UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


(Mark One)
☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2021
Or
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to

Commission File No. 1-6639

MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	58-1076937 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
4801 E. Washington Street Phoenix, Arizona (Address of principal executive offices)	85034 (Zip code)

(800) 642-1716

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	MGLN	The NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☒

Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange

Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of Magellan Health, Inc.’s common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2021 was 26,332,073.

Table of Contents

FORM 10-Q

MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX


		Page No.
	PART I — Financial Information:
Item 1:	Financial Statements	2
	Consolidated Balance Sheets—December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income —For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2021	3
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity—For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2021	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2021	5
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32
Item 3:	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	44
Item 4:	Controls and Procedures	44
	PART II — Other Information:
Item 1:	Legal Proceedings	45
Item 1A:	Risk Factors	45
Item 2:	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	45
Item 3:	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	45
Item 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	45
Item 5:	Other Information	46
Item 6:	Exhibits	46
Exhibit Index		47
Signatures		48

Table of Contents

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)



	December 31,		September 30,
	2020		2021
			(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ($49,227 and $79,746 restricted at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively)	$	1,144,450	$	1,038,458
Accounts receivable, net		743,502		827,169
Short-term investments ($88,867 and $101,884 restricted at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively)		140,847		155,518
Pharmaceutical inventory		43,334		39,832
Other current assets ($43,547 and $74,385 restricted at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively)		84,264		143,442
Total Current Assets		2,156,397		2,204,419
Property and equipment, net		136,739		137,046
Long-term investments ($1,026 and $0 restricted at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively)		2,612		—
Deferred income taxes		1,842		—
Other long-term assets		108,797		81,008
Goodwill		873,779		873,830
Other intangible assets, net		79,689		57,147
Total Assets	$	3,359,855	$	3,353,450
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	137,380	$	171,774
Accrued liabilities		354,906		231,196
Medical claims payable		111,851		187,177
Other medical liabilities		126,921		162,658
Current debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations		6,521		3,214
Total Current Liabilities		737,579		756,019
Long-term debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations		631,855		516,368
Deferred income taxes		7,102		18,768
Tax contingencies		11,002		12,913
Deferred credits and other long-term liabilities		69,283		76,219
Total Liabilities		1,456,821		1,380,287
Redeemable non-controlling interest		33,062		39,261
Stockholder's Equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share
Authorized—10,000 shares at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021-Issued and outstanding-none		—		—
Common stock, par value $.01 per share
Authorized—100,000 shares at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021-Issued and outstanding-55,549 and 25,887 shares at December 31, 2020, respectively, and 55,994 and 26,332 shares at September 30, 2021, respectively		555		560
Other Stockholders’ Equity:
Additional paid-in capital		1,477,219		1,512,919
Retained earnings		1,857,130		1,885,194
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(205)		(44)
Treasury stock, at cost, 29,662 and 29,662 shares at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively		(1,464,727)		(1,464,727)
Total Stockholders’ Equity		1,869,972		1,933,902
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest and Stockholders’ Equity	$	3,359,855	$	3,353,450

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
Net revenue:
Managed care and other	$	568,688	$	668,591	$	1,670,567	$	1,970,708
PBM		601,429		585,527		1,722,004		1,665,827
Total net revenue		1,170,117		1,254,118		3,392,571		3,636,535
Costs, expenses and other income:
Cost of care		364,438		437,308		1,035,377		1,247,234
Cost of goods sold		560,269		546,337		1,621,577		1,559,221
Direct service costs and other operating expenses (1)		216,770		238,471		620,767		713,065
Legal matter settlement		—		—		—		(9,000)
Depreciation and amortization		24,730		23,671		71,976		67,613
Interest expense		7,286		5,969		24,239		18,629
Interest and other income		(349)		(299)		(2,119)		(848)
Special charges and other		16,599		1,914		24,908		8,119
Total costs, expenses and other income		1,189,743		1,253,371		3,396,725		3,604,033
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes		(19,626)		747		(4,154)		32,502
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		(2,330)		861		(32,896)		10,570
Net (loss) income from continuing operations		(17,296)		(114)		28,742		21,932
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		28,943		6,050		84,660		11,165
Net income	$	11,647	$	5,936	$	113,402	$	33,097

Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic (See Note B)
Continuing operations	$	(0.68)	$	(0.20)	$	1.15	$	0.65
Discontinued operations		1.14		0.23		3.37		0.43
Consolidated operations	$	0.46	$	0.03	$	4.52	$	1.08
Diluted (See Note B)
Continuing operations	$	(0.68)	$	(0.20)	$	1.14	$	0.63
Discontinued operations		1.14		0.23		3.34		0.42
Consolidated operations	$	0.46	$	0.03	$	4.48	$	1.05
Other comprehensive income
Unrealized (losses) gains on available-for-sale securities (2)		(481)		(24)		(23)		161
Comprehensive income	$	11,166	$	5,912	$	113,379	$	33,258

(1)	Includes stock compensation expense of $5,442 and $5,974 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively and $17,831 and $19,384 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

(2)	Net of income tax (benefit) provision of $(160) and $(9) for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively and $(8) and $60 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)


