10-Q 1 f10qcitizens.htm f10qcitizens.htm




UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549

──────
FORM 10-Q
──────
 [X] Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012

or

[   ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to _____________

Commission File Number: 0-50576

CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Virginia
(State of incorporation or organization)
 
20-0469337
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
126 South Main Street
Blackstone, VA  23824
(434) 292-7221
 (Address and telephone number of principal executive offices)
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  R   No  £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  R   No  £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
 
Large accelerated filer
£
Accelerated filer
£
 
Non-accelerated filer
£
Smaller Reporting Company
R
 
(Do not check if smaller reporting company)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes  £    No  R

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:  2,312,047 shares of Common Stock as of May 4, 2012.
 



 
 

 

 
FORM 10-Q
 
For the Period Ended March 31, 2012
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Part I.    
Financial Information
Page No.
     
Item 1.
Financial Statements
 
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets
3
   
Consolidated Statements of Income
4
   
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
5
   
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
6
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
7
   
Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
8
     
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
 
 
    and Results of Operations
32
     
Item 4.     
Controls and Procedures
44
     
Part II.     
Other Information
 
     
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
45
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
45
     
Item 2.  
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
45
     
Item 3.
Defaults upon Senior Securities
46
     
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
46
     
Item 5.
Other Information
46
     
Item 6.
Exhibits
46
   
Signatures
47

 
2

 

Part I.  Financial Information
 
Item 1.  Financial Statements
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Assets
 
(Unaudited)
   
 
 
             
Cash and due from banks
  $ 6,528     $ 6,124  
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
    2,585       2,606  
Federal funds sold
    18,267       10,445  
Securities available for sale, at fair market value
    87,957       84,512  
Restricted securities, at cost
    933       933  
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $2,407
               
and $2,352
    195,649       197,363  
Premises and equipment, net
    6,746       6,790  
Accrued interest receivable
    1,615       1,635  
Other assets
    1,875       2,357  
Bank owned life insurance
    8,519       8,446  
Other real estate owned, net of valuation allowance of $45 in 2012
               
    and $191 in 2011
    7,325       7,430  
                 
Total assets
  $ 337,999     $ 328,641  
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
               
Liabilities
               
Deposits:
               
Noninterest-bearing
  $ 45,013     $ 37,079  
Interest-bearing
    234,408       234,518  
Total deposits
  $ 279,421     $ 271,597  
FHLB advances
    5,000       5,000  
Other borrowings
    7,017       6,009  
Accrued interest payable
    520       608  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
    3,788       3,581  
Total liabilities
  $ 295,746     $ 286,795  
                 
Commitments and Contingencies
    -       -  
                 
Stockholders' Equity
               
   Preferred stock, $0.50 par value; authorized 1,000,000 shares;
               
       none outstanding
  $ -     $ -  
Common stock, $0.50 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares;
               
issued and outstanding, 2,312,047 in 2012 and
    1,156       1,163  
2,326,242 in 2011
               
Retained earnings
    40,842       40,533  
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net
    255       150  
Total stockholders' equity
  $ 42,253     $ 41,846  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $ 337,999     $ 328,641  
                 
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
3

 
 
CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

             
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Interest and Dividend Income
           
  Loans, including fees
  $ 3,148     $ 3,241  
  Investment securities:
               
Taxable
    340       484  
Tax-exempt
    261       258  
  Federal Funds sold
    7       7  
  Other
    9       4  
Total interest and dividend income
  $ 3,765     $ 3,994  
                 
Interest Expense
               
  Deposits
  $ 693     $ 982  
  Other borrowings
    31       38  
Total interest expense
  $ 724     $ 1,020  
                 
      Net interest income
  $ 3,041     $ 2,974  
                 
Provision for loan losses
    75       150  
                 
Net interest income after provision
               
       for loan losses
  $ 2,966     $ 2,824  
                 
Noninterest Income
               
  Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 229     $ 239  
  Other-than-temporary impairment on securities
               
(no additional amounts were recognized in other
         
    comprehensive income)
    (28 )     -  
  Net gain on sales of loans
    42       14  
  Income from bank owned life insurance
    73       72  
  ATM fee income
    207       182  
  Other
    71       49  
Total noninterest income
  $ 594     $ 556  
                 
Noninterest Expense
               
  Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 1,403     $ 1,369  
  Net occupancy expense
    142       149  
  Equipment expense
    92       122  
  FDIC deposit insurance
    69       201  
  Net (gain) on sale of other real estate owned
    (99 )     (7 )
  Impairment - other real estate owned
    45       -  
  OREO expenses, net of rental income
    65       8  
  Other
    643       585  
Total noninterest expense
  $ 2,360     $ 2,427  
 
               
       Income before income taxes
  $ 1,200     $ 953  
                 
       Income taxes
    291       219  
                 
       Net income
  $ 909     $ 734  
Earnings per share, basic & diluted
  $ 0.39     $ 0.31  
                 
 

  See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
4

 


CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
             
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
             
Net income
  $ 909     $ 734  
Other comprehensive income:
               
  Unrealized gains on securities available
               
     for sale, net of deferred taxes of $55 and $226
  $ 87     $ 439  
  Add: reclassification adjustment on
               
     securities other-than-temporarily
               
     impaired, net of tax of ($10) and $0
    18       0  
Total other comprehensive income
  $ 105     $ 439  
                 
Comprehensive income
  $ 1,014     $ 1,173  
                 
                 
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
         

 
 

 

 
 
(The remainder of this page is blank, intentionally.)
 

 
5

 

 

CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
                         
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)
 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
 
                         
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                         
               
Accumulated
       
               
Other
       
               
Compre-
       
               
hensive
       
   
Common
   
Retained
   
Income
       
   
Stock
   
Earnings
   
(Loss)
   
Total
 
                         
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 1,177     $ 39,308     $ (848 )   $ 39,637  
   Net Income
    -       734       -       734  
     Other comprehensive income, net of taxes
    -       -       439       439  
Shares repurchased
    (3 )     (63 )     -       (66 )
Cash dividends declared ($0.17 per share)
    -       (399 )     -       (399 )
Balance at March 31, 2011
  $ 1,174     $ 39,580     $ (409 )   $ 40,345  
                                 
                                 
Balance at December 31, 2011
  $ 1,163     $ 40,533     $ 150     $ 41,846  
   Net income
    -       909       -       909  
     Other comprehensive income, net of taxes
    -       -       105     $ 105  
Shares repurchased
    (7 )     (207 )     -       (214 )
Cash dividends declared ($0.17 per share)
    -       (393 )     -       (393 )
Balance at March 31, 2012
  $ 1,156     $ 40,842     $ 255     $ 42,253  
                                 
 

 
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
6

 

 

CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
           
  Net Income
  $ 909     $ 734  
  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
               
     provided by operating activities:
               
         Depreciation
    120       271  
         Provision for loan losses
    75       150  
         Net (gain) on sales of loans
    (42 )     (14 )
         Origination of loans held for sale
    (2,691 )     (1,002 )
         Proceeds from sales of loans
    2,733       1,016  
         Other than temporary impairment of securities
    28       -  
         Net amortization of securities
    111       74  
         Impairment of other real estate owned
    45       -  
         Net (gain) on sale of other real estate owned
    (99 )     (7 )
         Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
             Decrease in accrued interest receivable
    20       109  
             Decrease in other assets
    354       35  
             (Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable
    (88 )     23  
             Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities
    207       541  
         Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 1,682     $ 1,930  
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
               
  Activity in available for sale securities:
               
         Calls and sales
  $ 1,036       3,125  
         Maturities and prepayments
    3,689       2,321  
         Purchases
    (8,149 )     (8,963 )
  Net decrease (increase) in loans
    1,243       (772 )
  Purchases of land, premises and equipment
    (68 )     (239 )
  Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned
    547       42  
         Net cash (used in) investing activities
  $ (1,702 )   $ (4,486 )
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
               
  Net increase (decrease) in deposits
  $ 7,824     $ (2,051 )
  Net increase in other borrowings
    1,008       1,365  
  Repurchase of common stock
    (214 )     (66 )
  Dividends paid
    (393 )     (399 )
         Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
  $ 8,225     $ (1,151 )
         Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  $ 8,205     $ (3,707 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents
               
  Beginning of period
    19,175       22,744  
  End of period
  $ 27,380     $ 19,037  
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
               
  Cash paid during the period for:
               
      Interest
  $ 812     $ 997  
      Income Taxes
  $ -     $ -  
Supplemental Disclosures of Noncash Investing and
               
   Financing Activities
               
      Other real estate acquired in settlement of loans
  $ 396     $ 135  
      Unrealized gains on securities available for sale
  $ 160     $ 665  
                 
 
 See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
 

 
7

 

 
Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
 
Note 1.    General
 
 
The Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, and the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q, and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for complete financial statements. However, in the opinion of Management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary to present fairly the financial position at March 31, 2012 and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. The statements should be read in conjunction with the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Citizens Bancorp of Virginia, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
 
Citizens Bancorp of Virginia, Inc. (the “Company”) is a one-bank holding company formed on December 18, 2003.  The Company is the sole shareholder of its only subsidiary, Citizens Bank and Trust Company (the “Bank”).  The Bank conducts and transacts the general business of a commercial bank as authorized by the banking laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia and the rules and regulations of the Federal Reserve System.   The Bank was incorporated in 1873 under the laws of Virginia.  Deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.  As of March 31, 2012 the Bank employed 108 full-time employees. The address of the principal offices for the Company and the main office of the Bank is 126 South Main Street, Blackstone, Virginia, and all banking offices are located within the Commonwealth of Virginia.
 
 
 Note 2.   Securities
 
 
Investment decisions are made by the Management group of the Company and reflect the overall liquidity and strategic asset/liability objectives of the Company.  Management analyzes the securities portfolio frequently and manages the portfolio to provide an overall positive impact to the Company’s income statement, balance sheet and liquidity needs.  Securities available for sale are summarized below:
 
   
March 31, 2012
 
         
Gross
   
Gross
       
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Gains
   
(Losses)
   
Value
 
U.S. government and
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
     federal agency
  $ 10,467     $ 24     $ (19 )   $ 10,472  
State and municipal
    31,138       1,620       (38 )     32,720  
Agency mortgage-backed
    41,426       1,330       (18 )     42,738  
Non-agency mortgage-backed
    1,390       6       (225 )     1,171  
Corporate
    753       103       -       856  
Securities available for sale
  $ 85,174     $ 3,083     $ (300 )   $ 87,957  
                                 
 
 
8

 
   
December 31, 2011
 
         
Gross
   
Gross
       
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Gains
   
(Losses)
   
Value
 
U.S. government
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
   and federal agency
  $ 8,004     $ 35     $ (1 )   $ 8,038  
State and municipal
    31,029       1,519       (19 )     32,529  
Agency mortgage-backed
    40,456       1,272       (17 )     41,711  
Non-agency mortgage-backed
    1,647       -       (248 )     1,399  
Corporate
    753       82       -       835  
Securities available for sale
  $ 81,889     $ 2,908     $ (285 )   $ 84,512  
                                 
 
 
The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale by contractual maturity at March 31, 2012 follows. Maturities may differ from contractual maturities in mortgage-backed securities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be called or prepaid without any penalties.
 
