips. One patient developed facial skin toxicity following sun exposure. Clinical investigators observed no other toxicities. In 5 patients, clinical investigators observed damage to normal retina. These patients either received the highest dose of drug (4mg/kg) or received light within a short interval following drug administration. Clinical investigators observed no retinal damage in patients who had received high (125 or 150 Joules/ cm2) doses of light.

Alcon is currently conducting a Phase II trial in macular degeneration. Interim results from this trial were reported at the May 2000 annual meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). In this dose-ranging study, 54 patients with the wet form of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) were treated with various doses of drug and light. Patients received a single intravenous injection of OPTRIN, followed by light delivered to the retina. Fluorescence imaging was performed to evaluate pharmacokinetics and drug uptake in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and clearance from normal retinal tissues.

Photodynamic therapy with OPTRIN was generally well tolerated at drug doses of 2.0 mg/kg and light doses of 50, 65 or 95 Joules/ cm2. Some patients experienced mild and self-limited paresthesias (tingling in the fingertips), eye discomfort and transient retinal damage (i.e., serous detachment). There were no cases of skin phototoxicity or retinal vessel closure.

 

 

Other Products

CITRA VU™ for Imaging the Gastrointestinal Tract.

Our oral magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, CITRA VU, is not a texaphyrin, but is based on one of our patented compounds. CITRA VU is under development for use in imaging the gastrointestinal tract in patients undergoing MRI procedures of the abdomen or the pelvis. CITRA VU is an orange-flavored oral formulation designed to fill the bowel uniformly to improve diagnosis of abdominal or pelvic diseases.

We have granted E-Z-EM, Inc. exclusive rights to sell CITRA VU in North America and granted E-Z-EM's affiliate, E-Z-EM, Ltd., exclusive rights to sell CITRA VU in Europe. We do not expect significant revenue from this product should E-Z-EM, or its affiliate, market it in the future.

 

Research, Clinical Development and Marketing Collaborations

We rely on relationships with third parties to expand certain research, clinical development, process development, manufacturing, sales and marketing functions. In the photodynamic therapy field, we have used outside collaborations for development of light sources and delivery devices for use in our preclinical studies and clinical trials so that we could focus on development of our proprietary photosensitizing products.

National Cancer Institute Collaboration. In April 1997, the Decision Network Committee of the National Cancer Institute Division of Cancer Treatment, Diagnosis and Centers voted unanimously to sponsor and fund clinical development of both XCYTRIN as a radiation enhancer and LUTRIN as a photosensitizer for cancer treatment. Under this cooperative research and development agreement, Pharmacyclics and the National Cancer Institute jointly select clinical trials which will be conducted at leading medical centers for various types of cancer. For XCYTRIN, the National Cancer Institute is conducting several separate clinical trials for treatment of brain tumors and cancers involving the lung and pancreas. For LUTRIN, the National Cancer Institute is conducting clinical trials for cancer of the prostate and cervix. We believe that these National Cancer Institute-sponsored trials will supplement our own clinical development efforts for both XCYTRIN and LUTRIN. Although third parties will be conducting the trials, we will provide clinical supplies of our drugs and we intend to monitor the progression and results of these trials.

The University of Texas Agreements. We collaborate with and sponsor research and development programs at The University of Texas at Austin, through a group headed by Jonathan Sessler, Ph.D., Professor of Chemistry at The University of Texas at Austin. Such collaborations and programs extend our research capabilities in the field of expanded porphyrin chemistry. We have entered into two license agreements with The University of Texas at Austin that grant us the worldwide, exclusive right to patents or patent applications that relate to or result from research conducted at The University of Texas at Austin on the use, development and syntheses of expanded porphyrin molecules, and research conducted at The University of Texas at Dallas on the incorporation of paramagnetic metals into zeolites for use as MRI contrast agents. These agreements require us to pay royalties as a percentage of net sales to The University of Texas for products incorporating the licensed technology, including each of our current product candidates. In addition, we and The University of Texas at Austin have entered into sponsored research agreements which expand the products, inventions and discoveries developed by The University of Texas at Austin to which our license rights apply. In connection with The University of Texas license agreements, we also entered into a license agreement with an individual co-inventor of CITRA VU, pursuant to which we have been granted an exclusive royalty-bearing license to manufacture, use and sell certain products that fall within the scope of The University of Texas at Dallas license agreement.

Alcon Collaboration. In December 1997, we entered into an evaluation and license agreement with Alcon Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. under which Alcon acquired worldwide marketing rights to OPTRIN for ophthalmology uses. Alcon, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nestlé S.A., is a global leader in the research, development, manufacturing and marketing of ophthalmic products. Under the terms of the agreement, we received an upfront fee for Alcon to evaluate OPTRIN for ophthalmology uses for a specified time period. Alcon completed the evaluation and paid us a milestone payment in fiscal 2000. We may also receive additional payments upon completion of certain milestones and royalty payments on product sales. Alcon will conduct and bear all costs for world-wide development and commercialization of OPTRIN for ophthalmology uses, as well as costs for regulatory submissions, until the agreement ends. We are required to supply bulk drug substance to Alcon, and Alcon will be responsible for formulation and packaging.

Nycomed Collaboration. In October 1997, we entered into an agreement with Nycomed, granting Nycomed exclusive sales and marketing rights to LUTRIN for different types of cancer in all markets excluding the United States, Canada and Japan. In exchange for these rights, Nycomed agreed to pay us up to approximately $14.0 million in license fees and cost reimbursement, based upon an agreed budget, milestone payments and development cost subsidies related to the initial cancer uses for LUTRIN to be developed by us and Nycomed. In each case, we were to reach certain development, clinical or commercialization milestones to receive payment. Nycomed agreed to bear a portion of the device and clinical development costs required for regulatory submission for product approval in the United States. We were required to supply bulk drug substance to Nycomed through our manufacturing collaborations. Nycomed was required to produce finished product for our use. In May 2001 we and Nycomed terminated this agreement. Pursuant to the termination agreement, we reacquired all our rights from Nycomed to develop and market LUTRIN, and Nycomed agreed to make a non-recurring termination payment to Pharmacyclics of $2,750,000. The termination payment was recorded as revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001.

 

Patents and Proprietary Technology

We believe our success depends upon our ability to protect our proprietary technology. We, therefore, aggressively pursue, prosecute, protect and defend patent applications, issued patents, trade secrets, and licensed patent and trade secret rights covering certain aspects of our technology.

Our patents, patent applications, and licensed patent rights cover various compounds, pharmaceutical formulations and methods of use. We own or have license rights to:

  • 70 issued U.S. patents; and
  • 6 other pending U.S. patent applications.

The issued U.S. patents expire between 2009 and 2019. We also own or license 108 issued non-U.S. patents including 73 patents issued throughout Europe and 116 pending non-U.S. patent applications filed regionally under the Patent Cooperation Treaty and with the European Patent Office, and nationally in Canada, Japan, Australia and certain other countries.

We may be unsuccessful in prosecuting our patent applications or patents may not issue from our patent applications. Even if patents are issued and maintained, these patents may not be of adequate scope to benefit us, or may be held invalid and unenforceable against third parties.

We also rely upon trade secrets, technical know-how and continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our competitive position. We require all of our employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to execute appropriate confidentiality and assignment-of-inventions agreements. These agreements typically provide that all materials and confidential information developed or made known to the individual during the course of the individual's relationship with us is to be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties except in specific circumstances, and these agreements provide that all inventions arising out of the relationship with Pharmacyclics shall be our exclusive property.

 

Drug and Device Supply Agreements

We currently use third parties to manufacture various components of our products under development.

Texaphyrin-based Products. In September 1996, we entered into an agreement with Hoechst Celanese Corporation, a manufacturer of chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates, to optimize and scale up a manufacturing process for and supply of our texaphyrin-based products. In October 1997, Hoechst Celanese assigned the agreement to Celanese, Ltd. in connection with Hoechst Celanese's corporate restructuring. This agreement granted Celanese exclusive worldwide manufacturing rights and required Celanese to supply all of our texaphyrin-based products for late-stage clinical and commercial use. As a result of the change in its business focus, Celanese requested that we pursue alternative supply sources. On August 27, 1999, we entered into an agreement to terminate the manufacturing and supply agreement with Celanese. Pursuant to that agreement, Celanese assigned to us all right, title and interest in and to the manufacturing technology and intellectual property for our texaphyrin-based products and agreed to make a cash payment of $750,000 to us. The termination agreement also relieved us of all obligations to pay Celanese for shared development costs incurred prior to termination of the agreement.

During discussions with Celanese that resulted in the termination of the manufacturing and supply agreement, we decided to change our manufacturing strategy to divide the manufacturing process for our texaphyrin- based products into three components. We have entered into commercial supply agreements with three manufacturers who each manufacture a separate component. In fiscal 2001, we took delivery of commercial quantities of XCYTRIN drug substance. Because of the replacement of our previous manufacturers with these manufacturers, we must demonstrate to the FDA the substantial equivalence of the materials produced by these manufacturers to the materials used in our clinical trials to date, with the exception of our Phase II clinical trial for treatment of a malignant primary brain tumor.

We have entered into a development and supply agreement with Cook Pharmaceutical Solutions (acquired by Baxter Healthcare Corporation in August 2001) for the formulation, filling, packaging and labeling of clinical and commercial quantities of XCYTRIN. Cook also supplies us with clinical quantities of ANTRIN and LUTRIN.

Photodynamic Therapy Light Production and Delivery Devices. In connection with our development of LUTRIN and ANTRIN as photosensitizers, we have developed certain light sources and delivery methods, such as lasers and light emitting diodes. We have purchased light emitting diode devices capable of producing the required wavelength of light for use in photodynamic therapy with LUTRIN. We have also used light emitting diode devices in preclinical animal studies and Phase I and Phase II trials. In addition, we have acquired from CardioFocus, Inc. cylindrically diffusing light fibers for animal studies and for use in our LUTRIN and ANTRIN trials. In October 1997, we entered into a development agreement with Diomed, Inc. under which Diomed would develop a diode laser system for use in photodynamic therapy. This effort was successful and we have used Diomed lasers in our LUTRIN and ANTRIN clinical trials. In addition, we may seek other suppliers of light delivery devices for clinical trials and commercial purposes, although we cannot be certain that any agreements will be reached with such suppliers on terms commercially reasonable to us, if at all.

 

Competition

We face intense competition from pharmaceutical companies, universities, governmental entities and others in the development of therapeutic and diagnostic agents for the treatment of diseases which we target.

Although the FDA has not yet approved any agents for the enhancement of radiation therapy or chemotherapy, we expect significant competition in these fields, as we believe that one or more companies are developing and testing products which compete directly with our products under development. These companies may succeed in developing technologies and products that are more effective than ours or would render our products or technologies obsolete. Moreover, certain existing chemotherapy agents also are used as radiation enhancers. See "Risk Factors - We face rapid technological change and intense competition."

The FDA has approved Photofrin®, a photosensitizer developed by QLT Phototherapeutics, Inc., for the treatment of specific types of cancer. We are aware of several other photosensitizers in various stages of development for a number of uses. In addition to QLT Phototherapeutics, Inc., other companies are developing products in this area. Some companies developing photodynamic therapy products are developing specialized light delivery devices for their products, which, when combined with their product offering, may give them a competitive advantage over our strategy of obtaining such devices from third-party sources.

We also face intense competition in the treatment of atherosclerosis which currently includes the use of pharmaceutical agents and devices. Various drugs also have been shown to reduce or prevent atherosclerosis. Balloon angioplasty and stents are widely used and generally accepted techniques to reduce the narrowing of vessels by atherosclerosis. Treatment of in-stent stenosis with a brachytherapy (gamma radiation) system has been recently approved by the FDA. We believe that photoangioplasty with ANTRIN may provide advantages over these techniques.

We face substantial competition in the treatment of macular degeneration. Several other approaches to treatment are being investigated, including the use of other photosensitizers and drugs. QLT Phototherapeutics, Inc. and their marketing partner, Novartis Ophthalmics, are currently marketing their photosensitizer, VISUDYNE™.

 

Government Regulation

FDA Regulation and Product Approval

The FDA and comparable regulatory agencies in state and local jurisdictions and in foreign countries impose substantial requirements upon the clinical development, manufacture and marketing of pharmaceutical products. These agencies and other federal, state and local entities regulate research and development activities and the testing, manufacture, quality control, safety, effectiveness, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, advertising and promotion of our products. We believe that our products will be regulated as drugs or as a combination of drug and device, by the FDA rather than as biologics or solely devices.

The process required by the FDA before our products may be marketed in the U.S. generally involves the following:

  • preclinical laboratory and animal tests;
  • submission of an IND application which must become effective before clinical trials may begin;
  • adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed pharmaceutical in our intended use; and
  • FDA approval of a new drug application.

The testing and approval process requires substantial time, effort, and financial resources and we cannot be certain that any approval will be granted on a timely basis, if at all.

Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of the product, its chemistry, formulation and stability, as well as animal studies to assess the potential safety and efficacy of the product. We then submit the results of the preclinical tests, together with manufacturing information and analytical data, to the FDA as part of an IND, which must become effective before we may begin human clinical trials. The IND automatically becomes effective 30 days after receipt by the FDA, unless the FDA, within the 30-day time period, raises concerns or questions about the conduct of the trials as outlined in the IND. In such a case, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns before clinical trials can begin. Our submission of an IND may not result in FDA authorization to commence clinical trials. Further, an independent Institutional Review Board at the medical center proposing to conduct the clinical trials must review and approve any clinical study.