												Accumulated
				Common Stock				Additional				Other		Total
	Common Stock				In Treasury			Paid in		Retained		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Earnings		(Loss) Income		Equity
Balance at June 30, 2020	54,972	$	550		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,429,995	$	1,576,549	$	602	$	1,542,969
Stock compensation expense	—		—		—		—		5,839		—		—		5,839
Exercise of stock options	263		3		—		—		17,138		—		—		17,141
Issuance of equity	34		—		—		—		2,037		—		—		2,037
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		11,647		—		11,647
Other comprehensive loss—other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(481)		(481)
Balance at September 30, 2020	55,269	$	553		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,455,009	$	1,588,196	$	121	$	1,579,152

Balance at June 30, 2021	55,927	$	559		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,503,718	$	1,884,291	$	(20)	$	1,923,821
Stock compensation expense	—		—		—		—		5,974		—		—		5,974
Exercise of stock options	54		1		—		—		3,485		—		—		3,486
Issuance of equity	13		—		—		—		(258)		—		—		(258)
Accretion of non-controlling interest	—		—		—		—		—		(5,033)		—		(5,033)
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		5,936		—		5,936
Other comprehensive loss—other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(24)		(24)
Balance at September 30, 2021	55,994	$	560		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,512,919	$	1,885,194	$	(44)	$	1,933,902

Balance at December 31, 2019	54,285	$	543		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,386,616	$	1,475,207	$	144	$	1,397,783
Stock compensation expense	—		—		—		—		18,854		—		—		18,854
Exercise of stock options	803		9		—		—		48,639		—		—		48,648
Issuance of equity	181		1		—		—		900		—		—		901
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		113,402		—		113,402
Other comprehensive loss—other	—		—		—		—		—		—		(23)		(23)
Adoption of ASC 326	—		—		—		—		—		(413)		—		(413)
Balance at September 30, 2020	55,269	$	553		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,455,009	$	1,588,196	$	121	$	1,579,152

Balance at December 31, 2020	55,549	$	555		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,477,219	$	1,857,130	$	(205)	$	1,869,972
Stock compensation expense	—		—		—		—		19,384		—		—		19,384
Exercise of stock options	277		4		—		—		17,754		—		—		17,758
Issuance of equity	168		1		—		—		(1,438)		—		—		(1,437)
Accretion of non-controlling interest	—		—		—		—		—		(5,033)		—		(5,033)
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		33,097		—		33,097
Other comprehensive income—other	—		—		—		—		—		—		161		161
Balance at September 30, 2021	55,994	$	560		(29,662)	$	(1,464,727)	$	1,512,919	$	1,885,194	$	(44)	$	1,933,902

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,

(Unaudited)


	2020		2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	113,402	$	33,097
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		88,061		67,613
Special charges and other		24,908		8,119
Gain on sale of MCC		—		(16,713)
Non-cash interest expense		1,297		1,066
Non-cash stock compensation expense		18,854		19,384
Non-cash income tax (benefit) provision		(26,537)		13,883
Non-cash accretion on investments		2,371		2,271
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions of businesses:
Accounts receivable, net		(78,682)		(30,846)
Pharmaceutical inventory		7,325		3,502
Other assets		(66,612)		(75,253)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		110,710		(89,065)
Medical claims payable and other medical liabilities		47,478		111,063
Tax contingencies		1,914		1,478
Deferred credits and other long-term liabilities		(11,572)		6,936
Other		(965)		3,521
Net cash provided by operating activities		231,952		60,056
Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations		177,800		—
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations		54,152		60,056
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures		(56,006)		(48,000)
Acquisitions and investments in businesses, net of cash acquired		(2,066)		(2,373)
Purchases of investments		(661,004)		(779,758)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of investments		500,660		765,468
Net cash used in investing activities		(218,416)		(64,663)
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations		(164,836)		—
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations		(53,580)		(64,663)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from borrowings on revolving line of credit		80,000		—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		48,284		17,758
Payments on debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations		(126,110)		(117,706)
Other		902		(1,437)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		3,076		(101,385)
Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations		(32,650)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuing operations		35,726		(101,385)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents from continuing operations		36,298		(105,992)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		115,752		1,144,450
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	152,050	$	1,038,458

Supplemental cash flow data:
Non-cash investing activities:
Assets acquired under finance leases and deferred financing obligations	$	3,599	$	—

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

NOTE A—General

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Magellan Health, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Magellan”), include Magellan and its subsidiaries (together with Magellan, the “Company”). The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “SEC”) instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

On December 31, 2020, Magellan completed the sale of its Magellan Complete Care business (the “MCC Business”) to Molina Healthcare, Inc. (“Molina”), pursuant to a Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2020, by and between the Company and Molina, for cash in the amount of $850 million plus closing adjustments of $158 million (subject to post-closing adjustments, if any), and the assumption by Molina of liabilities of the MCC Business (the “MCC Sale”). The MCC Business was the Company’s business of contracting with state Medicaid agencies and the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) to manage total medical benefits or long-term support services for Medicaid and dual eligible Medicaid and Medicare populations.

On January 4, 2021, the Company and Centene Corporation (“Centene”) entered into an Agreement of Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) by and among the Company, Centene, and Mayflower Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Centene (“Merger Sub”), pursuant to which, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company, with the Company surviving such merger (the “Merger”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Centene. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each issued and outstanding share of the Company’s common stock will be automatically canceled and converted into the right to receive $95.00 in cash. The Company expects to complete the transaction in the fourth quarter of 2021.