   
Amortized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Maturing within one year
  $ 2,578     $ 2,593  
Maturing after one year through five years
    6,035       6,182  
Maturing after five years through ten years
    10,160       10,563  
Maturing after ten years
    23,585       24,710  
Agency mortgage-backed securities
    41,426       42,738  
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
    1,390       1,171  
Securities available for sale
  $ 85,174     $ 87,957  
                 

 
Information pertaining to securities with gross unrealized losses at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, is summarized as follows:
 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or More
 
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
March 31, 2012
 
Value
   
(Loss)
   
Value
   
(Loss)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
U.S. government
                       
and federal agency
  $ 4,945     $ (19 )   $ -     $ -  
State and municipal
    1,957       (38 )     -       -  
Agency mortgage-backed
    4,483       (18 )     -       -  
Non-agency mortgage-backed
    101       (1 )     783       (224 )
Total temporarily
                               
impaired securities
  $ 11,486     $ (76 )   $ 783     $ (224 )
                                 
 
 
9

 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
12 Months or More
 
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
December 31, 2011
 
Value
   
(Loss)
   
Value
   
(Loss)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
U.S. government
                       
and federal agency
  $ 999     $ (1 )   $ -     $ -  
State and municipal
    1,397       (15 )     503       (4 )
Agency mortgage-backed
    4,897       (17 )     -       -  
Non-agency mortgage-backed
    569       (3 )     830       (245 )
Total temporarily
                               
impaired securities
  $ 7,862     $ (36 )   $ 1,333     $ (249 )
                                 
 
Except as explained below, the unrealized losses in the investment portfolio as of March 31, 2012 are considered temporary and are a result of general market fluctuations that occur daily.  Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation.  Consideration is given to (1) the intent of the Company to sell the security, (2) whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, and (3) whether the Company expects to recover the securities entire amortized cost basis regardless of the Company’s intent to sell the security. With the exception of the Company’s investment in non-agency CMO securities, unrealized losses in the investment portfolio are considered temporary. The discussion regarding the OTTI analysis for the non-agency CMO securities is discussed below in greater detail.
 
 
In the Company’s Form 10-K report for December 31, 2011, management discussed its ongoing review of five non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations, also referred to as CMOs, four of which had credit agency ratings that were below investment grade as of December 31, 2011. Management’s analysis for the first quarter of 2012 was performed with reported data as of January 2012. This analysis indicated that four of the non-agency CMOs remain rated below investment grade, according to the Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s credit rating agencies. Management’s analysis also indicated that all five securities have made consistent monthly payments through January 31, 2012. As of January 31, 2012, the five securities showed a net unrealized loss of 14.3% of the $1.7 million book value, which is a decline of 140 basis points from the 12.9% net unrealized loss on $1.9 million of book value at October 31, 2011.
 
 
Management’s first quarter review of the non-agency CMO securities resulted in the conclusion that an additional impairment of $28,000 was needed for two of the securities due to a decline in credit quality and earlier than projected “date of first loss”, beyond the cumulative credit-related other-than-temporary-impairment (OTTI) write-down of $110,000 that has been recorded to date. Previously, management recorded a $60,000 write-down as of December 31, 2009, $40,000 as of June 30, 2011 and an additional $10,000 as of December 31, 2011. The data used for the stress testing model includes: the most current “delinquency pipeline” statistics, actual losses realized from the sale of foreclosed properties, and the level of borrower repayments that have been experienced over the life of the CMO security, to date. The credit-related other-than-temporary-impairment estimate of $138,000, which was computed by the stress testing model, is believed to be a conservative estimate of future losses in three of the five non-agency CMOs. There are a number of factors that management considers when determining a proper OTTI level for each of the CMOs, among them are: the projected date of first loss, the remaining credit support and coverage ratio for each CMO. Consideration is also given to general economic conditions that impact the borrowers and their homes, such as refinancing opportunities for jumbo mortgage borrowers, mortgage interest rates, home values, etc.
 
 
10

 
 
A roll-forward of the OTTI amount related to credit losses on debt securities for the period ended March 31, 2012 is as follows:
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
       
Cumulative credit losses recognized in earnings, through the
     
   beginning of the period
  $ 110  
         
Recognition of credit losses for which an OTTI was not
       
   previously recognized
    28  
         
Cumulative credit losses recognized in earnings, through the
       
   beginning of the period
  $ 138  
         
 
 
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
 
The Bank’s investment in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock totaled $777 thousand at March 31, 2012. FHLB stock is generally viewed as a long-term restricted investment security which is carried at cost, because there is no market for the stock other than for the FHLB or member institutions. Therefore, when evaluating FHLB stock for impairment, its value is based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The Company does not consider this investment to be other than temporarily impaired at March 31, 2012 and no impairment has been recognized on the Federal Home Loan Bank stock.
 
Note  3.           Loans
 
The loan portfolio was composed of the following:
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential Real Estate:
           
   1-4 family
  $ 85,055     $ 86,073  
   Home equity
    12,713       13,068  
Commercial Real Estate:
               
   Owner occupied
    22,767       23,203  
   Non-owner occupied
    30,332       29,595  
Farmland
    9,788       9,782  
Construction
    16,563       15,939  
        Total real estate
    177,218       177,660  
                 
Commercial & industrial loans
    13,219       13,700  
Consumer loans
    7,619       8,355  
        Total loans
  $ 198,056     $ 199,715  

 
Loan Origination
 
The Company has certain lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and the Board of Directors approve these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management and the Board with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and non-performing and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions.
 
The Company has six loan portfolio level segments and eight loan class levels for reporting purposes.
 
The six loan portfolio level segments include:
 
 
 
11

 
 
 
 
·
Residential real estate loans are loans made to borrowers for the purchase of residential dwellings.
 
 
·
Commercial real estate loans are loans made to business entities for the purchase of real estate and buildings that will be used in the business.
 
 
·
Farmland loans are loans made to farming entities to acquire land used for agricultural purposes such as in the cultivation of crops or livestock.
 
 
·
Construction and land development loans are loans made to individuals or developers in order to construct homes, develop raw land into buildable acreage, or for commercial construction purposes.
 
 
 
·
Commercial and industrial loans are loans made to small and medium-sized businesses for any number of reasons especially working capital. Loans are typically secured by inventory, business equipment, furniture or receivables and they are frequently guaranteed by principals of the business.
 
 
·
Consumer loans are loans made to individuals and the loans may be secured by personal property or be unsecured.
 
Residential real estate loans, including home equity loans and lines of credit, are subject to underwriting standards that are heavily influenced by statutory requirements, which include, but are not limited to, a maximum loan-to-value percentage of 80%, debt-to-income ratios, credit history, collection remedies, the number of such loans a borrower can have at one time and documentation requirements. The Company tracks the concentrations in 1-4 family loans secured by a first deed of trust and home equity loans and lines of credit separately.   While many of the statutory requirements are for the protection of the consumer, underwriting standards aid at mitigating the risks to the Company by setting acceptable loan-approval standards that marginal borrowers may not meet. Additional risk mitigating factors include: residential real estate typically serves as a borrower’s primary residence which encourages timely payments and the avoidance of foreclosure, the average dollar amount of a loan is typically less than that of a commercial real estate loan, and there are a large number of loans which help to diversify the risk potential.
 
Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans, in addition to those of real estate loans. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally largely dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse in terms of type and geographic location. This diversity helps reduce the Company’s exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single market or industry.  Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. Management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans versus non-owner occupied loans. At March 31, 2012, approximately 42.88% of the outstanding principal balance of the Company’s commercial real estate loans was secured by owner-occupied properties. This is a decrease from 43.95% at December 31, 2011.
 
Farmland loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial real estate loans. The loans are considered primarily on the borrower’s ability to make payments originating primarily from the cash flow of the business and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.
 
With respect to construction, land and land development loans that are secured by non-owner occupied properties, the Company generally requires the borrower to have had an existing relationship with the Company and have a proven record of success. Construction loans are underwritten with independent appraisal reviews, lease rates and financial analysis of the borrowers. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing.
 
 
12

 
Commercial and industrial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower’s ability to operate profitably and prudently expand its business. Underwriting standards are designed to promote relationship banking rather than transactional banking. Once it is determined that the borrower’s management possesses sound ethics and solid business acumen, the Company’s management examines current and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay their obligations as agreed. Commercial and industrial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.
 
To monitor and manage consumer loan risk, policies and procedures are developed and modified by credit administration and senior management. This activity, coupled with relatively small loan amounts that are spread across many individual borrowers, minimizes risk. Underwriting standards for home equity loans are heavily influenced by statutory requirements, which include, but are not limited to, a maximum loan-to-value percentage, debt-to-income ratios, credit history, and the number of such loans a borrower can have at one time.
 
The Company maintains a credit review department that reviews and validates the credit risk program on a periodic basis. In addition, the Company’s Audit and Risk Management Committee contracts with an independent loan review consulting firm the work of reviewing, among other things, loan relationships exceeding $250,000, a sample of loans underwritten within the authority of loan officers, and the risk grading of criticized and classified assets with a balance in excess of $100,000. The firm provides a report to the Audit and Risk Management Committee upon the completion of their annual review. The loan review process complements and reinforces the risk identification and assessment decisions made by lenders and credit personnel, as well as the Company’s policies and procedures.
 
Concentrations of Credits
 
Most of the Company’s lending activity occurs within the Commonwealth of Virginia, more specifically within the South-Central Virginia markets that include Richmond. The majority of the Company’s loan portfolio consists of residential and commercial real estate loans. A substantial portion of its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts and the Company’s ability to realize the value of any underlying collateral, if needed, is influenced by the economic conditions in this market. As of March 31, 2012, there were no concentrations of commercial real estate loans related to any individual purpose that was in excess of 6.31% of total loans.
 
Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
 
All loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due in accordance with the contractual terms of the underlying loan agreement. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory provisions. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against interest income. Interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received in excess of principal due. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
 
Aging and nonaccrual loans, by individual loan class, as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
 
13

 
 
   
Loans
   
Loans
                     
Accruing Loans
       
   
30 - 89 Days
   
Loans 90 or
More Days
   
Total Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
   
90 or More
Days
   
Nonaccrual
 
At March 31, 2012
 
Past Due
   
Past Due
   
Loans
   
Loans
   
Loans
   
Loans 1
   
Loans 1
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
 
    1-4 family
  $ 1,622     $ 570     $ 2,192     $ 82,863     $ 85,055     $ -     $ 1,347  
    Home equity
    8       49       57       12,656       12,713       -       362  
Commercial Real Estate
                                                       
    Owner occupied
    243       11       254       22,513       22,767               11  
    Non-owner occupied
    142       35       177       30,155       30,332               35  
Farmland
    -       4       4       9,784       9,788       -       4  
Construction
    210       211       421       16,142       16,563       -       303  
Total real estate
    2,225       880       3,105       174,113       177,218       -       2,062  
Commercial and industrial
    22       116       138       13,081       13,219       -       116  
Consumer
    45       30       75       7,544       7,619       -       41  
                                                         
           Total loans
  $ 2,292     $ 1,026     $ 3,318     $ 194,738     $ 198,056     $ -     $ 2,219  
 
   
Loans
   
Loans
                     
Accruing Loans
       
   
30 - 89 Days
   
Loans 90 or
More Days
   
Total Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
   
90 or More
Days
   
Nonaccrual
 
At December 31, 2011
 
Past Due
   
Past Due
   
Loans
   
Loans
   
Loans
   
Loans 1
   
Loans 1
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
 
    1-4 family
  $ 1,698     $ 1,017     $ 2,715     $ 83,358     $ 86,073     $ -     $ 1,170  
    Home equity
    86       49       135       12,933       13,068       -       49  
Commercial Real Estate
                                                       
    Owner occupied
    7       13       20       23,183       23,203       -       13  
    Non-owner occupied
    -       468       468       29,127       29,595       -       468  
Farmland
    -       5       5       9,777       9,782       -       5  
Construction
    94       214       308       15,631       15,939       -       214  
Total real estate
    1,885       1,766       3,651       174,009       177,660       -       1,919  
Commercial and industrial
    27       118       145       13,555       13,700       -       118  
Consumer
    115       20       135       8,220       8,355       -       49  
                                                         
           Total loans
  $ 2,027     $ 1,904     $ 3,931     $ 195,784     $ 199,715     $ -     $ 2,086  
 
1Accruing loans 90 or more days past due and nonaccrual loans are included in the aging and current loan columns of the tables based on their contractual payments above.
 