Human clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases which may overlap:

  • Phase I: The drug is initially introduced into healthy human subjects or patients and tested for safety, dosage tolerance, absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion.
  • Phase II: Involves studies in a limited patient population to identify possible adverse effects and safety risks, to determine the efficacy of the product for specific targeted diseases and to determine dosage tolerance and optimal dosage.
  • Phase III: When Phase II evaluations demonstrate that a dosage range of the product is effective and has an acceptable safety profile, Phase III trials are undertaken to further evaluate dosage, clinical efficacy and to further test for safety in an expanded patient population at geographically dispersed clinical study sites.

In the case of products for severe or life-threatening diseases such as cancer, the initial human testing is often conducted in patients rather than in healthy volunteers. Since these patients already have the target disease, these studies may provide initial evidence of efficacy traditionally obtained in Phase II trials and thus these trials are frequently referred to as Phase I/II trials. We cannot be certain that we will successfully complete Phase I, Phase II or Phase III testing of our product candidates within any specific time period, if at all. Furthermore, the FDA or the Institutional Review Board or the sponsor may suspend clinical trials at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk.

The results of product development, preclinical studies and clinical studies are submitted to the FDA as part of a new drug application for approval of the marketing and commercial shipment of the product. The FDA may deny a new drug application if the applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied or may require additional clinical data. Even if such data is submitted, the FDA may ultimately decide that the new drug application does not satisfy the criteria for approval. Once issued, the FDA may withdraw product approval if compliance with regulatory standards is not maintained or if problems occur after the product reaches the market. In addition, the FDA may require testing and surveillance programs to monitor the effect of approved products which have been commercialized, and the agency has the power to prevent or limit further marketing of a product based on the results of these post-marketing programs.

On November 21, 1997, President Clinton signed into law the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act. That act codified the FDA's policy of granting "Fast Track" approval for cancer therapies and other therapies intended to treat severe or life-threatening diseases. Previously, the FDA approved cancer therapies primarily based on patient survival rates and/or data on improved quality of life. The FDA considered evidence of partial tumor shrinkage, while often part of the data relied on for approval, insufficient by itself to warrant approval of a cancer therapy, except in limited situations. Under the FDA's new policy, which became effective on February 19, 1998, the FDA has broadened authority to consider evidence of partial tumor shrinkage or other clinical outcomes for approval. This new policy is intended to facilitate the study of cancer therapies and shorten the total time for marketing approvals.

In addition to the drug approval requirements applicable to our LUTRIN product for photosensitization of certain cancers and ANTRIN for photoangioplasty of atherosclerosis, we will also need to obtain FDA approval for the laser and associated light delivery devices used in such treatments. To obtain approval of such devices, Pharmacyclics and the manufacturers of such devices must submit additional clinical data obtained from the use of such devices with LUTRIN and ANTRIN, which may further delay or hinder the approval process for these photosensitizers. Manufacturers of such light delivery devices currently are under no obligation to us to file or pursue such applications, and any delay or refusal on their part to do so could have a material adverse effect on us.

Satisfaction of the above FDA requirements or similar requirements of state, local and foreign regulatory agencies typically takes several years and the actual time required may vary substantially, based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the pharmaceutical product. Government regulation may delay or prevent marketing of potential products for a considerable period of time and to impose costly procedures upon our activities. We cannot be certain that the FDA or any other regulatory agency will grant approval for any of our products under development on a timely basis, if at all. Success in preclinical or early stage clinical trials does not assure success in later stage clinical trials. Data obtained from preclinical and clinical activities is not always conclusive and may be susceptible to varying interpretations which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. Even if a product receives regulatory approval, the approval may be significantly limited to specific indications. Further, even after regulatory approval is obtained, later discovery of previously unknown problems with a product may result in restrictions on the product or even complete withdrawal of the product from the market. Delays in obtaining, or failures to obtain regulatory approvals would have a material adverse effect on our business. Marketing our products abroad will require similar regulatory approvals and is subject to similar risks. In addition, we cannot predict what adverse governmental regulations may arise from future U.S. or foreign governmental action.

Any products manufactured or distributed by us pursuant to FDA clearances or approvals are subject to pervasive and continuing regulation by the FDA, including record-keeping requirements and reporting of adverse experiences with the drug. Drug manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their establishments with the FDA and certain state agencies, and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA and certain state agencies for compliance with good manufacturing practices, which impose certain procedural and documentation requirements upon us and our third party manufacturers. We cannot be certain that we or our present or future suppliers will be able to comply with the GMP regulations and other FDA regulatory requirements.

The FDA regulates drug labeling and promotion activities. The FDA has actively enforced regulations prohibiting the marketing of products for unapproved uses. Under the Modernization Act of 1997, the FDA will permit the promotion of a drug for an unapproved use in certain circumstances, but subject to very stringent requirements. We and our products are also subject to a variety of state laws and regulations in those states or localities where our products are or will be marketed. Any applicable state or local regulations may hinder our ability to market our products in those states or localities. We are also subject to numerous federal, state and local laws relating to such matters as safe working conditions, manufacturing practices, environmental protection, fire hazard control, and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances. We may incur significant costs to comply with such laws and regulations now or in the future.

The FDA's policies may change and additional government regulations may be enacted which could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our potential products. Moreover, increased attention to the containment of health care costs in the U.S. and in foreign markets could result in new government regulations which could have a material adverse effect on our business. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of adverse governmental regulation which might arise from future legislative or administrative action, either in the U.S. or abroad.

 

Employees

As of June 30, 2001, we had 176 employees, 6 of whom were part-time. 157 of our employees are engaged in research, development, preclinical and clinical testing, manufacturing, quality assurance and quality control and regulatory affairs and 19 in marketing, finance, administration and operations. 28 of our employees have an M.D. or Ph.D. degree. Our future performance depends in significant part upon the continued service of our key scientific, technical and senior management personnel, none of whom is bound by an employment agreement requiring service for any defined period of time. The loss of the services of one or more of our key employees could harm our business.

Our future success also depends on our continuing ability to attract, train and retain highly qualified scientific and technical personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area where we are headquartered. Due to the limited number of people available with the necessary scientific and technical skills, we can give no assurance that we can retain or attract key personnel in the future. None of our employees is represented by a labor union. We have not experienced any work stoppages and consider our relations with our employees to be good.

 

RISK FACTORS

This Form 10-K contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed in this section as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Risks Related to Pharmacyclics

 

All of our product candidates are in development, and we cannot be certain that any of our products under development will be commercialized

To be profitable, we must successfully research, develop, obtain regulatory approval for, manufacture, introduce, market and distribute our products under development. The time frame necessary to achieve these goals for any individual product is long and uncertain. Before we can sell any of our products under development, we must demonstrate through preclinical (animal) studies and clinical (human) trials that each product is safe and effective for human use for each targeted disease. We have conducted and plan to continue extensive and costly clinical trials to assess the safety and effectiveness of our potential products. We cannot be certain that we will be permitted to begin or continue our planned clinical trials for our potential products, or if we are permitted, that our potential products will prove to be safe and to produce their intended effects.

The completion rate of our clinical trials depends upon, among other factors, the rate of patient enrollment. We may fail to obtain adequate levels of patient enrollment in our clinical trials. Delays in planned patient enrollment may result in increased costs, delays or termination of clinical trials, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

Additionally, demands on our clinical staff have been increasing and we expect they will continue to increase as a result of later- stage clinical trials of our products in development and our monitoring of additional clinical trials. We may fail to effectively oversee and monitor these many simultaneous clinical trials, which would result in increased costs or delays of our clinical trials. Even if these clinical trials are completed, we may fail to complete and submit a new drug application as scheduled. Even if we are able to submit a new drug application as scheduled, the Food and Drug Administration may not clear our application in a timely manner or may deny the application entirely.

Data already obtained from preclinical studies and clinical trials of our products under development do not necessarily predict the results that will be obtained from later preclinical studies and clinical trials. Moreover, data such as ours is susceptible to varying interpretations which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. A number of companies in the pharmaceutical industry, including biotechnology companies like us, have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after promising results in earlier trials. The failure to adequately demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a product under development could delay or prevent regulatory clearance of the potential product and would materially harm our business. Our clinical trials may not demonstrate the sufficient levels of safety and efficacy necessary to obtain the requisite regulatory approval or may not result in marketable products.

 

We have a history of operating losses and we expect to continue to have losses in the future

We have incurred significant operating losses since our inception in 1991 and, as of June 30, 2001, had an accumulated deficit of approximately $121.7 million. We expect to continue to incur substantial additional operating losses until the commercialization of our products generates sufficient revenues to cover our expenses. We expect that losses will fluctuate from quarter to quarter and that such fluctuations may be substantial. Our achieving profitability depends upon our ability, alone or with others, to successfully complete the development of our proposed products, obtain the required regulatory clearances and manufacture and market our proposed products. To date, we have not generated revenue from the commercial sale of our products. All revenues to date are primarily from license, milestone and contract research payments and, to a lesser extent, funding from one government research grant.

Failure to obtain product approvals or comply with ongoing governmental regulations could adversely affect our business

The manufacture and marketing of our products and our research and development activities are subject to extensive regulation for safety, efficacy and quality by numerous government authorities in the United States and abroad. Before receiving FDA clearance to market a product, we will have to demonstrate that the product is safe and effective on the patient population and for the diseases that will be treated. Clinical trials, manufacturing and marketing of products are subject to the rigorous testing and approval process of the FDA and equivalent foreign regulatory authorities. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and other federal, state and foreign statutes and regulations govern and influence the testing, manufacture, labeling, advertising, distribution and promotion of drugs and medical devices. As a result, clinical trials and regulatory approval can take a number of years to accomplish and require the expenditure of substantial resources. Data obtained from clinical trials are susceptible to varying interpretations which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory clearances. For example, we compared the results of our Phase Ib/II clinical trial of XCYTRIN to historical data using a 528-patient database containing information on clinical features and outcomes in comparable patients receiving treatment with identical doses of radiation alone. Historical analyses have many limitations and, while supportive, are not considered proof that XCYTRIN improved the outcome of patients enrolled in the study.

In addition, we may encounter delays or rejections based upon additional government regulation from future legislation or administrative action or changes in FDA policy during the period of product development, clinical trials and FDA regulatory review. We may encounter similar delays in foreign countries. We may be unable to obtain requisite approvals from the FDA and foreign regulatory authorities, and even if obtained, such approvals may not be on a timely basis, or they may not cover the clinical uses that we specify.

Marketing or promoting a drug for an unapproved use is subject to very strict controls. Furthermore, clearance may entail ongoing requirements for post-marketing studies. The manufacture and marketing of drugs are subject to continuing FDA and foreign regulatory review and later discovery of previously unknown problems with a product, manufacturer or facility may result in restrictions, including withdrawal of the product from the market. Any of the following events, if they were to occur, could delay or preclude us from further developing, marketing or realizing full commercial use of our products, which in turn would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations:

  • failure to obtain or maintain requisite governmental approvals;
  • failure to obtain approvals of clinically intended uses of our products under development; or
  • identification of serious and unanticipated adverse side effects in our products under development.

Manufacturers of drugs also must comply with the applicable FDA good manufacturing practice ("GMP") regulations, which include quality control and quality assurance requirements as well as the corresponding maintenance of records and documentation. Manufacturing facilities are subject to ongoing periodic inspection by the FDA and corresponding state agencies, including unannounced inspections, and must be licensed before they can be used in commercial manufacturing of our products. We or our present or future suppliers may be unable to comply with the applicable GMP regulations and other FDA regulatory requirements. We have not been subject to a GMP inspection by the FDA. We may be subject to delays in commercializing our products for photodynamic therapies due to delays in approvals of the third-party light sources required for these products.

 

Acceptance of our products in the marketplace is uncertain, and failure to achieve market acceptance will harm our business

Even if approved for marketing, our products may not achieve market acceptance. The degree of market acceptance will depend upon a number of factors, including:

  • the receipt of regulatory approvals for the uses that we are studying;
  • the establishment and demonstration in the medical community of the safety and clinical efficacy of our products and their potential advantages over existing therapeutic products and diagnostic and/or imaging techniques; and
  • pricing and reimbursement policies of government and third-party payors such as insurance companies, health maintenance organizations and other plan administrators.

Physicians, patients, payors or the medical community in general may be unwilling to accept, utilize or recommend any of our products.

 

We may fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights or secure rights to third-party patents

A number of third-party patent applications have been published, and some have issued, relating to biometallic and expanded porphyrin chemistries. It is likely that competitors and other third parties have filed and will continue to file applications for and receive patents relating to similar or even the same compositions, methods or designs as those of our products. If any third-party patent claims are asserted against the company's products and are upheld as valid and infringed, we could be prevented from practicing the subject matter claimed in such patents, require license(s) or have to redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement. Such licenses may not be available or, if available, may not be on terms acceptable to us. Alternatively, we may be unsuccessful in any attempt to redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement. Litigation or other legal proceedings may be necessary to defend against claims of infringement, to enforce our patents, or to protect our trade secrets, and could result in substantial cost to the company, and diversion of our efforts.