The Merger has been approved by the Company’s board of directors, the Company’s stockholders and Centene’s board of directors. The completion of the Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including, among others, the receipt of various regulatory approvals. For additional information on the Merger Agreement and the Merger, please refer to the Company’s Current Reports on Forms 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 4, 2021 and March 31, 2021, and our definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on February 19, 2021 (the “Proxy Statement”). The Company cannot guarantee that the Merger will be completed on a timely basis or at all or that, if completed, it will be completed on the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.

Business Overview

The Company provides managed care and pharmacy solutions for some of the most complex areas of healthcare. The Company offers innovative solutions that combine analytics, technology and clinical rigor to drive better decision making, positively impact members’ health outcomes and optimize the cost of care for the customers Magellan serves. The Company provides services to health plans and other managed care organizations (“MCOs”), employers, labor unions, various military and governmental agencies and third-party administrators (“TPAs”). Magellan operates three segments: Healthcare, Pharmacy Management and Corporate.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

Healthcare Segment

The Healthcare Segment (“Healthcare”) customers include health plans, accountable care organizations (“ACOs”), employers, the United States military and various federal government agencies for whom Magellan provides carve-out management services for (i) behavioral health, (ii) employee assistance plans (“EAP”) and (iii) other areas of specialty healthcare including diagnostic imaging, musculoskeletal management, cardiac and physical medicine. These management services can be applied broadly across commercial, Medicaid and Medicare populations, or on a more targeted basis for our health plans and ACO customers. The segment also includes Magellan’s carve-out behavioral health contracts with various state Medicaid agencies, as well as certain provider assets that deliver primary care and behavioral healthcare services through an integrated approach.

Magellan’s coordination and management of these healthcare services are provided through its comprehensive network of medical and behavioral health professionals, clinics, hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, home care agencies and ancillary service providers. This network of credentialed providers is integrated with clinical and quality improvement programs to improve access to care and enhance the healthcare experience for individuals in need of care, while at the same time making the cost of these services more affordable for our customers. In addition to the Company’s provider assets where it provides treatment services in certain geographies, the Company also employs licensed behavioral health counselors to deliver non-medical counseling under certain government contracts.

The Company provides its Healthcare management services primarily through: (i) risk-based contractual arrangements, where the Company assumes all or a substantial portion of the responsibility for the cost of providing treatment services in exchange for a fixed per member per month (“PMPM”) fee, or (ii) administrative services only (“ASO”) contractual arrangements, where the Company provides services such as utilization review, claims administration and/or provider network management, but does not assume full responsibility for the cost of the treatment services, in exchange for an administrative fee and, in some instances, a gain share.

Pharmacy Management Segment

The Pharmacy Management segment (“Pharmacy Management”) is comprised of services that provide clinical and financial management of pharmaceuticals paid under both the medical and the pharmacy benefit. Pharmacy Management’s customer solutions include: (i) pharmacy benefit management (“PBM”) services, including pharmaceutical dispensing operations; (ii) pharmacy benefit administration (“PBA”) for state Medicaid and other government sponsored programs; (iii) clinical and formulary management programs; (iv) medical pharmacy management programs; and (v) programs for the integrated management of specialty drugs across both the medical and pharmacy benefit that treat complex conditions, regardless of site of service, method of delivery, or benefit reimbursement.

These services are available individually, in combination, or in a fully integrated manner. The Company markets its pharmacy management services to managed care organizations, employers, third party administrators, state governments, and other government agencies, exchanges, brokers and consultants. In addition, the Company will continue to upsell its pharmacy services to its existing customers and market its pharmacy solutions to the Healthcare customer base, including through integrated Pharmacy Management and Healthcare service offerings.

Pharmacy Management contracts with its customers for services using risk-based, gain share or ASO arrangements.

On May 11, 2020, the Company announced its decision of the non-renewal of Pharmacy Management’s individual Part D Prescription Drug Plan (“PDP”) at the end of 2020. Any activity related to Medicare Part D business reflected in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is related to final run-out of the 2020 Part D contract provision and is included in continuing operations. The Company continues to retain its Medicare Employer Group Waiver Plan as well as full capabilities to serve the PBM needs of its existing and prospective Medicare customers.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

Corporate

This segment of the Company is comprised primarily of amounts not allocated to the Healthcare and Pharmacy Management segments that are largely associated with costs related to being a publicly traded company.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 was effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates of the Company can include, among other things, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, medical claims payable, other medical liabilities, stock compensation assumptions, tax contingencies and legal liabilities. In addition, the Company also makes estimates in relation to revenue recognition under Accounting Standard Codification 606 (“ASC 606”) which are explained in more detail in “Revenue Recognition” below. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

Revenue Recognition

Virtually all of the Company’s revenues are derived from business in North America. The following tables disaggregate our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 by major service line, type of customer and timing of revenue recognition (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Healthcare		Pharmacy Management		Elimination		Total
Major Service Lines
Behavioral & Specialty Health
Risk-based, non-EAP	$	352,442	$	—	$	(95)	$	352,347
EAP risk-based		74,703		—		—		74,703
ASO		62,306		11,631		(50)		73,887
PBM, including dispensing		—		540,615		(5,117)		535,498
Medicare Part D		—		65,931		—		65,931
PBA		—		35,068		—		35,068
Formulary management		—		31,327		—		31,327
Other		—		1,356		—		1,356
Total net revenue	$	489,451	$	685,928	$	(5,262)	$	1,170,117