Impaired Loans
 
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. Impairment is evaluated in total for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature and on an individual loan basis for other loans. If a loan is impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, which represents either the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loans existing rate or the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible.
 
 
14

 
Impaired loans, by class, as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are shown in the tables below:
 
   
Loans
                         
At March 31, 2012
 
Unpaid Contractual
   
Total
         
Average
   
Interest
 
With no related allowance
 
Principal
Balance
   
Recorded Investment
   
Related Allowance
   
Recorded Investment
   
Income 
Recognized
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
       
    1-4 family
  $ 584     $ 584     $ -     $ 591     $ 10  
    Home equity
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
    Owner occupied
    43       11       -       11       1  
    Non-owner occupied
    80       32       -       35       1  
Farmland
    1,380       1,377       -       1,377       26  
Construction
    94       87       -       88       2  
Commercial and industrial
    110       107       -       106       2  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 2,291     $ 2,198     $ -     $ 2,208     $ 42  
With an allowance recorded
                                       
Residential Real Estate:
                                       
    1-4 family
  $ 340     $ 331     $ 106     $ 332     $ 6  
    Home equity
    350       349       116       349       1  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
    Owner occupied
    -       -       -       -       -  
    Non-owner occupied
    -       -       -       -       -  
Farmland
    -       -       -       -       -  
Construction
    127       125       37       125       3  
Commercial and industrial
    13       10       5       10       -  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 830     $ 815     $ 264     $ 816     $ 10  
Total impaired loans1
                                       
Residential Real Estate:
                                       
    1-4 family
  $ 924     $ 915     $ 106     $ 923     $ 16  
    Home equity
    350       349       116       349       1  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
        Owner occupied
    43       11       -       12       1  
        Non-owner occupied
    80       32       -       35       1  
Farmland
    1,380       1,377       -       1,377       26  
Construction
    221       212       37       212       5  
Commercial and industrial
    123       117       5       116       2  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 3,121     $ 3,013     $ 264     $ 3,024     $ 52  
                                         
 
 
15

 
 
   
Loans
                         
At December 31, 2011
 
Unpaid Contractual
   
Total
         
Average
   
Interest
 
With no related allowance
 
Principal
Balance
   
Recorded Investment
   
Related Allowance
   
Recorded Investment
   
Income 
Recognized
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
       
    1-4 family
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
    Home equity
    301       300       -       300       10  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
    Owner occupied
    43       13       -       101       10  
    Non-owner occupied
    85       35       -       41       5  
Farmland
    1,382       1,377       -       1,381       104  
Construction
    307       302       -       330       23  
Commercial and industrial
    282       279       -       280       8  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 2,400     $ 2,306     $ -     $ 2,433     $ 160  
With an allowance recorded
                                       
Residential Real Estate:
                                       
    1-4 family
  $ 176     $ 168     $ 88     $ 304     $ 21  
    Home equity
    50       49       4       49       2  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
    Owner occupied
    -       -       -       -       -  
    Non-owner occupied
    446       427       14       442       35  
Farmland
    -       -       -       -       -  
Construction
    127       125       38       127       10  
Commercial and industrial
    14       11       5       13       1  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 813     $ 780     $ 149     $ 935     $ 69  
Total impaired loans1
                                       
Residential Real Estate:
                                       
    1-4 family
  $ 176     $ 168     $ 88     $ 304     $ 21  
    Home equity
    351       349       4       349       12  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                       
        Owner occupied
    43       13       -       101       10  
        Non-owner occupied
    531       462       14       483       40  
Farmland
    1,382       1,377       -       1,381       104  
Construction
    434       427       38       457       33  
Commercial and industrial
    296       290       5       293       9  
Consumer installment
    -       -       -       -       -  
           Total loans
  $ 3,213     $ 3,086     $ 149     $ 3,368     $ 229  
                                         
1 Troubled Debt Restructurings included in the impaired loan tables above at March 31, 2012
 
and December 31, 2011 totaled $139 thousand and $472 thousand respectively.
         
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings
 
As a result of adopting the amendments in ASU 2011-02 on July 1, 2011, the Company reassessed all loans that were renewed on or after January 1, 2011 for identification as a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). The Company identified as troubled debt restructurings certain loans for which impairment had previously been measured collectively within their homogeneous pool. Upon identifying those loans as TDRs, the Company identified them as impaired under the guidance in ASC 310-10-35. The amendments in ASU 2011-02 require prospective evaluation of the impairment measurement guidance for those receivables newly identified as impaired. The impact of this new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s non-performing assets, allowance for loan losses, earnings, or capital.
 
 
16

 
The Company considers troubled debt restructurings to be impaired loans. A modification of a loan’s terms constitutes a TDR if the creditor grants a concession to the borrower for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties that it would not otherwise consider. Included in the impaired loan disclosure above is a loan for $139 thousand that is considered to be a troubled debt restructuring as of March 31, 2012. Any loan that is considered to be a TDR is specifically evaluated for impairment in accordance with the Company’s allowance for loan loss methodology.
 
The following table provides a summary of modified loans that continue to accrue interest under the terms of the restructuring agreement, which are considered to be performing as of March 31, 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2012
 
                   
         
Pre
   
Post
 
   
Number of
   
Modification
   
Modification
 
   
Loans
   
Balance
   
Balance
 
Real estate loans:
                 
    1-4 family
    1     $ 174     $ 139  
    Home equity
    -       -       -  
Commercial real estate loans:
                       
         Owner occupied
    -       -       -  
         Non-owner occupied
    -       -       -  
    Farmland
    -       -       -  
    Construction
    -       -       -  
Total real estate loans
    1     $ 174     $ 139  
                         
Commercial and industrial
    -       -       -  
Consumer
    -       -       -  
                         
           Total loans
    1     $ 174     $ 139  
                         
 
 
The Company had no Troubled Debt Restructurings that were modified during the last twelve months that have gone into default under the restructured loan terms during the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
Credit Quality
 
The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to each of its commercial loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9. A description of the general characteristics of the 9 risk grades is as follows:
 
Grade 1 – “Excellent” This grade includes loans to borrowers with superior capacity to pay interest and principal. Foreseeable economic changes are unlikely to impair the borrowers’ strength. Typically, borrowers have an excellent organizational structure in place with highly regarded and experienced management.  Stable business, relatively unaffected by business, credit, or product cycles.  Business is significant in its market and has a well-defined market share. Borrower will have ready access to both public debt and equity markets under most conditions. Collateral is highly liquid, substantial margins are maintained, and primary/secondary sources of repayment are excellent.
 
Grade 2 – “Good” This grade includes loans to borrowers that represent a solid, demonstrated capacity to pay interest and principal, but material downturns in economic conditions may impact the borrowers’ financial condition. Typically, borrowers exhibit low levels of leverage and the overall capitalization of the company is deemed satisfactory. Trends for revenue, core profitability and financial ratios are consistently above average with industry peers. Cash flow adequately covers dividends/withdrawals, and historic debt service in excess of 1.5 times. Collateral coverage is greater
 
 
17

 
 
than 2.0 times or less than 50% loan-to-value ratio. Borrower has a stable, well-regarded and qualified management team in place, along with strong financial controls being evident. Normal industry stability, sales and profits are affected by business, credit or product cycles.  Market share is stable. Borrower has the capability to refinance with another institution.
 
Grade 3 – “Standard” This grade includes loans to borrowers which have historically demonstrated an above adequate capacity to repay forecasted principal and interest charges, with debt service coverage of 1.20 times based on at least two years of historical earnings. Borrowers have inherent, definable weaknesses; however the weaknesses are not necessarily uncommon to a particular business, loan type or industry. Changes in economic circumstances could have non-material immediate repercussions on the borrowers’ financial condition. Collateral support is deemed to be satisfactory based on appropriate discount factoring to allow a recovery sufficient to pay-off the debt. Collateral could be reasonably collected and/or liquidated in the general market. Additional collateral may be deemed an abundance of caution. Earnings are generally positive, subject to influences of current market conditions and distributions are reasonable in relation to the overall financial picture of the company. Guarantor support is deemed to be marginal as evidenced by personal assets, which probably could not support the business in full, if needed.
 
Grade 4 – “Acceptable” This grade includes loans to borrowers that will have inherent, definable weaknesses, however these weaknesses are not necessarily uncommon to a particular business, loan type, or industry. Economic changes could have negative repercussions on the financial condition. Borrowers overall financial position would indicate financing in the market is feasible, at rates and terms typical of current market conditions. Debt service coverage is deemed acceptable at 1.00 to 1.19 times on a combined basis for at least two years of historical earnings. Borrowers exhibit moderately high to high levels of leverage as noted against policy and Risk Management Association industry averages. Tangible net worth is marginally positive or even showing signs of a deficit net worth. Collateral support is deemed to be acceptable or even marginal, but not strong based on appropriate discounting, asset quality may be questionable given specific nature of assets, and often secondary non-business assets are required. Earnings are marginally positive or a trend of negative earnings is identified and distributions are considered to be in excess of reasonableness. Guarantor support is deemed to be marginal as evidenced by personal assets, which probably could not support the business in full if needed. Repayment history also shows a discernable level of delinquent payments.
 
Grade 5 – This grade includes loans on management’s “watch list” and is intended to be utilized on a temporary basis for pass grade borrowers where a significant risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near term.
 
Grade 6 – This grade is for “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” in accordance with regulatory guidelines. This grade is intended to be temporary and includes loans to borrowers whose credit quality has clearly deteriorated and are at risk of further decline unless active measures are taken to correct the situation.
 
Grade 7 – This grade includes “Substandard” loans, in accordance with regulatory guidelines, for which the accrual of interest may or may not have been stopped. This grade also includes loans where interest is more than 120 days past due and not fully secured and loans where a specific valuation allowance may be necessary, but does not exceed 30% of the principal balance.
 
Grade 8 – This grade includes “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are placed on nonaccrual status and may be dependent upon collateral having a value that is difficult to determine or upon some near-term event which lacks certainty. Additionally, these loans generally have a specific valuation allowance in excess of 30% of the principal balance.
 
Grade 9 – This grade includes “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are to be charged-off or charged-down when payment is acknowledged to be uncertain or when the timing or value of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan or some portion of it will never be repaid, nor does it in any way imply that there has been a forgiveness of debt.
 