We are aware of several U.S. patents owned or licensed to Schering AG that relate to pharmaceutical formulations and methods for enhancing magnetic resonance imaging. We have obtained the opinion of special patent counsel that the technologies we employ for our imaging product under development and magnetic resonance imaging detectable compounds do not infringe the claims of such patents. Nevertheless, Schering AG may still choose to assert one or more of those patents. If any of our products were legally determined to be infringing a valid and enforceable claim of any such patents, our business could be materially adversely affected. Further, any allegation by Schering AG that we infringed their patents would likely result in significant legal costs and require the diversion of substantial management resources. Schering AG sent communications to us suggesting that our oral magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, CITRA VU, may infringe certain of their patents. We are aware that Schering AG has asserted patent rights against at least one other company in the contrast agent imaging market and that a number of companies have entered into licensing arrangements with Schering AG with respect to one or more of such patents. We cannot be certain that we would be successful in defending a lawsuit or able to obtain a license on commercially reasonable terms from Schering AG, if required.

We also rely upon trade secrets, technical know-how and continuing technological innovation to develop and maintain our competitive position. We require our employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to execute appropriate confidentiality and assignment-of-inventions agreements with us. These agreements typically provide that all materials and confidential information developed or made known to the individual during the course of the individual's relationship with us is to be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties except in specific circumstances, and that all inventions arising out of the relationship with Pharmacyclics shall be our exclusive property. These agreements may be breached, and in some instances, we may not have an appropriate remedy available for breach of the agreements. Furthermore, our competitors may independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques, reverse engineer our information and techniques, or otherwise gain access to our proprietary technology. We may be unable to meaningfully protect our rights in unpatented proprietary technology.

 

We rely heavily on third parties

We currently depend heavily and will depend heavily in the future on third parties for support in product development, manufacturing, marketing and distribution. In the field of retinal degeneration, we depend on Alcon for preclinical and clinical studies, regulatory filings and sales and marketing of OPTRIN for ophthalmology uses worldwide. Alcon may terminate their agreement with us at their election. We cannot be certain that Alcon will fulfill their obligations in a manner that maximizes our revenues.

We also depend upon the National Cancer Institute for the sponsoring and funding of certain of the clinical trials of our XCYTRIN cancer product and LUTRIN photosensitizer product in development. We cannot be certain that the National Cancer Institute will enlist support for all such trials or that it will continue our funding. If the National Cancer Institute did not support such trials, we may have to fund the continuation of such trials ourselves or reduce the number of disease types in our clinical trials.

We may be unsuccessful in entering into additional strategic alliances for the development or commercialization of other product candidates. Even if we did enter into any such alliances, they may not be on terms favorable to us or they may ultimately be unsuccessful. See "Business - Research, Clinical Development and Marketing Collaborations."

We have no expertise in the development of light sources and associated light delivery devices required for our photoangioplasty and photodynamic therapy products under development. Successful development, manufacturing, approval and distribution of our photosensitization products will require third party participation for the required light sources, associated light delivery devices and other equipment. We currently obtain lasers from Diomed, Inc. and cylindrically diffusing light fibers from CardioFocus, Inc. on a purchase order basis, and such entities are under no obligation to continue to deliver light devices on an ongoing basis. Failure to maintain such relationships may require us to develop additional supply sources which may require additional clinical trials and regulatory approvals and could materially delay commercialization of our LUTRIN and ANTRIN products under development. We may be unable to establish or maintain relationships with other supply sources on a commercially reasonable basis, if at all, or alternatively, the enabling devices may not receive regulatory approval for use in photoangioplasty or photodynamic therapy. See "Business - Research, Clinical Development and Marketing Collaborations" and "- Drug and Device Supply Agreements."

 

We have limited manufacturing experience and thus rely heavily upon contract manufacturers

We must manufacture our products in commercial quantities, either directly or through third parties, in compliance with regulatory requirements and at an acceptable cost. We do not own manufacturing facilities necessary to provide clinical and commercial quantities of our products.

We have entered into commercial supply agreements with three manufacturers who each manufacture a separate component of our texaphyrin drug substance. In fiscal 2001, we took delivery of commercial quantities of XCYTRIN drug substance. Due to the addition of these manufacturers, we must demonstrate to the FDA the substantial equivalence of the materials produced by these manufacturers to the materials used in our clinical trials to date, with the exception of our Phase II clinical trial for treatment of a malignant primary brain tumor. Failure to demonstrate equivalence of the material produced by these manufacturers could involve performing additional clinical trials and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have entered into an agreement with Cook Pharmaceutical Solutions (acquired by Baxter Healthcare Corporation in August 2001) to formulate, fill, package and label clinical and commercial quantities of XCYTRIN. Cook also supplies us with clinical quantities of ANTRIN and LUTRIN. Any interruption of supply of our products from Cook could have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any failure by these third parties to supply our requirements or the National Cancer Institute's requirements for clinical trial materials would jeopardize the completion of such trials and could therefore have a material adverse effect on us.

 

We lack marketing and sales experience

We currently do not have marketing, sales or distribution experience. Therefore, to service markets in which we have retained sales and marketing rights and in the event that our agreement with Alcon is terminated, we must develop a sales force with technical expertise. We have no experience in developing, training or managing a sales force. We will incur substantial additional expenses in developing, training and managing such an organization. We may be unable to build such a sales force, the cost of establishing such a sales force may exceed any product revenues, or our direct marketing and sales efforts may be unsuccessful. In addition, we compete with many other companies that currently have extensive and well-funded marketing and sales operations. Our marketing and sales efforts may be unable to compete successfully against such other companies.

 

Our capital requirements are uncertain and we may have difficulty raising needed capital in the future

We have expended and will continue to expend substantial funds to complete the research, development and clinical testing of our products. We will require additional funds for these purposes, to establish additional clinical-and commercial-scale manufacturing arrangements and to provide for the marketing and distribution of our products. Additional funds may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are unavailable from operations or additional sources of financing, we may have to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs which would materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operations.

We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and investments will be adequate to satisfy our capital needs through at least calendar year 2002. However, our actual capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

  • continued progress of our research and development programs;
  • our ability to establish additional collaborative arrangements;
  • changes in our existing collaborative relationships;
  • progress with preclinical studies and clinical trials;
  • the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory clearance;
  • the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining and enforcing patent claims;
  • competing technological and market developments; and
  • our ability to market and distribute our products and establish new collaborative and licensing arrangements.

We may seek to raise any necessary additional funds through equity or debt financings, collaborative arrangements with corporate partners or other sources which may be dilutive to existing stockholders. In addition, in the event that additional funds are obtained through arrangements with collaborative partners or other sources, such arrangements may require us to relinquish rights to some of our technologies, product candidates or products under development that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize ourselves.

 

Risks Related to Our Industry

We face rapid technological change and intense competition

The pharmaceutical industry is subject to rapid and substantial technological change. Developments by others may render our products under development or technologies noncompetitive or obsolete, or we may be unable to keep pace with technological developments or other market factors. Technological competition in the industry from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, universities, governmental entities and others diversifying into the field is intense and is expected to increase. Many of these entities have significantly greater research and development capabilities than we do, as well as substantially more marketing, manufacturing, financial and managerial resources. These entities represent significant competition for us. Acquisitions of, or investments in, competing pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies by large corporations could increase such competitors' financial, marketing, manufacturing and other resources.

We are a relatively new enterprise and are engaged in the development of novel therapeutic technologies. As a result, our resources are limited and we may experience technical challenges inherent in such novel technologies.

Competitors have developed or are in the process of developing technologies that are, or in the future may be, the basis for competitive products. Some of these products may have an entirely different approach or means of accomplishing similar therapeutic, diagnostic and imaging effects than our products. We are aware that one of our competitors in the market for photodynamic therapy drugs has received marketing approval of a product for certain uses in the United States and other countries. Our competitors may develop products that are safer, more effective or less costly than our products and, therefore, present a serious competitive threat to our product offerings.

The widespread acceptance of therapies that are alternatives to ours may limit market acceptance of our products even if commercialized. The diseases for which we are developing our therapeutic products can also be treated, in the case of cancer, by surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, and in the case of atherosclerosis, by surgery, angioplasty, drug therapy and the use of devices to maintain and open blood vessels. These treatments are widely accepted in the medical community and have a long history of use. The established use of these competitive products may limit the potential for our products to receive widespread acceptance if commercialized.

 

The price of our common stock may be volatile

The market prices for securities of small capitalization biotechnology companies, including ours, have historically been highly volatile. The market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly due to a variety of factors, including:

  • the results of preclinical testing and clinical trials by us or our competitors;
  • technological innovations or new therapeutic products;
  • governmental regulation;
  • developments in patent or other proprietary rights;
  • litigation;
  • public concern as to the safety of products developed by us or others;
  • comments by securities analysts; and
  • general market conditions in our industry.

In addition, if any of the risks described in these "Risk Factors" actually occurred, it could have a dramatic and material adverse impact on the market price of our common stock.

 

We are subject to uncertainties regarding health care reimbursement and reform

The continuing efforts of government and insurance companies, health maintenance organizations and other payors of healthcare costs to contain or reduce costs of health care may affect our future revenues and profitability, and the future revenues and profitability of our potential customers, suppliers and collaborative partners and the availability of capital. For example, in certain foreign markets, pricing or profitability of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to government control. In the United States, given recent federal and state government initiatives directed at lowering the total cost of health care, the U.S. Congress and state legislatures will likely continue to focus on health care reform, the cost of prescription pharmaceuticals and on the reform of the Medicare and Medicaid systems. While we cannot predict whether any such legislative or regulatory proposals will be adopted, the announcement or adoption of such proposals could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our ability to commercialize our products successfully will depend in part on the extent to which appropriate reimbursement levels for the cost of our products and related treatment are obtained by governmental authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, such as HMOs. Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. Also, the trend toward managed health care in the United States and the concurrent growth of organizations such as HMOs, which could control or significantly influence the purchase of health care services and products, as well as legislative proposals to reform health care or reduce government insurance programs, may all result in lower prices for or rejection of our products. The cost containment measures that health care payors and providers are instituting and the effect of any health care reform could materially adversely affect our ability to operate profitably.

 

Our business exposes us to product liability claims

The testing, manufacture, marketing and sale of our products involve an inherent risk that product liability claims will be asserted against us. Although we are insured against such risks up to a $10,000,000 annual aggregate limit in connection with clinical trials and commercial sales of our products, our present product liability insurance may be inadequate. A successful product liability claim in excess of our insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any successful product liability claim may prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially desirable or reasonable terms. In addition, product liability coverage may cease to be available in sufficient amounts or at an acceptable cost. An inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our pharmaceutical products. A product liability claim or recall would have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our business involves environmental risks

In connection with our research and development activities and our manufacture of materials and products, we are subject to federal, state and local laws, rules, regulations and policies governing the use, generation, manufacture, storage, air emission, effluent discharge, handling and disposal of certain materials, biological specimens and wastes. Although we believe that we have complied with the applicable laws, regulations and policies in all material respects and have not been required to correct any material noncompliance, we may be required to incur significant costs to comply with environmental and health and safety regulations in the future. Our research and development involves the controlled use of hazardous materials, including but not limited to certain hazardous chemicals and radioactive materials. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by state and federal regulations, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of such an occurrence, we could be held liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed our resources.

 

 

Executive Officers and Directors

Executive officers and directors of the Company, and their ages as of August 31, 2001, are as follows:

Name

Age

Position

Richard A. Miller, M.D.

50

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

Cynthia J. Ladd

46

Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Marc L. Steuer

54

Senior Vice President, Business Development

Leiv Lea

47

Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer

Hugo Madden, Ph.D.

52

Vice President, Chemical Operations

Markus F. Renschler, M.D.

40

Vice President, Oncology Clinical Development

Jon R. Wallace

57

Vice President, Quality

Miles R. Gilburne(2)

50

Director

Loretta M. Itri, M.D.(2)

52

Director

Richard M. Levy, Ph.D.(1)

63

Director

William R. Rohn(1)

58

Director

Craig C. Taylor(1)(2)

51

Director

__________

(1) Member of Compensation Committee.

(2) Member of Audit Committee.

 

Dr. Miller has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director since he co-founded the company in April 1991. Dr. Miller was a co-founder of IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation and from 1984 to February 1992 served as Vice President and a Director. Dr. Miller also is a Clinical Professor of Medicine (Oncology) at Stanford University Medical Center. Dr. Miller received his M.D., summa cum laude, from the State University of New York Medical School and is board certified in both Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology.

 

Ms. Ladd has served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since May 2000. From 1989 to April 2000, she served in various legal positions with Genentech, Inc., most recently as Vice President, Corporate Law. Ms. Ladd received a B.S. degree in Animal Science from the Pennsylvania State University, an M.S. degree in animal nutrition/biochemistry from Cornell University and a law degree from Stanford University.

 

Mr. Steuer has served as Senior Vice President, Business Development since December 1998. Prior to that, Mr. Steuer served as Senior Vice President, Business Development and Chief Financial Officer from May 1998 to December 1998. Prior to that, Mr. Steuer served as Vice President, Business Development and Chief Financial Officer from November 1994 to May 1998. From April 1992 to November 1994, he was Executive Vice President, Business Development and Commercial Affairs for SciClone Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and also served as its Chief Financial Officer. From 1985 to 1992, Mr. Steuer served in a variety of roles in the Pilkington Visioncare Group ("PVG"), which developed, manufactured and distributed medical devices, pharmaceuticals and equipment for the ophthalmic field. Mr. Steuer received both B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University and an M.B.A. from New York University.

 

Mr. Lea has served as Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer since December 1998. Prior to that, Mr. Lea served as Vice President, Finance and Administration from December 1997 to December 1998. From September 1996 through November 1997, he served as a financial consultant for high technology companies and was Acting Chief Financial Officer for Global Village Communications, Inc. From 1987 through June 1996 he served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Margaux, Inc., a public company that manufactured refrigeration equipment. Mr. Lea received a B.S. degree in Agricultural Economics from the University of California, Davis and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles.