Type of Customer
Government	$	240,845	$	210,040	$	—	$	450,885
Non-government		248,606		475,888		(5,262)		719,232
Total net revenue	$	489,451	$	685,928	$	(5,262)	$	1,170,117

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Transferred at a point in time	$	—	$	606,546	$	(5,117)	$	601,429
Transferred over time		489,451		79,382		(145)		568,688
Total net revenue	$	489,451	$	685,928	$	(5,262)	$	1,170,117

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	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Healthcare		Pharmacy Management		Elimination		Total
Major Service Lines
Behavioral & Specialty Health
Risk-based, non-EAP	$	437,809	$	—	$	(78)	$	437,731
EAP risk-based		75,369		—		—		75,369
ASO		67,100		11,834		(97)		78,837
PBM, including dispensing		—		587,622		(3,324)		584,298
Medicare Part D		—		1,229		—		1,229
PBA		—		39,206		—		39,206
Formulary management		—		34,734		—		34,734
Other		—		2,714		—		2,714
Total net revenue	$	580,278	$	677,339	$	(3,499)	$	1,254,118

Type of Customer
Government	$	235,636	$	142,642	$	—	$	378,278
Non-government		344,642		534,697		(3,499)		875,840
Total net revenue	$	580,278	$	677,339	$	(3,499)	$	1,254,118

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Transferred at a point in time	$	—	$	588,851	$	(3,324)	$	585,527
Transferred over time		580,278		88,488		(175)		668,591
Total net revenue	$	580,278	$	677,339	$	(3,499)	$	1,254,118


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Healthcare		Pharmacy Management		Elimination		Total
Major Service Lines
Behavioral & Specialty Health
Risk-based, non-EAP	$	1,046,486	$	—	$	(277)	$	1,046,209
EAP risk-based		232,060		—		—		232,060
ASO		180,832		35,436		(218)		216,050
PBM, including dispensing		—		1,558,211		(14,515)		1,543,696
Medicare Part D		—		178,308		—		178,308
PBA		—		96,008		—		96,008
Formulary management		—		78,550		—		78,550
Other		—		1,690		—		1,690
Total net revenue	$	1,459,378	$	1,948,203	$	(15,010)	$	3,392,571

Type of Customer
Government	$	690,340	$	622,986	$	—	$	1,313,326
Non-government		769,038		1,325,217		(15,010)		2,079,245
Total net revenue	$	1,459,378	$	1,948,203	$	(15,010)	$	3,392,571

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Transferred at a point in time	$	—	$	1,736,519	$	(14,515)	$	1,722,004
Transferred over time		1,459,378		211,684		(495)		1,670,567
Total net revenue	$	1,459,378	$	1,948,203	$	(15,010)	$	3,392,571

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Healthcare		Pharmacy Management		Elimination		Total
Major Service Lines
Behavioral & Specialty Health
Risk-based, non-EAP	$	1,240,540	$	—	$	(256)	$	1,240,284
EAP risk-based		245,634		—		—		245,634
ASO		212,253		36,004		(224)		248,033
PBM, including dispensing		—		1,673,245		(10,331)		1,662,914
Medicare Part D		—		2,913		—		2,913
PBA		—		132,558		—		132,558
Formulary management		—		96,979		—		96,979
Other		—		7,220		—		7,220
Total net revenue	$	1,698,427	$	1,948,919	$	(10,811)	$	3,636,535

Type of Customer
Government	$	741,252	$	453,050	$	—	$	1,194,302
Non-government		957,175		1,495,869		(10,811)		2,442,233
Total net revenue	$	1,698,427	$	1,948,919	$	(10,811)	$	3,636,535

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Transferred at a point in time	$	—	$	1,676,158	$	(10,331)	$	1,665,827
Transferred over time		1,698,427		272,761		(480)		1,970,708
Total net revenue	$	1,698,427	$	1,948,919	$	(10,811)	$	3,636,535

Per Member Per Month (“PMPM”) Revenue. Almost all of the Healthcare revenue and a small portion of the Pharmacy Management revenue is paid on a PMPM basis. PMPM revenue is inclusive of revenue from the Company’s risk, EAP and ASO contracts and primarily relates to managed care contracts for services such as the provision of behavioral healthcare, specialty healthcare or pharmacy management. PMPM contracts generally have a term of one year or longer, with the exception of government contracts where the customer can terminate with as little as 30 days’ notice for no significant penalty. All managed care contracts have a single performance obligation that constitutes a series for the provision of managed healthcare services for a population of enrolled members for the duration of the contract. The transaction price for PMPM contracts is entirely variable as it primarily includes PMPM fees associated with unspecified membership that fluctuates throughout the contract. In certain contracts, PMPM fees also include adjustments for things such as performance incentives, performance guarantees and risk shares. The Company generally estimates the transaction price using an expected value methodology and amounts are only included in the net transaction price to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur once any uncertainty is resolved. The majority of the Company’s net PMPM transaction price relates specifically to its efforts to transfer the service for a distinct increment of the series (e.g. day or month) and is recognized as revenue in the month in which members are entitled to service. The remaining transaction price is recognized over the contract period (or portion of the series to which it specifically relates) based upon estimated membership as a measure of progress.