 
18

 
 
The following tables present credit quality by loan class as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
 
               
Special
                         
At March 31, 2012
 
Pass
   
Watch
   
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Loss
   
Total
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
 
    1-4 family
  $ 77,349     $ 2,898     $ 1,747     $ 3,061     $ -     $ -     $ 85,055  
Home equity
    11,791       519       41       362       -       -       12,713  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                                       
Owner occupied
    19,881       1,687       1,188       11       -       -       22,767  
Non-owner occupied
    28,898       1,095       304       35       -       -       30,332  
Farmland
    7,402       516       494       1,376       -       -       9,788  
Construction
    15,530       485       246       230       72       -       16,563  
Total real estate loans
    160,851       7,200       4,020       5,075       72       -       177,218  
Commercial and industrial
    10,412       1,419       1,272       116       -       -       13,219  
Consumer
    7,536       15       7       61       -       -       7,619  
                                                         
Total loans
  $ 178,799     $ 8,634     $ 5,299     $ 5,252     $ 72     $ -     $ 198,056  
 
               
Special
                         
At December 31, 2011
 
Pass
   
Watch
   
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Loss
   
Total
 
Residential Real Estate:
 
(In thousands)
 
    1-4 family
  $ 77,397     $ 4,792     $ 1,312     $ 2,572     $ -     $ -     $ 86,073  
    Home equity
    12,139       537       43       349       -       -       13,068  
Commercial Real Estate:
                                                       
    Owner occupied
    20,722       1,167       1,301       13       -       -       23,203  
    Non-owner occupied
    27,578       1,495       60       462       -       -       29,595  
Farmland
    7,314       519       571       1,378       -       -       9,782  
Construction
    14,674       493       346       354       72       -       15,939  
    Total real estate loans
    159,824       9,003       3,633       5,128       72       -       177,660  
Commercial and industrial
    10,570       1,448       1,392       290       -       -       13,700  
Consumer
    8,255       19       7       74       -       -       8,355  
                                                         
           Total loans
  $ 178,649     $ 10,470     $ 5,032     $ 5,492     $ 72     $ -     $ 199,715  
 
 
Note 4.           Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans. The allowance, in the judgment of management, is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio. The Company’s allowance for loan loss methodology includes allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 310, “Receivables” and allowance allocations calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 450, “Contingencies.” Accordingly, the methodology is based on historical loss experience by loan segment and internal risk grade, specific homogeneous risk pools and specific loss allocations, with adjustments for current events and conditions. The Company’s process for determining the appropriate level of the allowance for possible loan losses is designed to account for credit deterioration as it occurs. The provision for loan losses reflects loan quality trends, including the levels of and trends related to nonaccrual loans, past due loans, potential problem loans, criticized loans and net charge-offs or recoveries, among other factors. The provision for loan losses also reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period. In other words, the amount of the provision reflects not only the necessary increases in the allowance for loan losses related to newly identified criticized loans, but it also reflects actions taken related to other loans including, among other things, any necessary increases or decreases in required allowances for specific loans or loan pools.
 
 
19

 
 
The level of the allowance reflects management’s continuing evaluation of industry concentrations, specific credit risks, loan loss experience, current loan portfolio quality, present economic, political and regulatory conditions and unidentified losses inherent in the current loan portfolio. Portions of the allowance may be allocated for specific credits; however, the entire allowance is available for any credit that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including, among other things, the performance of the Company’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications.
 
The Company's allowance for loan losses consists of three elements: (i) specific valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 310 based on probable losses on specific loans; (ii) historical valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 450 based on historical loan loss experience for similar loans with similar characteristics and trends, adjusted, as necessary, to reflect the impact of current conditions; and (iii) general valuation allowances determined in accordance with ASC Topic 450 based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. Provisions for loan losses increase the amount of the allowance based upon the above considerations. Amounts computed to produce an appropriate allowance amount in one period can subsequently be affected by any recoveries of previously charged-off amounts, which are credited to the allowance, and by the reduction of overall loan balances from one period to another. These events, as well as others, can result in producing an "unallocated reserve component" at the end of any period, which is not attributable to any specific loan segment.
 
The allowance established for probable losses on specific loans is based on a regular analysis and evaluation of problem loans. Commercial loans are classified based on an internal credit risk grading process that evaluates, among other things: (i) the obligor’s ability to repay; (ii) the underlying collateral, if any; and (iii) the economic environment and industry in which the borrower operates. This analysis is performed at the relationship manager level for all commercial loans. When a loan has a calculated grade of 7 or higher, the loan is analyzed to determine whether the loan is impaired and, if impaired, the need to specifically allocate a portion of the allowance for possible loan losses to the loan. Specific valuation allowances are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things.
 
The historical component is calculated based on the historical charge-off experience of loan segments. The Company calculates historical loss ratios for pools of similar loans with similar characteristics based on the proportion of actual charge-offs experienced to the total population of loans in the pool. The historical loss ratios are periodically updated based on actual charge-off experience. A historical valuation allowance is established for each pool of similar loans based upon the product of the historical loss ratio and the total dollar amount of the loans in the pool. The Company’s pools of similar loans include similar groups of residential real estate loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, and consumer loans. The methodology employed to determine the historical loss ratio takes into consideration the net charge-offs for the most recent 36-months plus any specific reserve that are in place against individually impaired loans, by loan segment, at the time of the ratio calculation.
 
The general reserve component is based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external to the Company. In general, such valuation allowances are determined by evaluating, among other things: (i) the experience, ability and effectiveness of the Company’s lending management and staff; (ii) the effectiveness of the Company’s loan policies, procedures and internal controls; (iii) changes in asset quality; (iv) changes in loan portfolio volume; (v) the composition and concentrations of credit; (vi) the impact of competition on loan pricing; (vii) the effectiveness of the internal loan review function; (viii) the impact of environmental risks on portfolio risks; and (ix) the impact of rising interest rates on portfolio risk. Management evaluates the degree of risk that each one of these components has on the quality of the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis. Each component will have a certain percentage assigned to it and this percent will be applied against the specific loan segments that are impacted by the various factors mentioned above. The results of the general component are then included to determine an appropriate valuation allowance.
 
 
20

 
 
Loans that are either partially or totally identified as losses by management, internal loan review and/or bank examiners are charged-off. Certain unsecured consumer loan accounts are charged-off automatically based on regulatory requirements.
 
 
(The remainder of this page is blank, intentionally.)
 

 
21

 


 
The following tables detail activity in the allowance for possible loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and for the year ended December 31, 2011. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.
 
   
Residential 
Real Estate
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Farmland
   
Construction
   
Commercial 
and 
Industrial
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
March 31, 2012
                                               
Beginning balance
  $ 900     $ 547     $ 24     $ 211     $ 228     $ 59     $ 383     $ 2,352  
Provision for possible losses
    190       (27 )     5       7       (33 )     (14 )     (53 )     75  
Charge-offs
    (27 )     -       -       -       -       (1 )     -       (28 )
Recoveries
    2       -       -       -       -       6       -       8  
Net charge-offs
    (25 )     -       -       -       -       5       -       (20 )
Ending balance
  $ 1,065     $ 520     $ 29     $ 218     $ 195     $ 50     $ 330     $ 2,407  
                                                                 
Period-end amount allocated to:
                                                               
Loans individually evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
  $ 222     $ 37     $ -     $ -     $ 5     $ -     $ -     $ 264  
Loans collectively evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    843       483       29       218       190       50       330       2,143  
Ending balance
  $ 1,065     $ 520     $ 29     $ 218     $ 195     $ 50     $ 330     $ 2,407  
                                                                 
     Total Loans
  $ 97,768     $ 53,099     $ 9,788     $ 16,563     $ 13,219     $ 7,619     $ -     $ 198,056  
                                                                 
Loans individually evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    1,264       43       1,377       212       117       -       -       3,013  
Loans collectively evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    96,504       53,056       8,411       16,351       13,102       7,619       -       195,043  

 
22

 


   
Residential 
Real Estate
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Farmland
   
Construction
   
Commercial 
and 
Industrial
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
December 31, 2011
                                               
Beginning balance
  $ 876     $ 535     $ 25     $ 203     $ 224     $ 56     $ 249     $ 2,168  
Provision for possible losses
    323       288       (1 )     (131 )     11       61       134       685  
Charge-offs
    (337 )     (276 )     -       (31 )     (25 )     (81 )     -       (750 )
Recoveries
    38       -       -       170       18       23       -       249  
Net charge-offs
    (299 )     (276 )     -       139       (7 )     (58 )     -       (501 )
Ending balance
  $ 900     $ 547     $ 24     $ 211     $ 228     $ 59     $ 383     $ 2,352  
                                                                 
Period-end amount allocated to:
                                                               
Loans individually evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
  $ 92     $ 14     $ -     $ 38     $ 5     $ -     $ -     $ 149  
Loans collectively evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    808       533       24       173       223       59       383       2,203  
Ending balance
  $ 900     $ 547     $ 24     $ 211     $ 228     $ 59     $ 383     $ 2,352  
                                                                 
     Total Loans
  $ 99,141     $ 52,798     $ 9,782     $ 15,939     $ 13,700     $ 8,355     $ -     $ 199,715  
                                                                 
Loans individually evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    517       475       1,377       427       290       -       -       3,086  
Loans collectively evaluated
                                                               
        for impairment
    98,624       52,323       8,405       15,512       13,410       8,355       -       196,629  
 
 
A further discussion of the Company’s Allowance for Loan Losses appears later in this report in the Management Discussion and Analysis segment under the section titled, “Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
 


 
23

 
 
Note 5.            Other Real Estate Owned
 
The tables below present a summary of the activity related to other real estate owned (dollars in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 7,430     $ 3,425  
Additions
    396       135  
Sales
    (456 )     (35 )
Direct write-downs
    (45 )     -  
Balance at end of period
  $ 7,325     $ 3,525  
                 
Operating expenses, net of
               
   rental income
  $ 65     $ 12  

Direct write-downs of individual properties are a charge against earnings in the periods, as shown above.
 
Note 6.            FHLB Advances
 
At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company had outstanding advances totaling $5 million with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta, detailed below.
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Two-year fixed rate hybrid advance at 1.93%
           
   maturing October 11, 2013
  $ 5,000     $ 5,000  
 
Note 7.            Other Borrowings
 
 
Other borrowings consist of $7.0 million and $6.0 million in overnight repurchase agreements as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  These balances are from deposit balances outstanding in the Investment Sweeps Account product, which is an overnight repurchase agreement product, not insured by the FDIC, but collateralized by the Bank with securities of the US Government and Federal Agencies.   This product is offered to commercial customers only.
 
 
Note 8.            Earnings Per Share
 
 
The weighted average number of shares used in computing earnings per share was 2,319,048 shares for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2,348,787 shares for the three months ended March 31, 2011.   The Company has no potentially dilutive stock options or stock warrants outstanding.
 

 
24

 

Note 9.            Defined Benefit Pension Plan

The components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
   
2011
 
             
Service cost
  $ 88     $ 75  
Interest Cost
    76       71  
Expected return on plan assets
    (85 )     (81 )
Amortization of prior service cost
    (24 )     (24 )
Amortization of net actuarial loss
    36       22  
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 91     $ 63  
 
The pension plan has a fiscal year ending September 30, providing the Company the flexibility as to the plan year in which it makes pension plan contributions.  The defined benefit pension liability is only computed at every December 31.  The Company made its required 2012 fiscal year contribution to the pension plan in December 2011 in the amount of $224,760.  The Company anticipates making the 2013 contribution by December 31, 2012.  The Company estimates this contribution to be approximately $250,000.
 
Note 10.          Fair Value Measurements
 
Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices.  However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.  Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.  Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.  Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments from its disclosure requirements.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.
 
The Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments used the following methods and assumptions:
 
Cash and cash equivalents:  The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments approximate fair values.
 
Securities:  Fair values for investment securities are based on quoted market prices, where available.  If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments.
 
Loans:  For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.  Fair values for certain mortgage loans (e.g., one-to-four family residential) and other consumer loans are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics.  Fair values for other loans (e.g., commercial real estate and investment property mortgage loans, commercial and industrial loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based upon interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.
 