 

Dr. Madden has served as Vice President, Chemical Operations since June 1998. From 1995 to June 1998, he served as Plant Manager and as Director of Process Development at Catalytica Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a contract pharmaceutical manufacturer. From 1977 to 1995, Dr. Madden served in a variety of positions with Syntex Corporation, a pharmaceutical company. His positions at Syntex included Technical Director at the Bahamas Chemical Division and Manager of Process Development and Engineering at the Technology Center in Boulder, Colorado. Dr. Madden received a B.A. degree in Chemistry from the University of Oxford and a Ph.D. from the University of London.

 

Dr. Renschler has served as Vice President, Oncology Clinical Development since May 2001. Prior to that, Dr. Renschler served as Senior Director of Clinical Development from May 1998 to May 2001. Prior to that, Dr. Renschler served as Director of Clinical Development from January 1996 to May 1998. Dr. Renschler is also a Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine/Oncology at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is board certified both in Medical Oncology and Internal Medicine. Dr. Renschler received his M.D. with research honors from Stanford University and a B.A. degree in Public and International Affairs with honors from Princeton University.

 

Mr. Wallace has served as Vice President, Quality since July 2000. From April 1997 to August 2000, he served as Vice President, Quality Assurance with Cephalon, Inc. a biopharmaceutical company. From 1990 to 1997, Mr. Wallace served as Director, Regulatory Compliance with Genentech, Inc., a biotechnology company. Mr. Wallace is also a member of the Drug Information Association's (DIA) Steering Committee for the Americas. Mr. Wallace received his B.A. degree in Biological Sciences from the University of Louisville.

 

Mr. Gilburne was elected as a Director of the Company in March 2000. Mr. Gilburne is currently a principal in ZG Ventures, a private investment firm. From January 1995 through January 2000, he was Senior Vice President, Corporate Development for America Online, Inc., an internet services company. He is currently a member of the board of directors of AOL Time Warner Inc. and also serves on the board of America Online Latin America, Inc. Prior to joining America Online, Mr. Gilburne was a founding partner of the Silicon Valley office of the law firm of Weil, Gotshal and Manges and a founding partner of the Cole Gilburne Fund, an early stage venture capital fund focused on information technology. Mr. Gilburne received an A.B. degree from Princeton University and a law degree from the Harvard Law School.

 

Dr. Itri was elected as a Director of the Company in July 2001. Dr. Itri is currently the Executive Vice President, Clinical Research and Development, and Chief Medical Officer of Genta Incorporated, a biopharmaceutical company. Dr. Itri joined Genta in March 2001. From November 1990 to January 2000 she was Senior Vice President, Worldwide Clinical Affairs, and Chief Medical Officer at Ortho Biotech Inc., a Johnson & Johnson company. Dr. Itri earned her M.D. from New York Medical College, and is Board certified in Internal Medicine. She completed a fellowship in Medical Oncology at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.

 

Dr. Levy was elected as a Director of the Company in June 2000. He has served as President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of Varian Medical Systems, Inc., a medical equipment company, since April 1999, and as Executive Vice President of Varian Associates, Inc., the predecessor company from which Varian Medical Systems, Inc. was spun out, since 1992. Dr. Levy holds a B.S. degree from Dartmouth College and a Ph.D. in nuclear chemistry from the University of California at Berkeley.

 

Mr. Rohn was elected as a Director of the Company in March 2000. He has served as the Chief Operating Officer of IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company, since May 1998. He joined IDEC in August 1993 as Senior Vice President, Commercial and Corporate Development and was appointed Senior Vice President, Commercial Operations in April 1996. From 1984 to 1993, he was employed by Adria Laboratories, most recently as Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing. Mr. Rohn received a B.A. in Marketing from Michigan State University.

 

Mr. Taylor was elected as a Director of the Company in June 1991. Mr. Taylor is a General Partner of AMC Partners 89, L.P., and the General Partner of Asset Management Associates 1989, L.P., a private venture capital partnership. Mr. Taylor has been a General Partner of Alloy Ventures, Inc., a venture management firm which succeeded Asset Management Company, the prior management firm for the Asset Management funds, since 1998. Mr. Taylor had been with Asset Management Company from 1977 to 1998, as General Partner since 1982. Mr. Taylor is a Director of Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. and several private companies. Mr. Taylor holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in Physics from Brown University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University.


Item 2.   Properties

Our corporate offices are located in Sunnyvale, California, where we lease approximately 105,000 square feet under two leases that expire in December 2003 and January 2004. We have subleased 18,000 square feet of this space through January 2003. These facilities include administrative and research and development space. Both leases are non-cancelable operating leases. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet our current and foreseeable needs or that suitable additional space will be available as needed.

 

Item 3.   Legal Proceedings

None.

 

Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

 

 

PART II

Item 5.   Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

Our common stock began trading publicly on the Nasdaq National Market on October 24, 1995 and is traded under the symbol "PCYC." Prior to that date, there was no public market for our common stock. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low sales prices of the common stock.

 

HIGH

LOW

FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2000
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

 
$ 48.00
  49.00
  86.38
  66.88

 
$ 23.88
  28.50
  35.00
  28.00

FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2001
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

 
$ 77.50
  60.00
  48.00
  34.25

 
$ 38.00
  27.69
  20.38
  18.16

As of June 30, 2001, there were 143 holders of record of our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain all future earnings for use in our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

Item 6.   Selected Financial Data

The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere herein.


                                                                                                Period
                                                                                                 from
                                                                                               Inception
                                                                                               (April 1991)
                                                       Years Ended June 30,                     through
                                        -----------------------------------------------------  June 30,
                                          1997       1998       1999       2000       2001       2001
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
                                                   (in thousands, except per share amounts)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Revenues:
  License, milestone and grant
    revenues ......................... $      25  $   2,700  $     750  $   1,000  $      --  $   7,855
  Contract revenues ..................        --        831      1,291        604      3,121      5,847
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
      Total revenues .................        25      3,531      2,041      1,604      3,121     13,702
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
Operating expenses:
  Research and development ...........     9,632     13,973     21,889     28,590     37,974    139,586
  Marketing, general and administrativ     1,905      1,987      2,762      4,409      6,548     21,781
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
      Total operating expenses .......    11,537     15,960     24,651     32,999     44,522    161,367
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
Loss from operations .................   (11,512)   (12,429)   (22,610)   (31,395)   (41,401)  (147,665)
Interest income ......................     1,480      2,826      3,398      7,778     10,604     27,547
Interest expense and other
   income (expense), net .............      (226)       (72)       (34)       (13)      (128)    (1,574)
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
Net loss.............................. $ (10,258) $  (9,675) $ (19,246) $ (23,630) $ (30,925) $(121,692)
                                        =========  =========  =========  =========  =========  =========
Basic and diluted net
   loss per share(1).................. $   (1.11) $   (0.87) $   (1.55) $   (1.60) $   (1.92)
                                        =========  =========  =========  =========  =========
Shares used to compute basic and
  diluted net loss per share(1) ......     9,264     11,061     12,378     14,723     16,075
                                        =========  =========  =========  =========  =========



                                                              June 30,
                                        -----------------------------------------------------
                                          1997       1998       1999       2000       2001
                                        ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------  ---------
                                                             (in thousands)
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable
  securities ......................... $  36,930  $  70,381  $  50,005  $ 178,247  $ 152,782
Total assets .........................    39,707     73,019     55,557    185,123    160,973
Capital lease obligations ............     1,298        530        275         59         --
Deficit accumulated during
  development stage ..................   (38,216)   (47,891)   (67,137)   (90,767)  (121,692)
Total stockholders' equity ...........    36,696     68,641     49,957    181,414    154,355


__________

(1) See Note 1 to the financial statements for a description of the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share.



Item 7.   Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In addition to historical information, this report contains predictions, estimates and other forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Actual results could differ materially from any future performance suggested in this report as a result of the factors, including those discussed in "Risk Factors," elsewhere in this report.

 

Overview

Pharmacyclics is a pharmaceutical company focused on the development of products that improve existing therapeutic approaches to cancer, atherosclerosis and retinal disease. We are conducting a multicenter international Phase III clinical trial of XCYTRIN® (motexafin gadolinium) Injection to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy of tumors that have spread to the brain resulting from a variety of cancers, including those of the lung and breast. We have completed patient enrollment in this study and, after completion of patient follow-up and data analysis, expect to be able to announce a top-line analysis of the results by the end of calendar year 2001. We have completed patient enrollment in a multicenter Phase II trial with XCYTRIN for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, a malignant primary brain tumor. We are conducting a Phase IIb clinical trial for LUTRIN® (motexafin Lutetium) Injection as a photosensitizer for use in the photodynamic therapy of patients with recurrent breast cancers to the chest wall that have failed standard therapies. Through our Cooperative Research and Development Agreement, the National Cancer Institute is conducting Phase I trials of XCYTRIN for treatment of both primary and pediatric brain tumors, pancreatic cancer and lung cancer and of LUTRIN for prostate cancer and cervical cancer. The National Cancer Institute also intends to conduct several additional Phase I clinical trials of XCYTRIN and LUTRIN, each for a variety of additional cancer indications. We are now conducting a multicenter randomized Phase II clinical trial with ANTRIN® for treatment of patients with peripheral arterial disease and a Phase I trial for treatment of coronary artery disease. In addition, Alcon is conducting a Phase II clinical trial with OPTRIN™ (motexafin lutetium) Injection for the photodynamic therapy of patients with a degenerative disease of the retina caused by growths of small blood vessels in the retina known as age-related macular degeneration. Alcon is conducting this trial under a 1997 evaluation and license agreement that gave Alcon the right to conduct worldwide development, marketing and sales of OPTRIN for ophthalmology indications.

To date, we have devoted substantially all of our resources to research and development. We have not derived any commercial revenues from product sales. We have incurred significant operating losses since our inception in 1991 and, as of June 30, 2001, had an accumulated deficit of approximately $121.7 million. We expect to incur substantial additional operating losses until the commercialization of our products generates sufficient revenues to cover our expenses. We expect that losses will fluctuate from quarter to quarter and that such fluctuations may be substantial. Our achieving profitability depends upon our ability, alone or with others, to successfully complete the development of our products under development, and obtain required regulatory clearances and successfully manufacture and market our products. See "Risk Factors - All of our product candidates are in development and we cannot be certain that any of our products under development will be commercialized," "- Acceptance of our products in the marketplace is uncertain and failure to achieve market acceptance will harm our business," "- We have a history of operating losses and we expect to continue to have losses in the future" "- Failure to obtain product approvals or comply with ongoing governmental regulations could adversely affect our business" and "- Our capital requirements are uncertain and we may have difficulty raising needed capital in the future."

 

 

Results of Operations

Comparison of Years Ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999

Revenues. Our revenues for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999 were $3,121,000, $1,604,000 and $2,041,000, respectively. Revenues for the year ended June 30, 2001 resulted primarily from a non-recurring fee paid by Nycomed to terminate their collaboration agreement to sell and market LUTRIN outside the United States, Canada and Japan and contract revenue received from Nycomed prior to the termination of the agreement. Revenues for the year ended June 30, 2000 resulted from a milestone payment from Alcon and contract revenue from Nycomed. Revenues for the year ended June 30, 1999 resulted primarily from a milestone payment from Alcon and contract revenue from Nycomed and Alcon.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses were $37,974,000 for the year ended June 30, 2001 compared to $28,590,000 for the year ended June 30, 2000 and $21,889,000 for the year ended June 30, 1999. Expenses in fiscal 2000 were reduced by a credit of $3,540,000 associated with the termination of our manufacturing development and supply agreement with Celanese, Ltd. Pursuant to the termination agreement, Celanese assigned to us all rights, title and interest in the manufacturing technology and intellectual property for our texaphyrin-based products and made a cash payment to us of $750,000. The termination agreement also relieved us of all obligations to pay Celanese for shared development costs incurred prior to termination of the manufacturing development and supply agreement. As of June 30, 1999, we had accrued $2,790,000 associated with such costs. Excluding the impact of the Celanese termination agreement, research and development expenses increased $5,844,000 (18.2%) in fiscal 2001 primarily due to the continued enrollment in our existing trials and the addition of two trials in 2001 ($960,000), and the growth in personnel to support the trials and expanded research efforts ($4,200,000).

Also excluding the impact of the Celanese termination agreement, research and development expenses increased $10,241,000 (47%) to $32,130,000 in fiscal 2000 as compared to fiscal 1999. This increase was due primarily to increased clinical trial costs ($3,700,000), greater drug purchases ($3,300,000) and higher personnel costs associated with increased clinical development activity related to XCYTRIN and ANTRIN ($2,800,000). Research and development expenses incurred in connection with research and development contracts were $948,000 for the year ended June 30, 2001 compared to $1,725,000 for the year ended June 30, 2000 and $3,150,000 for the year ended June 30, 1999. We expect research and development expenses to increase in fiscal 2002 as we continue development of our products.

Marketing, General and Administrative Expenses. Marketing, general and administrative expenses for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999 were $6,548,000, $4,409,000 and $2,762,000, respectively. The $2,139,000 (49%) increase in fiscal 2001 compared to fiscal 2000 primarily resulted from higher personnel costs related to increased headcount to support greater clinical development activities ($650,000), and increased marketing efforts to promote awareness of the company's products ($1,070,000). The $1,647,000 (60%) increase for fiscal 2000 compared to fiscal 1999 primarily resulted from higher personnel costs related to increased headcount to support greater clinical development activities ($660,000) and higher facility costs due to leasing additional office space ($537,000). We expect marketing, general and administrative expenses to increase in fiscal 2002 to support the expansion of the company's activities.