Pharmacy Benefit Management Revenue. The Company’s customers for PBM business, including pharmaceutical dispensing operations, are generally comprised of MCOs, employer groups and health plans. PBM relationships generally have an expected term of one year or longer. A master services arrangement (“MSA”) is executed by the Company and the customer, which outlines the terms and conditions of the PBM services to be provided. When a member in the customer’s organization submits a prescription, a claim is created which is presented for approval. The acceptance of each individual claim creates enforceable rights and obligations for each party and represents a separate contract. For each individual claim, the performance obligations are limited to the processing and adjudication of the claim, or dispensing of the products purchased. Generally, the transaction price for PBM services is explicitly listed in each contract and does not represent variable consideration. The Company recognizes PBM revenue, which consists of a negotiated prescription price (ingredient cost plus dispensing fee), co-payments and any associated administrative fees,

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when claims are adjudicated or the drugs are shipped. The Company recognizes PBM revenue on a gross basis (i.e. including drug costs and co-payments) as it is acting as the principal in the arrangement, controls the underlying service, and is contractually obligated to its clients and network pharmacies, which is a primary indicator of gross reporting. In addition, the Company is solely responsible for the claims adjudication process, negotiating the prescription price for the pharmacy, collecting payments from the client for drugs dispensed by the pharmacy, and managing the total prescription drug relationship with the client’s members. If the Company enters into a contract where it is only an administrator, and does not assume any of the risks previously noted, revenue will be recognized on a net basis. For dispensing, at the time of shipment, the earnings process is complete; the obligation of the Company’s customer to pay for the specialty pharmaceutical drugs is fixed, and, due to the nature of the product, the member may neither return the specialty pharmaceutical drugs nor receive a refund.

Pharmacy Benefit Administration Revenue. The Company provides Medicaid pharmacy services to states and other government sponsored programs. PBA contracts are generally multi-year arrangements but include language regarding early termination for convenience without material penalty provisions that results in enforceable rights and obligations on a month-to-month basis. In PBA arrangements, the Company is generally paid a fixed fee per month to provide PBA services. In addition, some PBA contracts contain upfront fees that constitute a material right. For contracts without an upfront fee, there is a single performance obligation to stand ready to provide the PBA services required for the contracted period. The Company believes that the customer receives the PBA benefits each day from access to the claims processing activities, and has concluded that a time-based measure is appropriate for recognizing PBA revenue. For contracts with an upfront fee, the material right represents an additional performance obligation. Amounts allocated to the material right are initially recorded as a contract liability and recognized as revenue over the anticipated period of benefit of the material right, which generally ranges from 2 to 10 years.

Formulary Management Revenue. The Company administers formulary management programs for certain clients through which the Company coordinates the achievement, calculation and collection of rebates and administrative fees from pharmaceutical manufacturers on behalf of clients. Formulary management contracts generally have a term of one year or longer. All formulary management contracts have a single performance obligation that constitutes a series for the provision of rebate services for a drug, with utilization measured and settled on a quarterly basis, for the duration of the arrangement. The Company retains its administrative fee and/or a percentage of rebates that is included in its contract with the client from collecting the rebate from the manufacturer. While the administrative fee and/or the percentage of rebates retained is fixed, there is an unknown quantity of pharmaceutical purchases (utilization) during each quarter; therefore the transaction price itself is variable. The Company uses the expected value methodology to estimate the total rebates earned each quarter based on estimated volumes of pharmaceutical purchases by the Company’s clients during the quarter, as well as historical and/or anticipated retained rebate percentages. The Company does not record as rebate revenue any rebates that are passed through to its clients.

In relation to the Company’s PBM business, the Company administers rebate programs through which it receives rebates from pharmaceutical manufacturers that are shared with its customers. The Company recognizes rebates when the Company is entitled to them and when the amounts of the rebates are determinable. The amount recorded for rebates earned by the Company from the pharmaceutical manufacturers is recorded as a reduction of cost of goods sold.

Government EAP Risk-Based Revenue. The Company has certain contracts with federal customers for the provision of various managed care services, which are classified as EAP risk-based business. These contracts are generally multi-year arrangements. The Company’s federal contracts are reimbursed on either a fixed fee basis or a cost reimbursement basis. The performance obligation on a fixed fee contract is to stand ready to provide the staffing required for the contracted period. For fixed fee contracts, the Company believes the invoiced amount corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance completed to date; therefore, the Company is utilizing the “right to invoice” practical expedient, with revenue recognition in the amount for which the Company has the right to invoice.

The performance obligation on a cost reimbursement contract is to stand ready to provide the activity or services purchased by the customer, such as the operation of a counseling services group or call center. The performance obligation represents a series for the duration of the arrangement. The reimbursement rate is fixed per the contract; however, the level of activity (e.g., number of hours, number of counselors or number of units) is variable. A majority of

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the Company’s cost reimbursement transaction price relates specifically to its efforts to transfer the service for a distinct increment of the series (e.g. day or month) and is recognized as revenue when the portion of the series for which it relates has been provided (i.e. as the Company provides hours, counselors or units of service).