Bank owned life insurance: The carrying amounts of bank owned life insurance approximate fair value.
 
Deposits:  The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, savings, and certain types of money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amounts payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts).  The carrying amounts of variable rate, fixed term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date.  Fair values for fixed rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
 
 
25

 
 
Borrowings:   The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased and other short term borrowings maturing within 90 days approximate their fair values. Fair values for Federal Home Loan Bank advances are estimated based upon current advance rates for the remaining term of the advance.
 
Accrued interest:  The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.
 
Off-balance-sheet instruments:  Fair values for off-balance-sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing.  At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of loan commitments and standby letters of credit was deemed to be immaterial.
 
Accounting Standards Codification 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follow:
 
Level 1
inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
Level 2
inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
 
Level 3
inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
 

 
 

 
 
(The remainder of this page is blank, intentionally.)
 
 

 
26

 
 
The estimated fair values, and related carrying or notional amounts, of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
 
         
Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2012 Using
 
         
Quoted Prices
                   
         
in Active
   
Significant
             
         
Markets for
   
Other
   
Signigicant
       
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
       
   
March 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
   
Balance
 
Description
 
2012
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
       
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
Financial assets:
                             
   Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 27,380     $ 27,380     $ -     $ -     $ 27,380  
   Securities available for sale
    87,957       -       87,957       -       87,957  
   Restricted securities
    933       933       -       -       933  
   Loans, net
    195,649       -       197,951       -       197,951  
   Accrued interest receivable
    1,615       -       1,615       -       1,615  
   Bank owned life insurance
    8,519       -       8,519       -       8,519  
                                         
Financial liabilities:
                                       
   Deposits
  $ 279,421     $ -     $ 279,234     $ -     $ 279,234  
   Other borrowings
    12,017       -       12,122       -       12,122  
   Accrued interest payable
    520       -       520       -       520  
                                         
           
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using
 
           
Quoted Prices
                         
           
in Active
   
Significant
                 
           
Markets for
   
Other
   
Signigicant
         
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
         
   
December 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
   
Balance
 
Description
    2011    
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
         
   
(Dollars in thousands)
         
Financial assets:
                                       
   Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 19,174     $ 19,174     $ -     $ -     $ 19,174  
   Securities available for sale
    84,512       -       84,512       -       84,512  
   Restricted securities
    933       933       -       -       933  
   Loans, net
    197,363       -       197,363       -       197,363  
   Accrued interest receivable
    1,635       -       1,635       -       1,635  
   Bank owned life insurance
    8,446       -       8,446       -       8,446  
                                         
Financial liabilities:
                                       
   Deposits
  $ 271,597     $ -     $ 273,220     $ -     $ 273,220  
   Other borrowings
    11,009       -       11,168       -       11,168  
   Accrued interest payable
    608       -       608       -       608  
 
The Company assumes interest rate risk as part of its normal operations.  As a result, the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments will change when interest rate levels change and that change may be either favorable or unfavorable to the Company.  Management attempts to match maturities of assets and liabilities to the extent possible to minimize interest rate risk.  However, borrowers with fixed rate obligations are less likely to prepay in a rising rate environment and more likely to prepay in a falling rate environment.  Conversely, depositors who are receiving fixed rates are more likely to withdraw funds before maturity in a rising rate environment and less likely to do so in a falling rate environment.  Management monitors rates and maturities of assets and liabilities and attempts to minimize interest rate risk by adjusting terms of new loans and deposits and by investing in securities with terms that mitigate the Company’s overall interest rate risk.
 
 
27

 
 
The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements:
 
Securities available for sale:
 
Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level1).   If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that consider observable market data (Level 2).
 
 
         
Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2012 Using
         
Quoted Prices
             
         
in Active
   
Significant
       
         
Markets for
   
Other
   
Signigicant
 
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
 
   
March 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
 
Description
 
2012
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Assets:
                       
  Securities available
                       
     for sale
                       
      U.S. Government
                       
        and federal agency
  $ 10,472     $ -     $ 10,472     $ -  
      State and municipal
    32,720       -       32,720       -  
      Agency mortgage-backed
    42,738       -       42,738       -  
      Non-agency mortgage-backed
    1,171       -       1,171       -  
      Corporate
    856       -       856       -  
                                 
                                 
           
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using
           
Quoted Prices
                 
           
in Active
   
Significant
         
           
Markets for
   
Other
   
Signigicant
 
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
 
   
December 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
 
Description
    2011    
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Assets:
                               
  Securities available
                               
     for sale
                               
      U.S. Government
                               
        and federal agency
  $ 8,038     $ -     $ 8,038     $ -  
      State and municipal
    32,529       -       32,529       -  
      Agency mortgage-backed
    41,711       -       41,711       -  
      Non-agency mortgage-backed
    1,399       -       1,399       -  
      Corporate
    835       -       835       -  
 
Accounting principles permit the measurement of certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.   Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

 
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The following table summarizes the Company’s assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period:
 
         
Carrying value at March 31, 2012
 
         
Quoted Prices
             
         
in Active
   
Significant
       
         
Markets for
   
Other
   
Significant
 
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
 
   
March 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
 
Description
 
2012
   
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
                   
Assets:
                       
  Impaired Loans, net of
  $ 2,750     $ -     $ 2,750     $ -  
    valuation allowance
                               
  Other real estate owned
  $ 7,325     $ -     $ 7,325     $ -  
                                 
                                 
           
Carrying value at December 31, 2011
 
           
Quoted Prices
                 
           
in Active
   
Significant
         
           
Markets for
   
Other
   
Significant
 
   
Balance as of
   
Identical
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
 
   
December 31,
   
Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
 
Description
   2011    
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
                         
Assets:
                               
  Impaired Loans, net of
  $ 2,937     $ -     $ 2,937     $ -  
    valuation allowance
                               
  Other real estate owned
  $ 7,430     $ -     $ 7,430     $ -  
                                 
 
Impaired loans
 
Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected. The measurement of loss associated with impaired loans can be based on either the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The vast majority of the collateral is real estate. The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data (Level 2).
 
However, if the collateral is a house or building in the process of construction or if an appraisal of the real estate property is over two years old, then the fair value is considered Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business’ financial statements if not considered significant using observable market data.   Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). Impaired loans allocated to the Allowance for Loan Losses are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
 
Other Real Estate Owned
 
The fair values are estimated based upon recent appraisal values of the property less costs to sell the property. Certain inputs used in appraisals are not always observable and, therefore, Other Real Estate Owned may be categorized as Level 3. When inputs in appraisals are observable, they are classified as Level 2. The classification methodology is similar to that described above for impaired loans.
 

 
29

 

 
Note 11.          Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-03, “Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860) – Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements.”  The amendments in this ASU remove from the assessment of effective control (1) the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets on substantially the agreed terms, even in the event of default by the transferee and (2) the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion.  The amendments in this ASU were effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011. The guidance should be applied prospectively to transactions or modifications of existing transactions that occur on or after the effective date.  The adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) – Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.”  This ASU is the result of joint efforts by the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to develop a single, converged fair value framework on how (not when) to measure fair value and what disclosures to provide about fair value measurements.  The ASU is largely consistent with existing fair value measurement principles in U.S. GAAP (Topic 820), with many of the amendments made to eliminate unnecessary wording differences between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).  The amendments were effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 with prospective application.  The Company has included the required disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) – Presentation of Comprehensive Income.”  The objective of this ASU is to improve the comparability, consistency and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income by eliminating the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.  The amendments require that all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  The single statement of comprehensive income should include the components of net income, a total for net income, the components of other comprehensive income, a total for other comprehensive income, and a total for comprehensive income.  In the two-statement approach, the first statement should present total net income and its components followed consecutively by a second statement that should present all the components of other comprehensive income, a total for other comprehensive income, and a total for comprehensive income.  The amendments do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income, the option for an entity to present components of other comprehensive income either net of related tax effects or before related tax effects, or the calculation or reporting of earnings per share.  The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively. The amendments were effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The amendments do not require transition disclosures.  The Company has included the required disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Intangible – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) – Testing Goodwill for Impairment.”  The amendments in this ASU permit an entity to first assess qualitative factors related to goodwill to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill test described in Topic 350.  The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent.  Under the amendments in this ASU, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount.  The amendments in this ASU were effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of the new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210) – Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities.”  This ASU requires entities to disclose both gross information and net information about both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the balance sheet and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting arrangement. An entity is required to apply the amendments for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. An entity should provide the disclosures required by those amendments retrospectively for all comparative periods presented. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-11 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 
30

 
 
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) – Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05.”  The amendments are being made to allow the Board time to re-deliberate whether to present on the face of the financial statements the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the components of net income and other comprehensive income for all periods presented. While the Board is considering the operational concerns about the presentation requirements for reclassification adjustments and the needs of financial statement users for additional information about reclassification adjustments, entities should continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect before ASU 2011-05.  All other requirements in ASU 2011-05 are not affected by ASU 2011-12, including the requirement to report comprehensive income either in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. Public entities should apply these requirements for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company has included the required disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.
 

 
 
 (The remainder of this page is blank, intentionally.)
 

 
31

 

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 
Management’s discussion and analysis provides the reader with additional information that is helpful in gaining a greater understanding of the Company’s operating results, liquidity, capital resources and financial condition. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Interim Consolidated Financial Statements included in this quarterly report and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. Results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2012 or any future period.
 
Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results
 
Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical fact constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”), notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in the Company’s future filings with the SEC, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by or with the approval of the Company that are not statements of historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations of the Company’s management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products or services; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “intends”, “targeted”, “continue”, “remain”, “will”, “should”, “may” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.
 
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
 
 
·
changes in general economic and business conditions in our market area;
 
 
·
level of market interest rates;
 
 
·
risks inherent in making loans such as repayment risks and fluctuating collateral values;
 
 
·
Government intervention in the U.S. financial system;
 
 
·
The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, and securities) with which the Company and the Bank must comply;
 
 
·
the successful management of interest rate risk; including changes in interest rates and interest rate policies;
 
 
·
the value of securities held in the Company’s investment portfolio;
 
 
·
successfully manage the Company’s growth and implement its growth strategies;
 
 
·
rely on the Company’s Management team, including its ability to attract and retain key personnel;
 
 
·
continue to attract low cost core deposits to fund asset growth;
 
 
·
compete with other banks and financial institutions and companies outside of the banking industry, including those companies that have substantially greater access to capital and other resources;
 
 
·
the ability to rely on third party vendors that perform critical services for the Company;
 
 
·
technology utilized by the Company;
 
 
·
maintain expense controls and asset qualities as new branches are opened or acquired;
 
 
·
demand, development and acceptance of new products and services;
 
 
·
The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters;
 
 
32

 
 
 
·
maintain capital levels adequate to support the Company’s growth; and
 
 
·
plan for changing trends in customer profiles and behavior.
 
Because of these uncertainties, actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements.  In addition, past results of operations do not necessarily indicate future results.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
General
 
The  financial  condition  and results of  operations  presented in the Consolidated Financial  Statements, accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and  Management's discussion and analysis are, to a large degree, dependent upon  the  accounting  and reporting policies of the Company.  The Company’s accounting and reporting polices are in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles within the United States of America and with general practices within the banking industry.  The selection and application of these accounting policies by Management involve judgments, estimates, and uncertainties that are susceptible to change.
 