Interest and Other, Net. Interest and other, net, was $10,476,000, $7,765,000 and $3,364,000 for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The increase in each of fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2000 was primarily the result of interest earned on higher average cash balances from sales of common stock in the third quarter of fiscal 2000. Our cash equivalents and marketable securities consist primarily of fixed rate instruments.

Income Taxes. At June 30, 2001, we had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $118.8 million for federal income tax reporting purposes and tax credit carryforwards of approximately $5.3 million for federal reporting purposes. These amounts expire at various times through 2021. As a result of ownership changes that have occurred in the past, we believe that utilization of our net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards is subject to annual limitations. A full valuation allowance has been established for the company's deferred tax assets since realization of such assets through the generation of future taxable income is uncertain. See Note 5 of "Notes to Financial Statements."

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of working capital have been private and public equity financings and proceeds from collaborative research and development agreements, as well as grant and contract revenues and interest income. Since inception, we have used approximately $109,730,000 of cash for operating activities and approximately $12,823,000 of cash for the purchase of laboratory and office equipment and payments under capital lease agreements.

As of June 30, 2001, we had approximately $152,782,000 in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. Net cash used in operating activities was $25,746,000, $24,767,000 and $17,243,000 for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, and resulted primarily from operating losses adjusted for non-cash expenses and changes in accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and prepaid expenses and other assets.

Net cash provided by investing activities of $31,719,000 in the year ended June 30, 2001 consisted primarily of proceeds of maturities and sales of marketable securities, net of purchases of marketable securities, partially offset by purchases of property and equipment. Net cash used in investing activities was $90,831,000 in the year ended June 30, 2000 and consisted primarily of purchases of marketable securities and property and equipment, partially offset by proceeds from maturities of marketable securities. Net cash provided by investing activities was $7,414,000 in the year ended June 30, 1999 and consisted primarily of proceeds from the sale of investments, partially offset by purchases of marketable securities and property and equipment.

In March 2000, we sold 820,000 shares of our common stock through a private placement at a price of $73.25 per share resulting in net cash proceeds to us of approximately $57,600,000. In September and October 1999, we sold a total of 2,645,000 shares of our common stock at $38.75 per share resulting in net cash proceeds to us of approximately $96,100,000.

Based upon the current status of our product development and commercialization plans, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investments, will be adequate to satisfy our capital needs through at least the calendar year 2002. However, our actual capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the status of product development; the time and cost involved in conducting clinical trials and obtaining regulatory approvals; filing, prosecuting and enforcing patent claims; competing technological and market developments; and our ability to market and distribute our products and establish new collaborative and licensing arrangements.

Our forecast of the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement that involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary materially. The factors described above will impact our future capital requirements and the adequacy of our available funds. We may be required to raise additional funds through public or private financings, collaborative relationships or other arrangements. We cannot be certain that such additional funding, if needed, will be available on terms attractive to us, or at all. Furthermore, any additional equity financing may be dilutive to existing stockholders and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants. Collaborative arrangements, if necessary to raise additional funds, may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies, products or marketing territories. Our failure to raise capital when needed could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Risk Factors - Risks Related to Pharmacyclics - Our capital requirements are uncertain and we may have difficulty raising capital in the future."

Recent accounting pronouncements

In July 2001, The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (SFAS 141), "Business Combinations", and No. 142 (SFAS 142), "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS 141 requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be accounted for under a single method - the purchase method. Use of the pooling-of-interests method is no longer permitted. SFAS 142 requires that goodwill no longer be amortized to earnings, but instead be reviewed for impairment upon initial adoption of the Statement and on an annual basis going forward. The company will adopt SFAS 142 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2003. The company believes that the adoption of these standards will have no impact on its financial statements.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Our exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to our investment portfolio. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to fluctuations in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if forced to sell securities which have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximize yields without significantly increasing risk. To achieve this objective, we invest in debt instruments of the U.S. Government and its agencies and high-quality corporate issuers, and, by policy, restrict our exposure to any single corporate issuer by imposing concentration limits. To minimize the exposure due to adverse shifts in interest rates, we maintain investments at an average maturity of generally less than two years. Assuming a hypothetical increase in interest rates of one percentage point, the fair value of our total investment portfolio as of June 30, 2001 would have potentially declined by $634,000.

One of our cancelable drug supply agreements is denominated in a foreign currency. We have not entered into any agreements or transactions to hedge the risk associated with potential fluctuations in currencies; accordingly, we are subject to foreign currency exchange risk related to this contract. While we may enter into hedge or other agreements in the future to actively manage this risk, we do not believe this risk is material to our financial statements.

 

Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Page

Report of Independent Accountants

37

Balance Sheets

38

Statements of Operations

39

Statements of Cash Flows

40

Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

41

Notes to Financial Statements

43








REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS

To the Board of Directors
and Stockholders of Pharmacyclics, Inc.

In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheets and the related statements of operations, of cash flows and of stockholders' equity (deficit) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Pharmacyclics, Inc. (a development stage company) at June 30, 2001 and 2000, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2001, and, cumulatively, for the period from inception (April 1991) through June 30, 2001, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

 

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

San Jose, California
August 14, 2001








PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(a development stage company)
BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)



                                                                   June 30,
                                                              --------------------
                                                                2001       2000
                                                              ---------  ---------
                           ASSETS
Current assets:
  Cash and cash equivalents ................................ $  51,391  $  43,536
  Marketable securities ....................................   101,391    134,711
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets ................     2,265      2,940
                                                              ---------  ---------
          Total current assets .............................   155,047    181,187
Property and equipment, net ................................     5,174      3,796
Other assets ...............................................       752        140
                                                              ---------  ---------
                                                             $ 160,973  $ 185,123
                                                              =========  =========
            LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
  Accounts payable ......................................... $   4,599  $   2,851
  Accrued liabilities ......................................     1,861        764
  Current portion of capital lease obligations .............        --         59
                                                              ---------  ---------
          Total current liabilities ........................     6,460      3,674
Deferred rent ..............................................       158         35
                                                              ---------  ---------
          Total liabilities ................................     6,618      3,709
                                                              ---------  ---------
Commitments (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
  Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares
    authorized at June 30, 2001 and 2000; no shares issued
    and outstanding ........................................        --         --
  Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 24,000,000 shares
    authorized at June 30, 2001 and 2000; shares issued
    and outstanding -- 16,116,370 at June 30, 2001 and
    16,007,456 at June 30, 2000 ............................         2          2
  Additional paid-in capital ...............................   274,952    272,685
  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ............     1,093       (506)
  Deficit accumulated during development stage .............  (121,692)   (90,767)
                                                              ---------  ---------
          Total stockholders' equity .......................   154,355    181,414
                                                              ---------  ---------
                                                             $ 160,973  $ 185,123
                                                              =========  =========


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.






PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(a development stage company)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)



                                                                            Period
                                                                             from
                                                                          Inception
                                                                          (April 1991)
                                               Year Ended June 30,         through
                                         -------------------------------   June 30,
                                           2001       2000       1999        2001
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Revenues:
  License and milestone revenues....... $      --  $   1,000  $     750  $    7,855
  Contract revenues ...................     3,121        604      1,291       5,847
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
          Total revenues ..............     3,121      1,604      2,041      13,702
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Operating expenses:
  Research and development ............    37,974     28,590     21,889     139,586
  Marketing, general and administrative     6,548      4,409      2,762      21,781
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
          Total operating expenses ....    44,522     32,999     24,651     161,367
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Loss from  operations .................   (41,401)   (31,395)   (22,610)   (147,665)
Interest income .......................    10,604      7,778      3,398      27,547
Interest expense and other
   income (expense), net ..............      (128)       (13)       (34)     (1,574)
                                         ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Net loss .............................. $ (30,925) $ (23,630) $ (19,246) $ (121,692)
                                         =========  =========  =========  ==========

Basic and diluted net loss per share .. $   (1.92) $   (1.60) $   (1.55)
                                         =========  =========  =========
Shares used to compute basic
and diluted net loss per share ........    16,075     14,723     12,378
                                         =========  =========  =========


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.






PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(a development stage company)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)



                                                                                        Period
                                                                                         from
                                                                                      Inception
                                                                                      (April 1991)
                                                           Year Ended June 30,         through
                                                     -------------------------------   June 30,
                                                       2001       2000       1999        2001
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Cash flows from operating activities:
  Net loss ........................................ $ (30,925) $ (23,630) $ (19,246) $ (121,692)
  Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
     used in operating activities:
     Depreciation and amortization ................     1,697      1,194        909       7,172
     Stock compensation expense ...................       326         88         89         746
     Loss on sale of marketable securities ........        78         --         --          78
     Write-down of fixed assets ...................        47         12         --         365
     Changes in assets and liabilities:
       Accounts and other receivables .............        --        294       (143)         --
       Prepaid expenses and other assets ..........        63     (1,050)      (329)     (3,017)
       Accounts payable ...........................     1,748     (1,712)     1,186       4,599
       Accrued liabilities ........................     1,097         17        315       1,861
       Deferred rent ..............................       123         20        (24)        158
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
          Net cash used in operating activities ...   (25,746)   (24,767)   (17,243)   (109,730)
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
  Purchase of property and equipment ..............    (3,122)    (1,774)    (1,884)     (8,942)
  Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ....        --         --         --         112
  Purchases of marketable securities ..............   (43,208)  (145,808)   (21,835)   (296,930)
  Proceeds from sales of marketable securities ....     8,795         --         --       8,795
  Proceeds from maturities of marketable
    securities ....................................    69,254     56,751     31,133     187,759
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
          Net cash provided by
            (used in) investing activities ........    31,719    (90,831)     7,414    (109,206)
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
  Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs .     1,941    155,420        558     250,694
  Proceeds from notes payable .....................        --         --         --       3,000
  Issuance of convertible preferred stock, net
    of issuance costs .............................        --         --         --      20,514
  Payments under capital lease obligations ........       (59)      (216)      (255)     (3,881)
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
          Net cash provided by financing
            activities ............................     1,882    155,204        303     270,327
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ..     7,855     39,606     (9,526)     51,391
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period ..    43,536      3,930     13,456          --
                                                     ---------  ---------  ---------  ----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period ........ $  51,391  $  43,536  $   3,930  $   51,391
                                                     =========  =========  =========  ==========
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow
  Information:
  Income taxes paid ............................... $      --  $      --  $      --  $      101
  Interest paid ...................................         6         13         34       1,269
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash
  Investing and Financing Activities:
  Property and equipment acquired under capital
    lease obligations .............................        --         --         --       3,881
  Warrants issued .................................        --         --         --          49
  Conversion of notes payable and accrued interest
    into convertible preferred stock ..............        --         --         --       3,051



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.






PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(a development stage company)
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
For the period from inception (April 1991) through June 30, 2001
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)