In accordance with ASC 606-10-50-13, the Company is required to include disclosure on its remaining performance obligations as of the end of the current reporting period. Due to the nature of the contracts in the Company’s PBM business, these reporting requirements are not applicable. The majority of the Company’s remaining contracts meet certain exemptions as defined in ASC 606-10-50-14 through 606-10-50-14A, including (i) performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less; (ii) the right to invoice practical expedient; and (iii) variable consideration related to unsatisfied performance obligations that is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct service that forms part of a single performance obligation, and the terms of that variable consideration relate specifically to our efforts to transfer the distinct service, or to a specific outcome from transferring the distinct service. For the Company’s contracts that pertain to these exemptions: (i) the remaining performance obligations primarily relate to the provision of managed healthcare services to the customers’ membership; (ii) the estimated remaining duration of these performance obligations ranges from the remainder of the current calendar year to three years; and (iii) variable consideration for these contracts primarily includes net PMPM fees associated with unspecified membership that fluctuates throughout the contract.

Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Accounts receivable, contract assets and contract liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands, except percentages):


	December 31,		September 30,
	2020		2021		$ Change		% Change
Accounts receivable	$	799,803	$	856,059	$	56,256		7.0%
Contract assets		3,566		8,114		4,548		127.5%
Contract liabilities - current		6,772		7,287		515		7.6%
Contract liabilities - long-term		11,073		11,290		217		2.0%

Accounts receivable, which are included in accounts receivable, other current assets and other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheets, increased by $56.3 million, mainly due to timing of receipts. Contract assets, which are included in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets, increased by $4.5 million, mainly due to the timing of accrual of certain performance incentives. Contract liabilities – current, which are included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, increased by $0.5 million, mainly due to certain revenue payments received in advance. Contract liabilities – long-term, which are included in deferred credits and other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, increased by $0.2 million mainly due to payments received for which recognition will be long term partially offset by certain balances which became current.

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized revenue of $2.0 million that was included in current contract liabilities at June 30, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized revenue of $5.9 million that was included in current contract liabilities at December 31, 2020. The estimated timing of recognition of amounts included in contract liabilities at September 30, 2021 are as follows: 2021—$2.1 million; 2022—$6.5 million; 2023—$4.2 million; 2024 and beyond—$5.8 million. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the revenue the Company recognized related to performance obligations that were satisfied, or partially satisfied, in previous periods was not material.

The Company’s accounts receivable consists of amounts due from customers throughout the United States. Collateral is generally not required. A majority of the Company’s contracts have payment terms in the month of service, or within a few months thereafter. The timing of payments from customers from time to time generates contract assets or contract liabilities; however, these amounts are immaterial.

The Company’s accounts receivable is net of an allowance for credit losses. The estimate of current expected

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credit losses on trade receivables considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Management elected to disaggregate trade receivables into business segments due to risk characteristics unique to each platform given the individual lines of business and market. Pooling was further disaggregated based on either geography or product type.

The Company leveraged historical write offs over a defined lookback period in deriving a historical loss rate. The expected credit loss model further considers current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts through the use of an adjustment for current and projected macroeconomic factors. Management identified appropriate macroeconomic indicators based on tangible correlation to historical losses, giving consideration to the location and risks associated with the Company’s customers.

Significant Customers

Customers exceeding ten percent of the consolidated Company’s net revenues

The Company had no customers that exceeded ten percent of the Company’s net revenues from continuing operations.

Customers exceeding ten percent of segment net revenues

The following customers generated in excess of ten percent of net revenues from continuing operations for the respective segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 (in thousands):


Segment	Term Date	2020		2021
Healthcare
Customer A	December 31, 2021	$	259,286	$	283,373
Customer B	December 31, 2024		147,177		300,450

Pharmacy Management
Customer C	March 31, 2024		284,697		247,786

Concentration of Business

The Company also has a significant concentration of business with various counties in the State of Pennsylvania (the “Pennsylvania Counties”) which are part of the Pennsylvania Medicaid program, with members under its contract with CMS and with various agencies and departments of the United States federal government. Net revenues from the Pennsylvania Counties in the aggregate totaled $428.6 million and $448.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The contract for one of the Pennsylvania Counties, which represents net revenues of $93.7 million and $99.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively, is scheduled to terminate on December 31, 2021. Net revenues from members in relation to its contracts with CMS in aggregate totaled $178.3 million and $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, the Company had $69.6 million and $40.7 million, respectively, in net receivables associated with Medicare Part D from CMS and other parties related to this business. In May 2020, the Company announced its decision of the non-renewal of Pharmacy Management’s individual Part D PDP at the end of 2020. Net revenues from contracts with various agencies and departments of the United States federal government in aggregate totaled $200.1 million and $215.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The Company’s contracts with customers typically have stated terms of one to three years, and in certain cases contain renewal provisions (at the customer’s option) for successive terms of between one and two years (unless terminated earlier). Substantially all of these contracts may be immediately terminated with cause and many of the Company’s contracts are terminable without cause by the customer or the Company either upon the giving of requisite notice and the passage of a specified period of time (typically between 30 and 180 days) or upon the occurrence of other specified events. In addition, the Company’s contracts with federal, state and local governmental agencies generally are

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conditioned on legislative appropriations. These contracts generally can be terminated or modified by the customer if such appropriations are not made.