Presented below is a discussion of those accounting policies that Management believes are the most important to the portrayal and understanding of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.  The Critical Accounting Policies require Management's most difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain.  In the event that different assumptions or conditions were to prevail,  and depending  upon the severity of such changes, materially different  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations  is  a reasonable  likelihood.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The Company monitors and maintains an allowance for loan losses to absorb an estimate of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio.  The Company maintains policies and procedures that address the systems of controls over the following areas of maintenance of the allowance:  the systematic methodology used to determine the appropriate level of the allowance to provide assurance that the systems are maintained in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; the accounting policies for loan charge-offs and recoveries; the assessment and measurement of impairment in the loan portfolio; the loan grading system; and the general economic environment.
 
The Company evaluates various loans individually for impairment as required by ASC 310 Receivables.  Loans evaluated individually for impairment include non-performing loans, such as loans on nonaccrual, loans past due by 90 days or more, restructured loans and other loans selected by Management.  The evaluations are based upon discounted expected cash flows or collateral valuations.  If the evaluation shows that a loan is individually impaired, then a specific reserve is established for the amount of impairment.
 
For loans without individual measures of impairment, the Company makes estimates of losses for groups of loans as required by Accounting Standards Codification 450-20 Loss Contingencies.  Loans are grouped by similar characteristics, including the type of loan, the assigned loan grade and the general collateral type. A loss rate reflecting the expected loss inherent in a group of loans is derived based upon estimates of default rates for a given loan grade, the predominant collateral type for the group and the terms of the loan.  The resulting estimate of losses for groups of loans are adjusted for relevant  environmental factors and other conditions of the portfolio of loans, including:  borrower and industry concentrations; levels and trends in delinquencies, charge-offs and recoveries; changes in underwriting standards and risk selection; level of experience, ability and depth of lending management; and national and local economic conditions.
 
The allowance for loan losses is determined by using estimates of historical losses by category for all loans, with the exception of “criticized loans”.  Criticized loans are determined as a result of management evaluating and risk grading individual delinquent loans.  Management may assign an estimated amount of reserve for criticized loans if there is the likelihood that not all of the loan amounts due will be collected based upon the most current information concerning the financial condition of the debtors and guarantors as well as the current evaluations of collateral value.  The evaluation of criticized loans as to the need and adequacy of any reserves is performed at least quarterly or more frequently if conditions affecting certain loans should change. The impact of environmental factors such as the local and regional economic conditions, attributes of certain loan categories and other relevant matters are considered in estimating the allowance for loan losses and these factors are reviewed at least quarterly in order to capture any indications of worsening or improving environmental factors.
 
 
33

 
 
The amount of estimated impairment for individually evaluated loans and groups of loans is added together for a total estimate of loan losses. This estimate of losses is compared to the allowance for loan losses of the Company as of the evaluation date and, if the estimate of losses is greater than the allowance, an additional provision to the allowance would be made. If the estimate of losses is less than the allowance, the degree to which the allowance exceeds the estimate is evaluated to determine whether the allowance falls outside a range of estimates. If the estimate of losses is below the range of reasonable estimates, the allowance would be reduced by way of a credit to the provision for loan losses.
 
The Company recognizes the inherent imprecision in estimates of losses due to various uncertainties and variability related to the factors used, and therefore a reasonable range around the estimate of losses is derived and used to ascertain whether the allowance is too high.  If different assumptions or conditions were to prevail and it is determined that the allowance is not adequate to absorb the new estimate of probable losses, an additional provision for loan losses would be made, which the amount may be material to the consolidated financial statements.
 
For additional information regarding critical accounting policies, refer to Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to consolidated financial statements and the sections captioned “Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates” and “Allowance and Provision for Possible Loan Losses” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the 2011 Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes in the Company’s application of critical accounting policies related to the allowance for possible loan losses since December 31, 2011.
 
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Deregistration from SEC Reporting System
 
On April 5, 2012, President Obama signed into law the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act (the JOBS Act).   Among other things, the JOBS Act amended the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) to allow bank holding companies with fewer than 1,200 shareholders of record to deregister from the SEC reporting system.   On April 30, 2012, the Company filed a Form 15 with the SEC to deregister its common stock under Section 12(g) of the Exchange act.   As a result, the Company’s obligation to file periodic reports such as Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and current Reports on Form 8-K will be suspended as of July 29, 2012.
 
Balance Sheet
 
Total assets for the Company at March 31, 2012 were $338.0 million compared to $328.6 million at December 31, 2011, representing an increase of $9.4 million or 2.86%.
 
Total net loans at March 31, 2012 were $195.6 million, a decrease of $1.7 million from the December 31, 2011 amount of $197.4 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2012, $12.7 million in loans were originated, an increase of $1.8 million or 16.5% as compared to $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Loan originations in the Bank’s markets have generally been at lower levels as compared to when the economy was more robust. Management has been ready and willing to lend and the Bank has maintained a strong capital position during the continued economic crisis. Consumers are approaching any new lending opportunities cautiously, often choosing to refinance and consolidate existing loan balances to take advantage of the lower rate environment. Loan opportunities to businesses are similarly difficult to obtain given the business owners’ uncertainty regarding the strength of the regional economy and a reluctance to be highly leveraged in addition to the general lack of high quality borrowers.
 
Gross loan balances at March 31, 2012 as compared to December 31, 2011 indicated that during the first three months of 2012 loans secured by real estate decreased $442 thousand or .25% and consumer, commercial and agricultural loans decreased $1.2 million or 5.51% from December 31, 2011. Real estate secured loans totaled $177.2 million or 89.5% of the loan portfolio at March 31, 2012 as compared to $177.7 million and 89.0% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2011. The non-real estate segments of the loan portfolio include commercial loans which includes agricultural and municipal loans, and consumer loans.  At March 31, 2012 the totals for each segment were $13.2 million and $7.6 million, respectively.
 
 
34

 
 
Management is maintaining its standard loan pricing methodology and underwriting standards during these difficult economic times. We believe that refusing to relax these standards is critical for maintaining loan quality, even though this strategy may result in a slower growth rate of the loan portfolio. It is Management’s goal for the Bank to continue to be a source of credit for creditworthy commercial businesses, farmers, and consumers. Gross loans as a percent of total assets were 58.6% at March 31, 2012, as compared to 60.8% at December 31, 2011.
 
Available for sale securities at March 31, 2012 totaled $88.0 million or 26.0% of total assets, which is an increase of $3.4 million from $84.5 million at December 31, 2011. At March 31, 2012 the investment portfolio had an unrealized gain of $1.8 million net of Federal income taxes, which is an increase of $105 thousand when compared to an unrealized gain of $1.7 million, net of Federal income taxes, at December 31, 2011.  Management’s current strategy for the investment portfolio is to focus investment purchases so that investment maturities will be laddered over a period of time when interest rates are rising. Current economists’ forecasts are not anticipating a significant change in market interest rates for at least the remainder of 2012.
 
The availability of securities with the credit grade and duration preferred by management continue to be in short supply. Management’s strategy is to re-invest the called securities without taking on excessive duration risk, while maintaining a diverse, high quality investment portfolio for the Company and the Bank. While the strategy is being successfully implemented, the yield of the recently purchased securities is lower than the yield of the securities that were called. The expectations are that the yield on the investment portfolio may decline in the near-term, and management does expect a decline in the overall portfolio yield to be acceptable given the forward-looking strategy of having securities mature as interest rates rise in the future. The investment securities of both the Company and the Bank at March 31, 2012 were held as “available for sale”.
 
Restricted securities at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 totaled $933 thousand, and represent equity investments held by the Bank in the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta and the Community Bankers’ Bank.
 
Interest bearing deposits in other banks decreased $21 thousand at March 31, 2012 to $2.585 million as compared to $2.606 million at December 31, 2011. Federal funds sold decreased $7.8 million to $18.3 million at March 31, 2012 from $10.4 million at December 31, 2011. The Company’s liquidity on hand at March 31, 2012 as represented by cash, due from banks, interest bearing deposits in banks and federal funds sold was $27.4 million or 8.1% of total assets which is $8.2 million higher than $19.2 million or 5.8% of total assets at December 31, 2011.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2012 was $2.407 million compared to $2.352 million at December 31, 2011. The allowance for loan losses, as a percentage of total outstanding loans, increased to 1.22% at March 31, 2012 from 1.18% at December 31, 2011. The Company charged off $27 thousand in loans, recovered $7 thousand from previous write-offs, and provided an additional $75 thousand to the allowance during the three months ended March 31, 2012.  The ratio of net charge-offs to average loans, net of deferred fees, was .04% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and this compares to 0.02% for the same period in 2011.
 
Management’s methodology for estimating the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses is based upon bank regulatory guidance and generally accepted accounting principles for maintaining adequate reserves against loan losses. Periodically, management does classify certain loans and provides specific reserves for these loans when it is determined that negative conditions affecting the customer have occurred and will expose the Bank to a potential loss on a given loan(s). Management continues to work aggressively with debtors to resolve delinquencies and mitigate potential repossession or foreclosure of collateral.
 
Management’s calculation of the allowance for loan losses consists of three main segments, 1- estimating future loan losses by loan category using the Bank’s historical average net losses for each category, 2- the impact of various environmental factors such as the decline in real estate value, unemployment, the volume of past due loans, etc., and 3- the determination of criticized loans, where classified/impaired loans are individually evaluated for probable loss based upon what the Bank could recover from liquidating collateral and from individual guarantors on the loan.  Loans classified as loss, doubtful or substandard are adequately reserved for at the report date and are not expected to have a material impact beyond what has been reserved.  Specific reserves for impaired loans will be adjusted should material changes occur to a loan’s collateral value or if there is any further deterioration of the credit.  Management is closely monitoring any potential indication of credit deterioration, beyond the classified loans currently reported.
 
 
35

 
 
Management reviews external economic factors quarterly and reports changes to these factors, which are a major component of the allowance calculation.  Management continues to work at improving the status of criticized credits for which the Bank maintains significant reserves.  These efforts include the addition of more collateral and/or the collection of payments which serve to improve these credits. For a more detailed discussion on the computation of the allowance for loan losses, see “Note 4 – Allowance for Loan Losses” in the Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements earlier in this report, also under the section heading of “Critical Accounting Policies” and the discussion “Provision for Loan Losses” found earlier in this report.
 
Deposits
 
Total deposits of $279.4 million at March 31, 2012 represented an increase of $7.8 million from $271.6 million at December 31, 2011. Total certificates of deposit at March 31, 2012 were $117.2 million, $358 thousand more than $116.8 million at December 31, 2011.  Certificates of deposit are higher costing funds as compared to checking, savings or money market accounts. CDs represented 41.9% of total deposit balances at March 31, 2012 as compared to 43.0% of total deposit balances at December 31, 2011.
 
Noninterest-bearing deposits totaled $45.0 million at March 31, 2012, which is a 21.4% increase from $37.1 million at December 31, 2011. Interest-bearing deposits totaled $234.4 million or 83.9% of total deposits at March 31, 2012 which is a decrease of $110 thousand or .04% from the $234.5 million and 86.3% of total deposits at December 31, 2011. The ratio of low-cost deposit account balances as a percentage of total average deposit account balances was 56.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to 53.0% for the same period ended March 31, 2011. Low-cost deposit accounts are defined as interest-bearing deposits and noninterest-bearing deposits, excluding certificates of deposit. Management continues to adhere to its deposit pricing plan that maximizes the benefits of the low interest rate environment by reducing the Bank’s interest costs.
 