                                                                                                                        Deficit
                                                  Convertible                                          Accumulated    Accumulated
                                               Preferred Stock         Common Stock      Additional       other         During
                                           --------------------- ----------------------   Paid-in     Comprehensive   Development
                                             Shares      Amount     Shares      Amount    Capital     Income/(Loss)      Stage       Total
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Issuance of common stock for cash at
  $0.02 per share ........................         --  $     --      400,000  $     --  $        6  $            --  $        --  $        6
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1991 .................         --        --      400,000        --           6               --           --           6
Issuance of common stock for cash at an
  average price of $0.02 per share .......         --        --       97,111        --           2               --           --           2
Issuance of convertible preferred stock
  for cash, net of issuance costs, at
  an average price of $1.32 per share ....  2,040,784        --           --        --       2,667               --           --       2,667
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --         (523)       (523)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1992 .................  2,040,784        --      497,111        --       2,675               --         (523)      2,152
Issuance of common stock for cash at an
  average price of $0.06 per share .......         --        --       49,000        --           3               --           --           3
Issuance of convertible preferred stock
  for cash, net of issuance costs, at
  $4.88 per share ........................  1,580,095        --           --        --       7,674               --           --       7,674
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --         --                --       (3,580)     (3,580)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1993 .................  3,620,879        --      546,111        --      10,352               --       (4,103)      6,249
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $0.12 per share .....................         --        --      324,188        --          38               --           --          38
Issuance of convertible preferred stock
  for cash, net of issuance costs, at
  an average price of $8.63 per share ....    886,960        --           --        --       7,623               --           --       7,623
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --       (5,141)     (5,141)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1994 .................  4,507,839        --      870,299        --      18,013               --       (9,244)      8,769
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $0.24 per share .....................         --        --       38,403        --           9               --           --           9
Issuance of warrants .....................         --        --           --        --          49               --           --          49
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --      (10,479)    (10,479)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1995 .................  4,507,839        --      908,702        --      18,071               --      (19,723)     (1,652)
Issuance of convertible preferred stock
  for notes payable and accrued interest
  at an average of $8.63 per share .......    353,483          --       --           --      3,051               --          --        3,051
Issuance of convertible preferred stock
  for cash, net of issuance costs, at an
  average price of $8.63 per share .......    295,649           -        --           --     2,550               --           --       2,550
Issuance of common stock upon initial
  public offering, net of issuance
  costs, for cash at $12 per share .......         --           -  2,383,450         1      26,042               --           --      26,043
Conversion of convertible preferred stock
  into common stock ...................... (5,156,971)          -  5,156,971        --          --               --           --          --
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of
  stock options at an average exercise
  price of $1.33 per share ...............         --        --       91,922        --         122               --           --         122
Issuance of common stock upon
  exercise of purchase rights at an
  exercise price of $10.20 per
  share ..................................         --        --        8,379        --          86               --           --          86
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --          26               --           --          26
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --       (8,235)     (8,235)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1996 .................         --        --    8,549,424         1      49,948               --      (27,958)     21,991
Issuance of common stock, net of
  issuance costs, for cash at an
  average price of $16.93 per share ......         --        --    1,442,190        --      24,420               --           --      24,420
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $2.74 per share .....................         --        --       96,283        --         264               --           --         264
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of purchase rights at an exercise
  price of $10.51 per share ..............         --        --       14,557        --         153               --           --         153
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --         126               --           --         126
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --      (10,258)    (10,258)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1997 .................         --        --   10,102,454         1      74,911               --      (38,216)     36,696
Issuance of common stock, net of
  issuance costs, for cash at $21.75
  per share ..............................         --        --    2,012,500        --      40,796               --           --      40,796
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average
  price of $6.57 per share ...............         --        --       88,933        --         584               --           --         584
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of purchase rights at an exercise
  price of $14.36 per share ..............         --        --       10,372        --         149               --           --         149
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of warrants ............................         --        --       80,033        --          --               --           --          --
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --          91               --           --          91
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --       (9,675)     (9,675)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1998 .................         --        --   12,294,292         1     116,531               --      (47,891)     68,641
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $5.10 per share .....................         --        --       75,275        --         384               --           --         384
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of purchase rights at an exercise
  price of $12.77 per share ..............         --        --       13,643        --         174               --           --         174
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of warrants ............................         --        --       45,661        --          --               --           --          --
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --          89               --           --          89
Comprehensive (loss):
  Change in unrealized loss on
  marketable securities ..................         --        --           --        --          --              (85)          --         (85)
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --      (19,246)    (19,246)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 1999 .................         --        --   12,428,871         1     117,178              (85)     (67,137)     49,957
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $13.88 per share ....................         --        --      102,372        --       1,421               --           --       1,421
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of purchase rights at an exercise
  price of $25.62 per share ..............         --        --       11,213        --         287               --           --         287
Issuance of common stock, net of
  issuance costs, for cash at an
  average price of $44.36 per share ......         --        --    3,465,000         1     153,711               --           --     153,712
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --          88               --           --          88
Comprehensive (loss):
  Change in unrealized loss on
    marketable securities ................         --        --           --        --          --             (421)          --        (421)
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --      (23,630)    (23,630)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 2000 .................         --        --   16,007,456         2     272,685             (506)     (90,767)    181,414
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of stock options at an average price
  of $16.17 per share ....................         --        --       93,528        --       1,512               --           --       1,512
Issuance of common stock upon exercise
  of purchase rights at an exercise
  price of $27.89 per share ..............         --        --       15,386        --         429               --           --         429
Stock compensation expense ...............         --        --           --        --         326               --           --         326
Comprehensive income:
  Change in unrealized gain on
    marketable securities ................         --        --           --        --          --            1,599           --       1,599
Net loss .................................         --        --           --        --          --               --      (30,925)    (30,925)
                                           -----------  -------- ------------  --------  ----------  ---------------  -----------  ----------
Balance at June 30, 2001 .................         --  $     --   16,116,370  $      2  $  274,952  $         1,093  $  (121,692) $  154,355
                                           ===========  ======== ============  ========  ==========  ===============  ===========  ==========


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.






PHARMACYCLICS, INC.
(a development stage company)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 - The Company and Significant Accounting Policies:

Description of the company

Pharmacyclics, Inc. (the "company") was incorporated in Delaware in 1991 and commenced operations during 1992 to develop and market pharmaceutical products to improve upon current therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer, atherosclerosis and retinal disease. Since inception, the company has been in the development stage, principally involved in research and development and other business planning activities, with no commercial revenues from product sales. Successful future operations depend upon the company's ability to develop, to obtain regulatory approval for and to commercialize its products. The company operates in one business segment.

Management's use of estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Basic and diluted net loss per share

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding convertible preferred stock (using the if-converted method) and shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and warrants (using the treasury stock method). Options and warrants to purchase 3,272,936, 2,548,634 and 1,981,701 shares of common stock were outstanding at June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, but have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Cash and cash equivalents

All highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less that are readily convertible into cash and have insignificant interest rate risk are considered to be cash equivalents. All other investments are reported as available-for-sale marketable securities.

Marketable securities - available-for-sale

The company has classified all its marketable securities as "available-for-sale." Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are included in other comprehensive income (loss). The amortized cost of debt securities in this category is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretions of discounts to maturity. Such amortization is included in interest income. Gains and losses on securities sold are recorded based on the specific identification method and are included in interest expense and other income (expense), net in the statement of operations.

The company's marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):


                                                       Net
                                                     Unrealized Estimated
                                          Amortized    Gains      Fair
                                            Cost     (Losses)     Value
                                          ---------  ---------  ---------
June 30, 2001                                                            
Debt (state or political subdivision)... $   3,975  $       4  $   3,979
Debt (corporate)........................    96,323      1,089     97,412
                                          ---------  ---------  ---------
                                         $ 100,298  $   1,093  $ 101,391
                                          =========  =========  =========

June 30, 2000                                                            
Certificates of deposit................. $   1,000  $      (1) $     999
Debt (state or political subdivision)...    16,989        (40)    16,949
Debt (corporate)........................   117,228       (465)   116,763
                                          ---------  ---------  ---------
                                         $ 135,217  $    (506) $ 134,711
                                          =========  =========  =========

At June 30, 2001 and 2000, all of the company's debt investments are classified as short-term, as the company may choose not to hold its investments until maturity in order to take advantage of market conditions. Unrealized losses in 2001 and gains in 2000 were not material and have therefore been netted against unrealized gains and losses, respectively. At June 30, 2001, the company's debt marketable securities had the following maturities (in thousands):



                                                     Estimated
                                          Amortized    Fair
                                            Cost       Value
                                          ---------  ---------           
Less than one year...................... $  92,528     93,434
Between one and two years...............     7,770      7,957
                                          ---------  ---------
                                         $ 100,298  $ 101,391
                                          =========  =========

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the company to credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The company places its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities with high-credit quality financial institutions and invests in debt instruments of financial institutions, corporations and government entities with strong credit ratings. Management of the company believes it has established guidelines relative to diversification and maturities that maintain safety and liquidity.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to eight years, or the lease term of the respective assets, if applicable. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or lease terms.

Long-lived assets

The company identifies and records impairment losses on long-lived assets when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. No significant impairment losses have been recorded to date with respect to the company's long-lived assets, which consist primarily of property and equipment and leasehold improvements.

Revenue recognition

Revenues are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the price is fixed and determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. License and milestone fees are recognized as revenue when earned over the period of the arrangement, as evidenced by achievement of the specified milestones and the absence of any on-going performance obligation. Contract revenue is recognized as earned, primarily based on costs incurred to total estimated costs at completion, pursuant to the terms of each agreement. License, milestone, contract and grant revenues are not subject to repayment. Any amounts received in advance of performance are recorded as deferred revenue.

Recent accounting pronouncements

In July 2001, The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (SFAS 141), "Business Combinations", and No. 142 (SFAS 142), "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS 141 requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be accounted for under a single method - the purchase method. Use of the pooling-of-interests method is no longer permitted. SFAS 142 requires that goodwill no longer be amortized to earnings, but instead be reviewed for impairment upon initial adoption of the Statement and on an annual basis going forward. The company will adopt SFAS 142 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2003. The company believes that the adoption of these standards will have no impact on its financial statements.

Inventories

The company has purchased quantities of its texaphyrin-based drug substance that are expected to be available in the future to support the commercial launch of its products currently under development. Until the commercial viability of such products has been demonstrated and the necessary regulatory approvals received, the company will continue to charge all such amounts to research and development expense.

Research and development

Research and development activities are expensed as incurred and include costs associated with company's internal programs, as well as costs incurred in connection with contract research performed pursuant to collaborative agreements. Research and development costs consist of direct and indirect internal costs related to specific projects as well as fees paid to other entities which conduct certain research activities on behalf of the company. Research and development expenses incurred in connection with research contracts were $0.9 million, $1.7 million and $3.2 million for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.

Income taxes

The company provides for income taxes using the liability method. This method requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial statement reported amounts.

Fair value of financial instruments

The carrying value of the company's financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

Stock-based compensation

The company accounts for employee stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method prescribed in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related interpretations. The Company provides additional pro forma disclosures as required under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 ("SFAS 123"), "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation."

The company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123 and Emerging Issues Task Force No. 96-18, "Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services." Stock compensation expense related to stock options granted to non-employees is recognized as the stock options are earned in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123 and Financial Accounting Standards Board No. Interpretation 28, "Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans."

Reclassifications

Certain amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying financial statements to conform to the fiscal 2001 presentation.

 

Note 2 - Agreements:

University of Texas License. The company has entered into two exclusive patent license agreements with The University of Texas which permit the company to exclusively manufacture, use and sell products covered by patents that result from certain research conducted by The University of Texas. Each agreement requires the company to pay royalties to The University of Texas. In the year ended June 30, 2001, the company paid $100,000 of royalties and paid no royalties in the years ended June 30, 2000 and 1999.

Alcon Collaboration. In December 1997, the company entered into an evaluation and license agreement with Alcon Pharmaceuticals Ltd., under which Alcon acquired worldwide marketing rights to OPTRIN™ photosensitizer for ophthalmology uses. OPTRIN is a lutetium texaphyrin molecule being developed as a photosensitizer for the use in photodynamic therapy of retinal degeneration. Alcon will conduct and be responsible for all costs associated with its worldwide development and regulatory submissions for ophthalmology uses of OPTRIN. In accordance with the terms of this agreement, the company received a non-refundable, up-front payment and may receive additional amounts based on Alcon reaching certain milestones, as well as royalties on any future product sales. The company is required to supply Alcon with bulk drug substance. Alcon is responsible for formulation and packaging of finished products.

Nycomed Collaboration. In October 1997, the company entered into an agreement with Nycomed Imaging A/S, in which Nycomed acquired exclusive sales and marketing rights to LUTRIN™ photosensitizer for cancer treatments in all markets of the world excluding the United States, Canada and Japan. LUTRIN is a lutetium texaphyrin molecule being developed as a photosensitizer for use in the photodynamic therapy of cancer. In exchange for these rights, Nycomed agreed to pay the company up to approximately $14.0 million as a combination of license fees, a portion of the company's development costs, based upon an agreed budget, and milestone payments related to the initial cancer treatments for LUTRIN to be developed by the company and Nycomed, in each case subject to attainment of certain development, clinical or commercialization milestones. Nycomed agreed to bear a portion of the device and clinical development costs required for regulatory submission for product approval in the United States. Upon receipt of marketing approval by Nycomed for any products developed pursuant to this agreement, Nycomed would have paid the company a royalty on any future product sales. The company was required to supply Nycomed with bulk drug substance and Nycomed was required to produce finished product for use by it and the company. In May 2001, the company and Nycomed terminated this agreement. Pursuant to the termination agreement, Pharmacyclics reacquired all its rights from Nycomed to develop and market LUTRIN and Nycomed agreed to make a non-recurring termination payment to Pharmacyclics of $2,750,000. The termination payment was recorded as revenue in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001 as the company has no further performance obligation under the termination agreement.

 

Note 3 - Balance Sheet Components:

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):

                                                         June 30,
                                                    --------------------
                                                      2001       2000
                                                    ---------  ---------
Equipment ........................................ $   6,355  $   4,964
Leasehold improvements ...........................     3,870      2,853
Furniture and fixtures ...........................     1,100        669
                                                    ---------  ---------
                                                      11,325      8,486
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ...    (6,151)    (4,690)
                                                    ---------  ---------
                                                   $   5,174  $   3,796
                                                    =========  =========

Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


                                                         June 30,
                                                    --------------------
                                                      2001       2000
                                                    ---------  ---------
Employee compensation ............................ $    1756  $     664
Other ............................................       105        100
                                                    ---------  ---------
                                                   $   1,861  $     764
                                                    =========  =========

Note 4 - Stockholders' Equity:

Common stock

In September and October 1999, the company sold a total of 2,645,000 shares of its common stock at $38.75 per share resulting in net cash proceeds of approximately $96.1 million. In March 2000, the company sold 820,000 shares of unregistered common stock to four purchasers in a private placement. The shares were sold at $73.25 per share, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately $57.6 million. The company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 related to these shares, which was declared effective on April 11, 2000.

Preferred stock

As amended, the company's Certificate of Incorporation authorizes 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. The Board of Directors is authorized to issue the preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, without further vote or action by the stockholders.

The ability of the company's Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock without stockholder approval, and the adoption of a stockholder rights plan, may alone or in combination have certain anti-takeover effects. The company is also subject to provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which may make certain business combinations more difficult.

Shareholder rights plan

In April 1997, the Board of Directors approved a shareholder rights plan under which stockholders of record on May 1, 1997 received a right to purchase (a "Right") one one-hundredth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share (the "Series A Preferred Stock"), at an exercise price of $125 per one one-hundredth of a share, subject to adjustment. The Rights will separate from the common stock and Rights certificates will be issued and will become exercisable upon the earlier of (i) 10 business days following a public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the company's outstanding common stock or (ii) 10 business days or such later date as may be determined by a majority of the Board of Directors following the commencement of, or announcement of, an intention to make a tender offer or exchange offer, the consummation of which would result in the beneficial ownership by a person or group of 15% or more of the outstanding common stock of the Company. The Rights expire at the close of business on April 30, 2007. The company has designated 120,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in connection with this plan.