Leases

The Company leases certain office space, distribution centers, land and equipment. We assess each contract to determine if it contains a lease. This assessment is based on (i) the right to control the use of an identified asset; (ii) the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset; and (iii) the right to use the identified asset. The Company elected the short-term lease practical expedient; thus, leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not capitalized and the expense is recognized on a straight-line basis. Most leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease from one to ten years. The exercise of renewal options is at the sole discretion of the Company. Renewal options that the Company is reasonably certain to accept are recognized as part of the right-of-use (“ROU”) asset.

Operating leases are included in other long-term assets, accrued liabilities and deferred credits and other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current debt, finance lease deferred financing obligations and long-term debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations in the consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments per the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the rate implicit in most of our leases is not readily determinable, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments.

The following table shows the components of lease expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Operating lease cost	$	2,292	$	7,040
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use asset		471		1,743
Interest on lease liabilities		144		465
Total finance lease cost		615		2,208
Short-term lease cost		42		123
Variable lease cost		527		1,290
Total lease cost		3,476		10,661
Sublease income		—		(7)
Net lease cost	$	3,476	$	10,654

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The following table shows the components of the lease assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2021
Operating leases:
Other long-term assets	$	30,411

Accrued liabilities	$	10,994
Deferred credits and other long-term liabilities		32,063
Total operating lease liabilities	$	43,057

Finance leases:
Property and equipment, net	$	9,637

Current debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations	$	4,493
Long-term debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations		8,524
Total finance lease liabilities	$	13,017

The maturity dates of the Company’s leases as of September 30, 2021 are summarized below (in thousands):


	September 30, 2021
2021	$	4,334
2022		15,795
2023		13,178
2024		11,392
2025		6,085
2026 and beyond		6,171
Total lease payments		56,955
Less interest		(881)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	56,074

The following table shows the weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate as of September 30, 2021:


	September 30, 2021
Weighted average remaining lease term years
Operating leases		4.59
Finance leases		3.00
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases		2.96%
Finance leases		4.41%

Supplemental cash flow information relating to leases is as follows (in thousands):


	Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	10,483
Operating cash flows from finance leases		3,341
Financing cash flows from finance leases		465
Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new lease obligation
Operating leases		1,637
Finance leases		—

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Fair Value Measurements

The Company has certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These assets and liabilities are to be measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy, which are as follows:

Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2—Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (i.e., interest rates, yield curves, etc.), and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market corroborated inputs).

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The Company develops these inputs based on the best information available, including the Company’s data.

In accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above, the following table shows the fair value of the Company’s assets that are required to be measured at fair value as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	—	$	679,554	$	—	$	679,554
Investments:
U.S. Government and agency securities		42,399		—		—		42,399
Corporate debt securities		—		99,749		—		99,749
Certificates of deposit		—		1,311		—		1,311
Total assets held at fair value	$	42,399	$	780,614	$	—	$	823,013


	September 30, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents (2)	$	—	$	999,520	$	—	$	999,520
Investments:
U.S. Government and agency securities		16,530		—		—		16,530
Corporate debt securities		—		125,389		—		125,389
Taxable municipal bonds		—		12,299				12,299
Certificates of deposit		—		1,300		—		1,300
Total assets held at fair value	$	16,530	$	1,138,508	$	—	$	1,155,038

(1)	Excludes $464.9 million of cash held in bank accounts by the Company.

(2)	Excludes $38.9 million of cash held in bank accounts by the Company.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company has not transferred any assets between fair value measurement levels.

The carrying values of financial instruments, including accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The fair value of the Notes (as defined below) of $395.6 million as of September 30, 2021 was determined based on quoted market prices and would be classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Company’s term loan of $150.0 million as of September 30, 2021 was based on current interest rates for similar types of borrowings and is in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The estimated

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fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could be realized as of the balance sheet date or that will be realized in the future.

All of the Company’s investments are classified as “available-for-sale” and are carried at fair value.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid interest-bearing investments with maturity dates of three months or less when purchased, consisting primarily of money market instruments. Book overdrafts are reflected within accounts payable on the balance sheets. At September 30, 2021, the Company had no book overdrafts. At September 30, 2021, the Company’s excess capital and undistributed earnings for the Company’s regulated subsidiaries of approximately $37.5 million are included in cash and cash equivalents.

Investments

If a debt security is in an unrealized loss position and the Company has the intent to sell the debt security, or it is more likely than not that the Company will have to sell the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the decline in value is deemed to be other-than-temporary and is recorded to other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. For impaired debt securities that the Company does not intend to sell or it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell such securities, but the Company expects that it will not fully recover the amortized cost basis, the credit component of the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in net income and the non-credit component of the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

As of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, there were no material unrealized losses that the Company determined to be other-than-temporary. No realized gains or losses were recorded for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2020 or 2021. The following is a summary of short-term and long-term investments at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2020
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Government and agency securities	$	42,389	$	11	$	(1)	$	42,399
Corporate debt securities		99,861		3		(115)		99,749
Certificates of deposit		1,311		—		—		1,311
Total investments at December 31, 2020	$	143,561	$	14	$	(116)	$	143,459


	September 30, 2021
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Estimated
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Government and agency securities	$	16,529	$	1	$	—	$	16,530
Corporate debt securities		125,452		—		(63)		125,389
Taxable municipal bonds		12,298		2		(1)		12,299
Certificates of deposit		1,300		—		—		1,300
Total investments at September 30, 2021	$	155,579	$	3	$	(64)	$	155,518

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The maturity dates of the Company’s investments as of September 30, 2021 are summarized below (in thousands):


	Amortized		Estimated
	Cost		Fair Value
2021	$	63,482	$	63,473
2022		92,097		92,045
Total investments at September 30, 2021	$	155,579	$	155,518

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rates from continuing operations were 791.9 percent and 32.5 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively. These rates differ from the applicable federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to state income taxes and permanent differences between book and tax income. The Company also accrues interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its provision for income taxes. The significant effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is primarily due to discrete adjustments for the nonrecurring tax benefit related to the divestiture recognized in the prior year, relative to the pre-tax loss for the period.