Borrowings
 
Borrowings include overnight repurchase agreements from commercial customers that utilize the Business Investment Sweeps product and long-term advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (the “FHLB”).  A secondary source of other borrowings would be overnight advances from lines of credit established with correspondent banks.  For additional details on borrowing sources, see the “Liquidity” section later in this report.  At March 31, 2012 the Company had total borrowings of $12.0 million that consisted of $7.0 million in overnight repurchase agreements and an outstanding term advance with the FHLB of $5.0 million.  This is compared to $11.0 million in borrowings at December 31, 2011.
 
Stockholders’ Equity
 
Stockholders’ equity was $42.3 million at March 31, 2012 compared to $41.8 million at December 31, 2011. The book value per common share was $18.27 at March 31, 2012 compared to $17.99 at December 31, 2011. On January 13, 2012, shareholders were paid a quarterly dividend of $0.17 per share or $395 thousand. On March 22, 2012, the Board of Directors approved another quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share, or $393 thousand, payable to shareholders on April 13, 2012. Total average outstanding shares for the first three months of 2012 were 2,319,048 shares as compared to the average outstanding shares of 2,341,489 shares for the year ended December 31, 2011.
 
The Board of Directors and Management recognize the intrinsic value of the Company. The banking industry as a whole has seen stock prices decline since 2007 due in part to the investment community’s concern about the overall banking industry’s ability to withstand the severe economic recession that impacted the industry in several areas such as interest margin compression, losses due to subprime lending, and the decline in housing and commercial real estate values. The Company’s stock is not actively traded: for example, the average daily trading volume for the first three months of 2012 was 238 shares as compared to 435 shares traded on an average daily basis during the first three months of 2011, which is 0.01% and 0.02% of the average outstanding shares for the respective periods. This lack of liquidity in the Company’s stock is the primary reason for the existing stock repurchase program which has been in place since September 2007.
 
 
36

 
 
The Board reauthorized the stock repurchase plan on November 17, 2011, effective December 1, 2011 until May 31, 2012. The Agreement permits the purchase of up to 40,000 shares during the six month term. The plan is renewable every six months, at the discretion of the Board of Directors.  The renewal of the stock repurchase plan will be considered at the May 24, 2012 Board of Directors meeting.
 
The change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income at March 31, 2012 versus December 31, 2011 was a result of an improvement in the market value of the Company’s consolidated investment securities portfolio. At March 31, 2012, the Company had an unrealized gain on available for sale securities of $1.836 million, net of income taxes, an increase of $105 thousand from the unrealized gain of $1.731 million, net of income taxes, at December 31, 2011.  At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income included $1.581 million in unfunded pension liability, net of income taxes.  The unfunded pension liability is recomputed only as of each December 31.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
Financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These commitments include standby letters of credit of approximately $1.3 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. These instruments contain various elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Additionally, unfunded loan commitments of approximately $22.7 million at March 31, 2012, and $22.9 million at December 31, 2011.
 
Net Income
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2012 the Company reported net income of $909 thousand as compared to $734 thousand for the same period in 2011, which is an increase of $175 thousand. Income per basic and diluted share was $.39 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to $0.31 per basic and diluted share for the period ended March 31, 2011.
 
The Company had an annualized return on average assets of 1.10% and an annualized return on average equity of 8.57% for the three months ended March 31, 2012, as compared to an annualized return on average assets and average equity of .90% and 7.54%, respectively, for the same period in 2011.
 
The year-to-year increase in net income of $175 thousand for the three month period is attributable to the following favorable factors:
 
 
·
A decrease in total interest expense of $296 thousand due to the repricing of certificates of deposits and a shift in the mix of deposits to lower-cost deposit accounts.
 
 
·
A decrease in the provision for loan losses of $75 thousand.
 
 
·
An increase in noninterest income of $38 thousand.
 
 
·
A decrease in noninterest expenses of $67 thousand.
 
These factors were partially offset by unfavorable results in the following:
 
 
·
A decrease of $229 thousand in interest income due to a change in the mix of earning assets and a lower interest rate environment, which produced lower earning asset yields.
 
 
·
An increase in income taxes of $72 thousand as a result of the higher pre-tax income.   The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was 24.25% as compared to 22.98% for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
 
Net Interest Income
 
Net interest income is the Company’s primary source of earnings and represents the difference between interest and fees earned on loans, investments and other earning assets and the interest expense paid on deposits and other interest bearing liabilities. The cost of funds represents interest expense on deposits and other borrowings. Non-interest bearing deposit accounts and capital are other components representing funding sources. Changes in the volume and mix of earning assets and funding sources, along with the changes in yields earned and rates paid, determine changes in net interest income. The following narrative discussion is to complement the Average Balances, Interest Yields and Rates, and Net Interest Margin table which immediately follows and presents interest income on a tax-equivalent basis.  The Company’s investment securities portfolio is the only category reflected in the table that is adjusted
 
 
37

 
 
for tax-exempt interest income. The discussion using a tax-equivalent basis allows the reader to more accurately compare yields of the investment securities to all other taxable interest-bearing assets.  Therefore, GAAP income presented on the income statement for investment securities totaling $601 thousand, for the three months ended March 31, 2012, has been adjusted to $735 thousand in order to reflect the taxable equivalence of the tax-exempt securities, using a Federal income tax rate of 34%.  The prior period shown on the table was likewise adjusted.
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2012 net interest income (on a tax-equivalent basis) was $3.175 million as compared to $3.106 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $69 thousand or 2.2%. Interest income (on a tax-equivalent basis) decreased $227 thousand for the first quarter of 2012 as compared to the year-earlier period. Interest income was primarily affected by a shift in balances moving out of loans and into investment securities, federal funds sold and interest bearing balances with other banks.   Average loan balances, when compared to the prior year period, declined $3.0 million or 16%. These balances moved into investment securities, which had a $705 thousand increase over the prior year period and earned a tax-equivalent yield of 3.41%, into federal funds, which had a $1.7 million increase over the prior year period and earned a tax-equivalent yield of .21% and into interest-bearing deposits with other banks, which had a $743 thousand increase and earned a tax-equivalent yield of 1.39%. This change in the mix of earning assets was the primary factor in the lower interest income for 2012 as compared to 2011. Investment income (on a tax-equivalent basis) decreased $139 thousand in the three months ended March 31, 2012 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, largely as a result of funds being invested in a lower rate environment. In addition to the decrease in investment income, lower loan income negatively affected interest income.
 
A small portion of the liquidity generated by the Company’s investment securities portfolio was used to repurchase outstanding common shares under the stock repurchase plan described later in this Report under Part 2, Item 2, Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
 
The tax-equivalent yield on earning assets for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was 5.19%, a decrease of 37 basis points from the yield of 5.56% reported in the comparable period of 2011. The decrease in the earning assets yield for the period ended March 31, 2012 as compared to the same periods in 2011 is primarily the result of the reduction of short-term interest rates and its impact on new loans and securities held for investment, the repricing of existing loans and investment securities to lower yields and a shift of loan balances into investment securities.
 
Reconciliation of GAAP Net Interest Income to Tax-exempt Net Interest Income
 
             
   
Three Months Ended
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
             
Net interest income, GAAP basis
    3,041       2,974  
                 
Tax benefit from tax-exempt securities
    134       132  
                 
Net interest income, tax-exempt basis
    3,175       3,106  
                 
Tax-exempt securities tax benefit is computed at the statutory rate of 34%.
 

For the three months ended March 31, 2012 the average balance for interest-bearing liabilities was $248.8 million or $4.4 million lower than the $253.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  The cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the first quarter of 2012 was 1.17%, a decrease of 46 basis points from the 1.63% cost for the first quarter of 2011.
 
The decrease in interest-bearing deposits can be attributed to the continued low rate environment. Customers are hesitant to purchase certificates of deposits and are opting for shorter low-cost deposit accounts.  In recent months, Management has focused on growing the Bank’s low-cost deposit base.   Low-cost deposit accounts are made up of money market deposit accounts, savings accounts, interest-bearing checking accounts and demand deposit accounts.
 
Average noninterest deposit balances for the three months ended March 31, 2012 were $36.5 million or $3.7 million more than the $32.8 million for the same period of 2011.    This increase is a direct result of Managements’ efforts to increase the Bank’s low-cost deposit base.
 
 
38

 
 
The net interest margin is net interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets.  The tax equivalent net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was 4.23% which is 4 basis points higher than the net interest margin for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 of 4.19%.
 
The table on the following page labeled “Average Balances, Interest Yields and Rates, and Net Interest Margin” presents the average balances and rates of the various categories of the Company’s assets and liabilities.  Included in the table is a measurement of interest rate spread and margin. Interest rate spread is the difference (expressed as a percentage) between the interest rate earned on earning assets less the interest expense on the interest bearing liabilities.  While net interest spread provides a quick comparison of earnings rates versus the cost of funds, Management believes that the interest margin provides a better measurement of performance.  Investment securities’ income and yields are adjusted to reflect their tax equivalency.
 
 

 

 
(The remainder of this page is blank, intentionally.)
 

 
39

 
 
Average Balances, Interest Yields and Rates, and Net Interest Margin

   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Average
         
Average
   
Average
         
Average
 
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Balance
   
Interest
   
Yield/Rate
   
Balance
   
Interest
   
Yield/Rate
 
                                     
ASSETS:
                                   
Interest earning assets:
                                   
Interest bearing deposits with other banks and
                                   
   other short-term investments
  $ 2,590     $ 9       1.39 %   $ 1,847     $ 4       0.88 %
Loans (1)
    198,954       3,148       6.35 %     201,985       3,241       6.51 %
Investment securities available for sale  (2)
    86,233       735       3.41 %     85,528       874       4.09 %
Federal funds sold
    13,302       7       0.21 %     11,578       7       0.24 %
   Total interest earning assets
  $ 301,079     $ 3,899       5.19 %   $ 300,938     $ 4,126       5.56 %
                                                 
Total average non-earning assets
    33,168                       30,435                  
Less: allowance for credit losses
    2,357                       2,205                  
   Net average non-earning assets
    30,811                       28,230                  
   TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS
  $ 331,890                     $ 329,168                  
                                                 
                                                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS'
                                               
   EQUITY:
                                               
                                                 
Interest bearing liabilities:
                                               
Interest bearing demand
  $ 42,850     $ 18       0.17 %   $ 40,450     $ 17       0.17 %
Savings
    76,708       86       0.45 %     72,509       113       0.63 %
Time deposits
    117,888       589       2.00 %     129,465       852       2.67 %
Other borrowings
    11,390       31       1.09 %     10,777       38       1.43 %
   Total interest bearing liabilities
  $ 248,836     $ 724       1.17 %   $ 253,201     $ 1,020       1.63 %
                                                 
                                                 
Noninterest bearing liabilities:
                                               
Noininterest bearing demand
    36,544                       32,757                  
Other liabilities
    3,943                       2,621                  
   Total noninterest bearing liabilities
    40,487                       35,378                  
                                                 
                                                 
Stockholders' equity
    42,567                       40,589                  
   TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS'
                                               
       EQUITY
  $ 331,890                     $ 329,168                  
                                                 
Net interest income
          $ 3,175                     $ 3,106          
Net interest spread
                    4.03 %                     3.93 %
Net interest margin
                    4.23 %                     4.19 %
                                                 
(1) Includes Loans Held for Sale and average daily balance of non-accrual loans.
                         
(2) Income and yield are reported on a tax equivalent basis assuming a federal tax rate of 34%.
                 