Warrants

In connection with the company's initial public offering during 1995, outstanding warrants to purchase shares of preferred stock were converted into warrants to purchase shares of common stock. In fiscal 1998, holders of all of the warrants granted in July 1995 elected "net issue exercises" at an average market price of $24.15 per share, resulting in the issuance of 80,033 shares of common stock and the cancellation of warrants to purchase 44,465 shares of common stock. In fiscal 1999, warrants for 45,661 shares were exercised. At June 30, 2001, there are no outstanding warrants.

Stock option plans

1992 Stock Option Plan. The 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "1992 Plan"), as amended, authorizes the Board of Directors to grant incentive stock options and non-statutory stock options to employees, directors and consultants to purchase up to 1,233,334 shares of common stock. Under the 1992 Plan, incentive stock options are granted at a price not less than 100% of the estimated fair value of the stock on the date of grant, as determined by the Board of Directors. Nonqualified stock options are granted at a price not less than 85% of the estimated fair value of the stock on the date of grant, as determined by the Board of Directors. To date, all options granted under the 1992 Plan have been granted at 100% of the estimated fair value of the common stock as determined by the Board of Directors.

Generally, options granted under the 1992 Plan are exercisable on and after the date of grant, subject to the company's right to repurchase from the optionee, at the optionee's original cost per share, any unvested shares which the optionee has purchased and holds in the event the optionee attempts to dispose of such shares or in the event of the optionee's termination of employment with or without cause. The company's right to repurchase lapses as the shares become vested. Generally, shares subject to options granted under the 1992 Plan vest at the rate of 1/4th of the shares on the first anniversary of the grant date of the option, and an additional 1/48th of the shares upon completion of each succeeding month of continuous employment thereafter. Options are exercisable for a period of ten years.

1995 Stock Option Plan. The company's 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "1995 Plan") was adopted by the Board of Directors in August 1995. The 1995 Plan authorizes for issuance 3,464,278 shares of common stock. Beginning on January 1, 1996, the 1995 Plan also allows for an annual increase to the number of shares available for issuance equal to 1% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the preceding calendar year, not to exceed 500,000 shares per year. Shares of common stock subject to outstanding options that expire or terminate prior to exercise will be available for future issuance under the 1995 Plan.

Under the 1995 Plan, employees, non-employee members of the Board of Directors (other than those serving as members of the Compensation Committee) and independent consultants may, at the discretion of the plan administrator, be granted options to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price not less than 85% of the fair market value of such shares on the grant date. Non-employee members of the Board of Directors will also be eligible for automatic option grants under the company's 1995 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan. Generally, shares subject to options under the 1995 Plan vest over a five-year period and are exercisable for a period of ten years.

In the event the company is acquired by merger, consolidation or asset sale, options outstanding under the 1995 Plan will immediately vest in full, except to the extent the options are assumed by the acquiring entity. Any assumed options will accelerate upon the optionee's involuntary termination within 18 months following the acquisition. The Compensation Committee also has discretion to provide for the acceleration of one or more outstanding options under the 1995 Plan and the vesting of shares subject to outstanding options upon the occurrence of certain hostile tender offers. Such accelerated vesting may be conditioned upon the subsequent termination of the affected optionee's service. The Board may amend or modify the 1995 Plan at any time. The 1995 Plan will terminate on August 1, 2005, unless terminated earlier by the Board.

1995 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan. The Company's 1995 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan (the "Directors Plan"), was adopted by the Board of Directors on August 2, 1995. Automatic option grants are made at periodic intervals to eligible non-employee Board members under the Directors Plan. The Directors Plan became effective as of the effective date of the Company's initial public offering. A total of 246,667 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Directors Plan.

Each individual first elected or appointed as a non-employee Board member will automatically be granted, on the date of such election or appointment, a non-statutory option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock vesting over five years. In addition, on the date of each annual stockholders meeting each individual who is to continue to serve as a non-employee Board member after that annual meeting and has been a member of the Board for at least six months will automatically be granted a non-statutory option to purchase 5,000 shares of common stock, vesting in equal monthly installments for one year after the grant date. There will be no limit on the number of such annual 5,000-share option grants any one non-employee Board member may receive over his or her period of continued Board service. The exercise price per share of each automatic option grant will be equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the automatic grant date. Each automatic option will be immediately exercisable; however, any shares purchased upon exercise of the option will be subject to repurchase should the optionee's service as a non-employee Board member cease prior to vesting in the shares. Each 10,000-share grant will vest in five equal and successive annual installments over the optionee's period of Board service. Each 5,000-share grant will vest in twelve equal and successive monthly installment over the optionee's period of Board service.

In the event of the Board member's death or permanent disability or in the event the company is acquired by a merger or asset sale and in the event of certain hostile tender offers, each outstanding option will become fully vested. Upon the acquisition of 50% or more of the company's outstanding voting stock pursuant to a hostile tender offer, each automatic option grant outstanding for at least six months may be surrendered automatically or be cancelled in exchange for cash distribution to the Board member based upon the tender offer price. The Directors Plan will terminate on August 1, 2005.

The following table summarizes activity under the company's stock option plans (in thousands, except per share amounts):


                                              Options Outstanding
                                             ---------------------
                                                         Weighted
                                                          Average
                                                         Exercise
                                   Shares                  Price
                                  Available                 Per
                                  for Grant    Number      Share
                                 ----------- ----------  ---------
Authorized .....................      1,000         --  $      --
Granted ........................       (480)       480       0.19
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1993 .......        520        480       0.19
Exercised ......................         --       (324)      0.12
Granted ........................       (167)       167       2.22
Canceled .......................          8         (8)      0.11
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1994 .......        361        315       1.37
Exercised ......................         --        (39)      0.24
Granted ........................       (193)       193       3.75
Canceled .......................         38        (38)      1.82
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1995 .......        206        431       2.50
Authorized .....................        485         --         --
Exercised ......................         --        (92)      3.09
Granted ........................       (492)       492      10.03
Canceled .......................         11        (11)      6.11
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1996 .......        210        820       9.20
Authorized .....................        842         --         --
Exercised ......................         --        (96)      2.74
Granted ........................       (569)       569      16.69
Canceled .......................         31        (31)     12.21
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1997 .......        514      1,262      11.58
Authorized .....................        602         --         --
Exercised ......................         --        (89)      6.57
Granted ........................       (577)       577      25.33
Canceled .......................        158       (158)     15.41
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1998 .......        697      1,592      16.43
Authorized .....................        524         --         --
Exercised ......................         --        (75)      5.10
Granted ........................       (671)       671      19.25
Canceled .......................        221       (221)     20.37
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 1999 .......        771      1,967      17.38
Authorized .....................        681         --         --
Exercised ......................         --       (103)     13.88
Granted ........................       (723)       723      56.97
Canceled .......................         53        (53)     23.38
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 2000 .......        782      2,534      28.70
Authorized .....................        811         --         --
Exercised ......................         --        (94)     16.17
Granted ........................       (947)       947      36.80
Canceled .......................        114       (114)     45.70
                                 ----------- ----------
Balance at June 30, 2001 .......        760      3,273      29.78
                                 =========== ==========

A summary of outstanding and vested stock options as of June 30, 2001 is as follows:


                             Options Outstanding         Options Vested
                    --------------------------------- ---------------------
                                            Weighted              Weighted
                                Weighted     Average               Average
                                 Average    Exercise              Exercise
                      Number    Remaining     Price     Number      Price
     Range of           of     Contractual     Per        of         Per
  Exercise Prices     Shares      Life        Share     Shares      Share
------------------- ---------- -----------  --------- ----------  ---------
$0.075 - $7.50 ....   306,903        3.77  $    6.09    306,903  $    6.09
 12.000 - 17.63....   505,952        6.65      16.31    264,248      15.72
 17.75 -19.75......   315,364        5.71      18.53    268,784      18.32
 20.25 - 24.25.....   322,645        7.24      22.45    187,203      22.47
 26.125 - 27.51....   893,975        8.99      27.36    135,584      26.99
 28.125 - 51.625...   382,034        9.21      40.56     55,780      38.63
 58.063 - 58.063...   466,013        8.94      58.06     96,604      58.06
 66.125 - 78.125...    80,050        8.69      76.83     26,355      77.21
                    ----------                        ----------
                    3,272,936        7.27      29.78  1,341,461      21.33
                    ==========                        ==========

Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Purchase Plan") in August 1995. Qualified employees may elect to have a certain percentage of their salary withheld to purchase shares of the company's common stock under the Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share is equal to 85% of the fair market value of the stock on specified dates. The company has reserved 100,000 shares of common stock under the Purchase Plan. Sales under the Purchase Plan in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999 were 15,386, 11,213 and 13,643 shares of common stock at an average price of $27.89, $25.62 and $12.77 per share, respectively. Shares available for future purchase under the Purchase Plan are 26,450 at June 30, 2001. The Purchase Plan will terminate in October 2005.

 

Pro forma disclosure

The weighted average estimated grant date fair value, as defined by SFAS 123, for options granted under the company's stock option plans during fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $23.43, $40.84 and $13.74 per share, respectively. The weighted average estimated grant date fair value of purchase awards under the company's Purchase Plan during fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $21.09, $18.06 and $13.46, respectively. The estimated grant date fair values were calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model.

The following assumptions are included in the estimated grant date fair value calculations for the company's stock option and purchase awards:

                                              Year Ended June 30,
                                        -----------------------------
                                          2001       2000      1999
                                        ---------  --------  --------
Stock option plans:
  Expected dividend yield ............         0 %       0 %       0 %
  Expected stock price volatility ....        84 %      81 %      86 %
  Risk free interest rate ............      5.21 %    6.37 %    5.15 %
  Expected life (years) ..............      5.65      5.61      5.10

Stock purchase plan:
  Expected dividend yield ............         0 %       0 %       0 %
  Expected stock price volatility ....        81 %      81 %      86 %
  Risk free interest rate ............      6.42 %    6.25 %    4.68 %
  Expected life (years) ..............      2.00      2.00      1.28

Pro forma net loss and net loss per share

Had the company recorded stock compensation cost based on the estimated grant date fair value, as defined by SFAS 123, for awards granted under its stock option plans and stock purchase plan, the company's net loss and net loss per share would have been increased to the pro forma amounts below (in thousands, except per share amounts):


                                             Year Ended June 30,
                                        -----------------------------
                                          2001       2000      1999
                                        ---------  --------  --------
Net loss:
  As reported ........................ $ (30,925) $(23,630) $(19,246)
  Pro forma ..........................   (41,678)  (29,060)  (22,500)
Net loss per share:
  As reported ........................ $   (1.92) $  (1.60) $  (1.55)
  Pro forma ..........................     (2.59)    (1.97)    (1.82)

Such pro forma disclosures may not be representative of the pro forma effect in future years because options vest over several years and additional grants may be made each year.



Note 5 - Income Taxes:

Deferred tax assets are summarized as follows (in thousands):


                                             June 30,
                                        -------------------
                                          2001       2000
                                        ---------  --------
Net operating loss carryforwards ..... $  43,297  $ 32,607
Tax credit carryforwards .............     7,586     5,291
Capitalized start-up and R&D costs ...     1,937       637
Depreciation and amortization.........       529       209
Reserves and accruals.................     2,172       386
                                        ---------  --------
Gross deferred tax assets ............    55,521    39,130
Less valuation allowance .............   (55,521)  (39,130)
                                        ---------  --------
Net deferred tax assets .............. $      --  $     --
                                        =========  ========

A full valuation allowance has been established for the company's deferred tax assets at June 30, 2001 since realization of such assets through the generation of future taxable income is uncertain.

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount determined by applying the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the loss before income taxes as summarized below (in thousands):


                                             Year Ended June 30,
                                        -----------------------------
                                          2001       2000      1999
                                        ---------  --------  --------
Tax benefit at statutory rate ........ $  10,824  $  8,271  $  6,736

Net operating loss carryforward for
  which no benefit was available......   (10,824)   (8,271)   (6,736)
                                        ---------  --------  --------
                                       $      --  $     --  $     --
                                        =========  ========  ========

At June 30, 2001, the company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $118.8 million and $50.0 million, respectively, and federal and state tax credit carryforwards of $5.3 million and $3.4 million, respectively, available to offset future taxable income. These amounts expire at various times through 2021.

Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the amounts of and the benefit from net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards that can be carried forward may be impaired or limited in certain circumstances. These circumstances include, but are not limited to, a cumulative stock ownership change of greater than 50%, as defined, over a three year period. As a result of ownership changes that have occurred in the past, management believes that utilization of the company's net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards is subject to certain annual limitations.



Note 6 - Commitments:

The company leases its facilities under non-cancelable operating leases that expire in fiscal 2004.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

                                                   Minimum
                                                    Lease
                                                   Payments
                                                   --------
Year Ending June 30,
-------------------------------------------------
2002............................................. $  2,848
2003.............................................    3,486
2004.............................................    2,163
                                                   --------
                                                  $  8,497
                                                   ========

Rent expense for the years ended June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $1,174,000, $731,000 and $457,000, respectively, and $4,174,000 for the period from inception (April 1991) through June 30, 2001. The terms of one facility lease provides for rental payments on a graduated scale. The company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period and has accrued for rent expense incurred but not paid at June 30, 2001.