 
 
 

 
40

 
 
Provision for Loan Losses
 
For the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Bank provided $75 thousand to the Allowance for Loan Losses. This provision amount is $75 thousand less than the amount provided for the three months ended March 31, 2011. Management believes that the amount of provision recorded for the first quarter of 2012 is appropriate with management’s ongoing analysis of nonperforming loans and currently performing loans that show the potential to deteriorate further.
 
As of March 31, 2012, the Bank’s nonaccrual loans were $2.219 million as compared to $2.086 million at December 31, 2011, or an increase of $133 thousand from year-end. Total impaired loans were $3.013 million at March 31, 2012 and $3.086 million at December 31, 2011.
 
Management analyzes the Bank’s collateral position and probable future loss on any loan and provides specific reserves for those loans (as needed), prior to those loans actually becoming nonperforming loans. Therefore, when a loan becomes nonperforming, it is likely to already have an allowance provided for it without the need for additional provision during the same quarter when the loan moves to nonperforming status. Also see the discussion on criticized loans, earlier in this report, under the “Allowance for Loan Losses” heading.
 
Noninterest Income
 
Noninterest income includes deposit fees, gains on the sales of securities, loans held for sale, other-than-temporary impairments and ATM fees.  Noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased $38 thousand or 6.8% to $594 thousand from $556 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The net amount recorded for other-than-temporary impairments is considered as non-recurring revenue; therefore, noninterest income excluding this item was $622 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and $556 thousand for the same period in 2011, an increase of $66 thousand.
 
Below is a representation of the changes to the significant components of noninterest income.
 
   
Three months ended
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
March 31,
   
March 31,
   
%
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
Change
 
                   
Noninterest Income
                 
   Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 229     $ 239       -4.2 %
   Net gain on sales of loans
    42       14       200.0 %
   Other-than-temporary impairments
    26       -       N/A  
   Less:Noncredit portion of OTTI impairments
    54       -       N/A  
      Net other-than-temporary impairments
    (28 )     -       N/A  
   Income from bank owned life insurance
    73       72       1.4 %
   ATM fee income
    207       182       13.7 %
   Other income
    71       49       44.9 %
      Total noninterest income
  $ 594     $ 556       6.8 %
                         
 
 
·
Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $10 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $229 thousand from $239 at March 31, 2011.
 
 
·
Net gain on sales of loans increased $28 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $42 thousand from $14 thousand at March 31, 2011 as customers took advantage of the low-rate environment to lock in longer term residential mortgage loans.
 
 
·
Net gain on sale of securities  The Company did not sell securities during the three month periods ended March 31, 2012 or March 31, 2011.
 
 
·
Other-than-temporary impairments  At March 31, 2012, management recorded an other-than-temporary impairment relating to what is determined to be a permanent credit loss involving non-agency CMO securities in the amount of $28 thousand.   There was no impairment charge related to credit loss for any of the portfolio securities taken during the first three months of 2011.   For further discussion on other-than-temporary impairments see “Note 2” earlier in this report.
 
 
41

 
 
 
·
ATM fee income increased $25 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $207 thousand from $182 thousand at March 31, 2011. as a result of increased ATM and point of sale transactions by the Bank’s customers and fees received from non-customers using the Bank’s ATMs. A portion of this increase is the result of changes management has made to the existing Bank/interchange relationships.
 
 
·
Other income increased $22 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $71 thousand from $49 thousand at March 31, 2011. Other income generally consists of incidental fees and services that tend to be variable in nature.
 
Noninterest Expense
 
Noninterest expense includes employee compensation and benefits-related costs, occupancy and equipment expense, other real estate owned (“OREO”), data processing and other overhead costs.  Noninterest expense decreased 2.8% for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 to $2.360 million from $2.427 million at March 31, 2011. The revenues recognized on sales of OREO and the losses incurred from the impairment of OREO are considered non-recurring, therefore noninterest expense, excluding these items was $2.414 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and $2.434 million for the same period in 2011, a decrease of $20 thousand.
 
Management’s strategy is to maintain strict controls over noninterest expenses, and where possible, take actions that will result in a decline in noninterest expenses over the previous year.  Costs associated with loan collection efforts and OREO properties are areas where higher-than-normal increases have occurred.  The following table outlines the changes in significant components:
 
   
Three months ended
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
March 31,
   
March 31,
   
%
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
Change
 
Noninterest Expense
                 
   Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 1,403     $ 1,369       2.5 %
   Net occupancy expense
    142       149       -4.7 %
   Equipment expense
    92       122       -24.6 %
   FDIC Insurance
    69       201       -65.7 %
   Data Processing
    79       67       17.9 %
   Net (gain) on sale of oreo properties
    (99 )     (7 )     1314.3 %
   Impairment - oreo properties
    45       -       100.0 %
   OREO expenses, net of rental income
    65       8       712.5 %
   Other operating expense
    564       518       8.9 %
      Total noninterest expense
  $ 2,360     $ 2,427       -2.8 %
                         
 
 
·
Salaries and employee benefits increased $34 thousand to $1.403 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 from $1.369 million at March 31, 2011. This was primarily due to an increase in the Bank’s monthly pension plan expenses.
 
 
·
Net occupancy expense decreased $7 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $142 thousand from $149 thousand at March 31, 2011, primarily as a result of lower maintenance costs.
 
 
·
Equipment expense decreased $30 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $92 thousand from $122 thousand at March 31, 2011, primarily due to lower depreciation expense as equipment becomes fully depreciated.
 
 
·
FDIC deposit insurance decreased $132 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $69 thousand from $201 thousand at March 31, 2011, which is a result of the new calculation employed by the FDIC to determine a financial institution’s quarterly assessment.
 
 
·
Data processing expense increased $12 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $79 thousand from $67 thousand at March 31, 2011.
 
 
·
Net gain on sale of OREO properties was $99 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 which is an increase of $92 thousand when compared to $7 thousand at March 31, 2011.
 
 
·
Impairment – other real estate owned increased $45 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012. There was no impairment taken on OREO properties in the first three months of 2011.   In accordance with accounting standards ASC 310 and ASC 360, management had certain OREO properties re-appraised and those properties’ values had declined.
 
 
42

 
 
 
·
Other operating expense increased $46 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2012 to $564 thousand from $518 thousand at March 31, 2011. Costs related to the Commonwealth’s Franchise Tax, ATM network and collection-related expenses, are included in this category.
 
Liquidity
 
Liquidity management involves the ability to meet the cash flow requirements of depositors wanting to withdraw funds, of borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs and the Company’s current and future expenditures.  Liquidity can best be demonstrated by an analysis of cash flows.  The primary source of cash flows is from operating activities.  Operating activities provided $1.682 million of liquidity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012, compared to $1.930 million for the same three months in 2011, or a decrease of $248 thousand.
 
Other sources or uses of liquidity come from investing activities and financing activities.  Investing activities used net cash totaling $1.702 million that was primarily the result of $8.1 million in security purchases, while the net decrease in loans provided funds totaling $1.243 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  For the three months ended March 31, 2012, financing activities provided liquidity principally due to the net increase in deposit account balances of $7.824 million.  Financing activities can be sources of liquidity as a result of issuing debt, borrowed funds or the additional issuance of Company stock.
 
At March 31, 2012, the Company had $27.380 million in cash and cash equivalents on hand.
 
The Company maintains extensive sources of liquidity including collateralized borrowing lines with the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta which had a net availability of $24.0 million at March 31, 2012.  In addition, there are short-term unsecured borrowing lines totaling $27.4 million at March 31, 2012 with three correspondent banks.
 
As of March 31, 2012 the Bank had the following lines of credit available.
 
Collateralized Lines of Credit
     
Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta
  $ 26,222,359  
Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond
    2,774,810  
Less: Outstanding advances
    (5,000,000 )
Sub-total Collateralized Lines of Credit
  $ 23,997,169  
         
Unsecured, Short-term Lines
       
CenterState Bank
  $ 6,000,000  
Community Bankers Bank
    11,400,000  
First Tennessee Bank NA
    10,000,000  
Sub-total Unsecured, Short-term Lines
  $ 27,400,000  
         
Total Available Lines of Credit
  $ 51,397,169  
         

Other borrowings consisted of $7.0 million in short-term borrowings and from balances outstanding in the Investment Sweeps Account product at March 31, 2012; at December 31, 2011 the balance of this product was $6.0 million. The Investment Sweeps Account is an overnight repurchase agreement product, not insured by FDIC, but guaranteed by the Bank with US Government and Federal Agency securities.  This product is offered to commercial customers only.
 
The Company monitors its liquidity position on a regular basis and continuously adjusts its assets to maintain adequate liquidity levels.  The Company has established satisfactory liquidity targets and reports its liquidity ratios to the Board of Directors on a monthly basis. The Company considers its sources of liquidity to be sufficient to meet its estimated needs.
 
 
43

 
 
Item 4.            Controls and Procedures
 
Disclosure controls and procedures are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of our Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, the Company evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.  Based on that evaluation, the Company has concluded that these controls and procedures are effective. In addition, our Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, is also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.
 
There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

 
44

 
 
Part II.  Other Information
 
Item 1.  Legal Proceedings
 
There are no material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the Company’s business, to which the Company, including its subsidiaries, is a party or of which the property of the Company is subject.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
Other than as set forth below, there are no material changes to the Company’s risk factors as disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
 
Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
The Board of Directors voted to approve the continuation of the common stock repurchase plan at their regularly scheduled meeting held on November 17, 2011. The renewed plan period was effective December 1, 2011 and expires May 31, 2012.  Purchases under the plan are limited to an individual six-month total of 40,000 shares and the maximum per share price to be paid is $16.00.  The stock repurchase plan was originally announced on August 20, 2007.
 
The Board of Directors reviews the results of the repurchase plan monthly.  The continuation of the repurchase plan is evaluated by the Directors prior to the reauthorization of the repurchase plan for an additional 6-month period.  The Company will consider whether or not it will repurchase additional shares based upon a number of factors including market conditions, the Company’s performance, and other strategic planning considerations.
 
The table below indicates the shares that were repurchased during the most recent fiscal quarter:
 
 
Common Stock Repurchase Plan Table
 
               
Total number
   
Maximum number
 
               
of shares
   
of shares that
 
   
Total number
   
Average
   
purchased as
   
may yet be
 
   
of shares
   
price paid
   
part of publicly
   
purchased
 
Period
 
purchased
   
per share
   
announced plan
   
under the plan
 
January 1 to
                       
January 31, 2012
    -       -       -       40,000  
February 1 to
                               
February 29, 2012
    14,195       15.10       14,195       25,805  
March 1 to
                               
March 31, 2012
    -       -       -       25,805  
Total
    14,195     $ 15.10       14,195       25,805  
                                 


 
45

 
 
Item 3.  Defaults upon Senior Securities
 
None outstanding.
 
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures
 
None.
 
Item 5.  Other Information
 
None.
 
Item 6.  Exhibits
 
See Exhibit Index.
 
 

 

 
46

 

 

 


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

   
CITIZENS BANCORP OF VIRGINIA, INC.
   
    (Registrant)
       
       
Date:    May 14, 2012
 
/s/ Joseph D. Borgerding
 
   
Joseph D. Borgerding
 
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
       
       
Date:    May 14, 2012
 
/s/ Geoffrey C. Warner
 
   
Geoffrey C. Warner
 
   
Senior Vice President and Interim Chief Financial Officer

 
 

 
47

 

EXHIBIT INDEX



Exhibit Number
 
   
31.1
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer
   
31.2
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer
   
32.1
Statement of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss.1350
   
32.2
Statement of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss.1350
   
101
The following materials from Citizens Bancorp of Virginia, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2012, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting language (XBRL): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in shareholders’ Equity, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.