Note 7 - Quarterly Results (Unaudited)

The following table is in thousands, except per share amounts:



                                                            Quarter Ended
                                        --------------------------------------------------------
                                        September 30,   December 31,   March 31,      June 30,
                                        ------------    ------------  ------------  ------------
Fiscal 2001                                                                                     

Revenues ............................. $        110    $        229  $         70  $      2,712
Loss from operations .................      (11,163)        (10,556)       (9,233)      (10,449)
Net loss .............................       (8,215)         (7,877)       (6,639)       (8,194)

Basic and diluted net loss per share . $      (0.51)   $      (0.49) $      (0.41) $      (0.51)

Shares used in computation of basic
   and diluted net loss per share ....       16,031          16,062        16,093        16,116



                                                            Quarter Ended
                                        --------------------------------------------------------
                                        September 30,   December 31,   March 31,      June 30,
                                        ------------    ------------  ------------  ------------
Fiscal 2000                                                                                     

Revenues ............................. $        135    $      1,168  $        125  $        176
Loss from operations .................       (4,312)(1)      (7,286)       (9,471)      (10,326)
Net loss .............................       (3,642)         (5,407)       (7,251)       (7,330)

Basic and diluted net loss per share . $      (0.29)   $      (0.36) $      (0.47) $      (0.46)

Shares used in computation of basic
   and diluted net loss per share ....       12,512          15,072        15,342        15,979


(1) Loss from operations was reduced by a credit to research and development expense of $3,540,000 associated with the termination of one of our manufacturing development and supply agreements.



Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not Applicable.

 

PART III

 

Item 10.   Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

The information required by this Item 10 (with respect to Directors) is hereby incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Election of Directors" contained in the Company's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days from the end of the Company's last fiscal year in connection with the solicitation of proxies for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on October 31, 2001, (the "Proxy Statement"). The required information concerning MANAGEMENT - Directors and Executive Officers is contained in Item 1, Part 1, of this Form 10-K under the caption "Executive Officers and Directors" on pages 26 through 28.

The information required by Section 16(a) is hereby incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934" in the Proxy Statement.


 

Item 11.   Executive Compensation

The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Election of Directors, Summary of Cash and Certain Other Compensation, Stock Options, Exercises and Holdings" in the Proxy Statement.

 

Item 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The information required by this Item 12 is incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Stock Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners" in the Proxy Statement.

 

Item 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions" in the Proxy Statement.


PART IV

Item 14.   Financial Statements, Financial Statement Schedules, Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

(a) 1. Financial Statements

See Index to Financial Statements under Item 8 on page 36.

(a) 2. Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or are not required or the information required to be set forth therein is included in the consolidated financial statement or notes thereto.

(b) Reports on Form 8-K

None.

(c) Exhibits

The following documents are referenced or included in this report.

Exhibit Number

Description

3.1

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997)

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

3.3

Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of the Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997)

4.1

Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement between the Company and the investors specified therein dated July 31, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

4.2

Specimen Certificate of the Company's Common Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.1

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its directors and executive officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.2

Series C Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of June 13, 1994, between the Company and the investors specified therein (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.3

Investment Agreement dated as of July 31, 1995, between the Company and the investors specified therein (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.4

Form of Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Warrant dated as of July 31, 1995, issued by the Company to the investors listed on Schedule A thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.5

Master Lease and Warrant Agreements entered into between the Company and Comdisco, Inc., dated as of July 22, 1992, July 30, 1992, March 31, 1993, June 24, 1993, October 3, 1994, respectively (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.6*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and The University of Texas, Austin dated entered into on or about July 1, 1991 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.7*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and The University of Texas, Dallas dated as of July 1, 1992, as amended by the Patent License Agreement dated May 27, 1993 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.8*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and Stuart W. Young dated as of October 15, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.9

Lease Agreement entered into between the Company and New England Mutual Life Insurance Company dated as of June 17, 1993, as amended on July 22, 1993, and as further amended on March 1, 1994 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.10

Supply Agreement entered into between the Company and Glaxo Wellcome Company. (f/k/a Burroughs Wellcome Co.) dated as of March 1, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.11*

License Agreement entered into between the Company and Cook, Incorporated, dated as of April 4, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.12*

License and Supply Agreement entered into between the Company and E-Z-EM, Inc. dated as of August 7, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.13

The Company's 1995 Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.14

The Company's 1995 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.15

The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.16

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Richard A. Miller, M.D. dated as of June 10, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.17

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Marc L. Steuer dated as of October 31, 1994 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.18

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and William C. Dow, Ph.D., dated as of May 20, 1992, as amended by a letter agreement dated July 8, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.19

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Stuart W. Young, M.D. dated as of April 19, 1993 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.20

Promissory Notes issued by the Company to Stuart W. Young, M.D. dated as of September 1994 and April 1995, in the amounts of $65,000 and $30,000, respectively (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.21*

Master Process Development and Supply Agreement dated September 6, 1996 entered into between the Company and Hoechst Celanese Corporation (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996)

10.22

Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option generally to be used under the 1995 Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.23

Form of Stock Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.24

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Limited Stock Appreciate Right) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.25

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Special Tax Election) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.26

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Involuntary Termination following Change in Control) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.27

Form of Notice of Grant of Automatic Stock Option (Initial Grant) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.28

Form of Notice of Grant of Automatic Stock Option (Annual Grant) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.9 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.29

Form of Non-Employee Director Stock Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.10 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.30

Form of Employee Stock Purchase Plan Enrollment/Change Form (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.12 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.31

Form of Stock Purchase Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.13 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.32

Form of Special Officer Participation Form (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.33

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 11,1996, by and among the Company and the persons listed on Schedule 1 thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 333-22747)

10.34

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 21, 1997, by and among the Company and the persons listed on Schedule 1 thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 333-22747)

10.35

Form of Severance Agreement between the Company and certain executive officers (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.36*

Development, License and Commercialization Agreement, dated October 17, 1997, by and between the Company and Nycomed Imaging AS (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.37

Employment Agreement, dated October 14, 1997, by and between the Company and Michael J. Hensley, M.D. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.38

Employment Agreement, dated December 18, 1997, by and between the Company and Leiv Lea (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998)

10.39*

Evaluation and License Agreement, dated December 16, 1997, by and between Alcon Laboratories, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, Commission File No. 333-43621)

10.40

Employment agreement, dated March 11, 1998, by and between the Company and David A. Lowin (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.41

Employment agreement, dated May 28, 1998, by and between the Company and Hugo Madden (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.42*

Development and Supply Agreement dated June 16, 1998 entered into between the Company and Abbott Laboratories Inc (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.43

Termination Agreement, dated as of August 27, 1999, by and between Registrant and Celanese, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to an 8-K filed on September 3, 1999)

10.44*

Master Development and Supply Agreement, dated March 20, 2000 by and between Cook Imaging Corporation, D.B.A. Cook Pharmaceutical Solutions, and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000)

10.45

Employment agreement, dated March 23, 2000 by and between the Company and Cynthia J. Ladd (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2000.)

10.46

Employment agreement, dated July 10, 2000, by and between the Company and Jon R. Wallace (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000.)

10.47*

Supply Agreement, dated December 11, 2000 by and between Dixie Chemical Company and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2000.)

10.48*

Supply Agreement, dated December 18, 2000 by and between Lonza, AG and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2000.)

10.49

Lease and Lease Termination Agreement dated June 14, 2000 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

10.50

First Amendment to New Lease dated April 10, 2001 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

10.51

Second Amendment to New Lease dated June 29, 2001 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

23.1

Consent of Independent Accountants

24.1

Power of Attorney (see page 63)

__________

* Confidential treatment has been granted as to certain portions of this agreement.








SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the "Exchange Act") the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: September 7, 2001

  Pharmacyclics, Inc.

  By:  /s/ Richard A. Miller, M.D.
 
  Richard A. Miller, M.D.
  President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS,

that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints jointly and severally, Richard A. Miller and Leiv Lea, or either of them as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and very act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has executed this Power of Attorney as of the date indicated.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ RICHARD A. MILLER, M.D.
Richard A. Miller, M.D.
President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) September 7, 2001
/s/ LEIV LEA
Leiv Lea
Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial and Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) September 7, 2001
/s/ MILES R. GILBURNE
Miles R. Gilburne
Director September 7, 2001
/s/ LORETTA M. ITRI, M.D.
Loretta M. Itri, M.D.
Director September 7, 2001
/s/ RICHARD M. LEVY, PH.D.
Richard M. Levy, Ph.D.
Director September 7, 2001
/s/ WILLIAM R. ROHN
William R. Rohn
Director September 7, 2001
/s/ CRAIG C. TAYLOR
Craig C. Taylor
Director September 7, 2001







EXHIBITS INDEX

Exhibit Number

Description

3.1

Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997)

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

3.3

Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of the Company (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997)

4.1

Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement between the Company and the investors specified therein dated July 31, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

4.2

Specimen Certificate of the Company's Common Stock (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.1

Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its directors and executive officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.2

Series C Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of June 13, 1994, between the Company and the investors specified therein (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.3

Investment Agreement dated as of July 31, 1995, between the Company and the investors specified therein (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.4

Form of Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Warrant dated as of July 31, 1995, issued by the Company to the investors listed on Schedule A thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.5

Master Lease and Warrant Agreements entered into between the Company and Comdisco, Inc., dated as of July 22, 1992, July 30, 1992, March 31, 1993, June 24, 1993, October 3, 1994, respectively (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.6*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and The University of Texas, Austin dated entered into on or about July 1, 1991 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.7*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and The University of Texas, Dallas dated as of July 1, 1992, as amended by the Patent License Agreement dated May 27, 1993 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.8*

Patent License Agreement entered into between the Company and Stuart W. Young dated as of October 15, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.9

Lease Agreement entered into between the Company and New England Mutual Life Insurance Company dated as of June 17, 1993, as amended on July 22, 1993, and as further amended on March 1, 1994 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.10

Supply Agreement entered into between the Company and Glaxo Wellcome Company. (f/k/a Burroughs Wellcome Co.) dated as of March 1, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.11*

License Agreement entered into between the Company and Cook, Incorporated, dated as of April 4, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.12*

License and Supply Agreement entered into between the Company and E-Z-EM, Inc. dated as of August 7, 1995 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.13

The Company's 1995 Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.14

The Company's 1995 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.15

The Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.16

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Richard A. Miller, M.D. dated as of June 10, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.17

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Marc L. Steuer dated as of October 31, 1994 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.18

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and William C. Dow, Ph.D., dated as of May 20, 1992, as amended by a letter agreement dated July 8, 1992 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.19

Employment Agreement entered into between the Company and Stuart W. Young, M.D. dated as of April 19, 1993 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.20

Promissory Notes issued by the Company to Stuart W. Young, M.D. dated as of September 1994 and April 1995, in the amounts of $65,000 and $30,000, respectively (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 33-96048)

10.21*

Master Process Development and Supply Agreement dated September 6, 1996 entered into between the Company and Hoechst Celanese Corporation (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996)

10.22

Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Option generally to be used under the 1995 Stock Option Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.23

Form of Stock Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.24

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Limited Stock Appreciate Right) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 333-52881)

10.25

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Special Tax Election) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.26

Form of Addendum to Stock Option Agreement (Involuntary Termination following Change in Control) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.27

Form of Notice of Grant of Automatic Stock Option (Initial Grant) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.28

Form of Notice of Grant of Automatic Stock Option (Annual Grant) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.9 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.29

Form of Non-Employee Director Stock Option Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.10 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.30

Form of Employee Stock Purchase Plan Enrollment/Change Form (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.12 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.31

Form of Stock Purchase Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.13 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.32

Form of Special Officer Participation Form (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File No. 33-98514)

10.33

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 11,1996, by and among the Company and the persons listed on Schedule 1 thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 333-22747)

10.34

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 21, 1997, by and among the Company and the persons listed on Schedule 1 thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, Commission File No. 333-22747)

10.35

Form of Severance Agreement between the Company and certain executive officers (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.36*

Development, License and Commercialization Agreement, dated October 17, 1997, by and between the Company and Nycomed Imaging AS (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.37

Employment Agreement, dated October 14, 1997, by and between the Company and Michael J. Hensley, M.D. (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1997)

10.38

Employment Agreement, dated December 18, 1997, by and between the Company and Leiv Lea (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998)

10.39*

Evaluation and License Agreement, dated December 16, 1997, by and between Alcon Laboratories, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, Commission File No. 333-43621)

10.40

Employment agreement, dated March 11, 1998, by and between the Company and David A. Lowin (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.41

Employment agreement, dated May 28, 1998, by and between the Company and Hugo Madden (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.42*

Development and Supply Agreement dated June 16, 1998 entered into between the Company and Abbott Laboratories Inc (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999)

10.43

Termination Agreement, dated as of August 27, 1999, by and between Registrant and Celanese, Ltd. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to an 8-K filed on September 3, 1999)

10.44*

Master Development and Supply Agreement, dated March 20, 2000 by and between Cook Imaging Corporation, D.B.A. Cook Pharmaceutical Solutions, and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000)

10.45

Employment agreement, dated March 23, 2000 by and between the Company and Cynthia J. Ladd (Incorporated by reference to exhibit of the same number to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2000.)

10.46

Employment agreement, dated July 10, 2000, by and between the Company and Jon R. Wallace (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000.)

10.47*

Supply Agreement, dated December 11, 2000 by and between Dixie Chemical Company and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2000.)

10.48*

Supply Agreement, dated December 18, 2000 by and between Lonza, AG and the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2000.)

10.49

Lease and Lease Termination Agreement dated June 14, 2000 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

10.50

First Amendment to New Lease dated April 10, 2001 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

10.51

Second Amendment to New Lease dated June 29, 2001 by and between the Registrant and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

23.1

Consent of Independent Accountants

24.1

Power of Attorney (see page 63)

__________

* Confidential treatment has been granted as to certain portions of this agreement.