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return with its eighty-percent or more controlled subsidiaries. The Company and its subsidiaries also file income tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 was signed into law on December 27, 2020 and The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 was signed March 11, 2021. All three acts provide widespread emergency relief for the economy and aid to corporations including several significant provisions related to taxes. As of September 30, 2021, the Company has not utilized (nor does it anticipate utilizing) any of the provisions that would result in a material impact on its results.

Net Operating Loss Carryforwards

The Company and its subsidiaries have $75.0 million of net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) available to reduce state and local taxable income at certain subsidiaries in 2021 and subsequent years. Most of these NOLs will expire in 2021 and subsequent years if not used and are subject to examination and adjustment by the respective tax authorities. In addition, the Company’s utilization of certain of these NOLs is subject to limitations as to the timing and amount. Other than those considered in determining the valuation allowances discussed below, the Company does not believe these limitations will restrict the Company’s ability to use any of these state and local NOLs before they expire.

Deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 are shown net of valuation allowances of $0.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively. These valuation allowances mainly relate to uncertainties regarding the eventual realization of certain state NOLs. Reversals of valuation allowances are recorded in the period they occur, typically as reductions to income tax expense. Determination of the amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable requires significant judgment and estimation regarding the forecasts of future taxable income which are consistent with the plans and estimates the Company uses to manage the underlying businesses. Although consideration is also given to potential tax planning strategies which might be available to improve the realization of deferred tax assets, none were identified which were both prudent and reasonable. The Company believes taxable income expected to be generated in the future will be sufficient to support realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets, as reduced by valuation allowances. This determination is based upon earnings history and future earnings expectations.

Health Care Reform

The Patient Protection and the Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (collectively, the “Health Reform Law”), imposed a mandatory annual fee on health insurers for each calendar year beginning on or after January 1, 2014. The Company obtained rate adjustments from customers to cover the direct costs of these fees and the impact from non-deductibility of such fees for federal and state income tax

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purposes. Congress repealed the HIF fee effective for plan years after December 31, 2020. For 2020 the HIF fee was $36.2 million, of which $12.4 related to continuing operations, and was paid in 2020.

Stock Compensation

At December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, the Company had equity-based employee incentive plans, which are described more fully in Note 6 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021. The Company recorded stock compensation expense of $5.8 million and $18.8 million, of which $0.4 million and $1.0 million in included in discontinued operations, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $6.0 million and $19.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Stock compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 has been reduced for forfeitures, estimated at between zero and four percent for all periods.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, tax expense on deficiencies (net of the tax deductions in excess of recognized stock compensation expense) was $2.2 million, which was included as an increase to income tax expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the benefit of tax deductions in excess of recognized stock compensation expense (net of deficiencies) was $2.0 million, which was included as a reduction of income tax expense.

Summarized information related to the Company’s stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is as follows:


		Weighted
		Average
		Exercise
	Options	Price
Outstanding, beginning of period	1,045,283	$	75.48
Granted	—		—
Forfeited	(34,683)		90.91
Exercised	(276,392)		64.25
Outstanding, end of period	734,208	$	78.98
Vested and expected to vest at end of period	733,266	$	79.00
Exercisable, end of period	650,420	$	80.71

Summarized information related to the Company’s nonvested restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is as follows:


		Weighted
		Average
		Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period	54,314	$	77.33
Awarded	6,312		94.56
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	—		—
Outstanding, ending of period	60,626		79.13

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Summarized information related to the Company’s nonvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is as follows:


		Weighted
		Average
		Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period	428,362	$	65.83
Awarded	280,374		92.87
Vested	(160,092)		68.04
Forfeited	(18,188)		75.62
Outstanding, ending of period	530,456		79.12

Grants of RSAs vest on the anniversary of the grant. In general, RSUs vest ratably on each anniversary over the three years subsequent to grant.

Summarized information related to the Company’s nonvested restricted performance stock units (“PSUs”) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 is as follows:


		Weighted
		Average
		Grant Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period	278,945	$	99.80
Awarded	—		—
Vested	—		—
Forfeited	(63,324)		141.61
Outstanding, end of period	215,621		87.51

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

The following table shows the components of debt and finance lease obligations, including the current component, at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	December 31,		September 30,
	2020		2021
Senior Notes	$	359,632	$	359,706
Term loan		263,125		150,000
Other loan		2,154		—
Finance leases - land and equipment		16,359		13,017
Finance leases - software as service arrangements		1,298		60
Deferred loan costs		(4,192)		(3,201)
Total debt and finance lease obligations	$	638,376	$	519,582

Senior Notes

On September 22, 2017, the Company completed the public offering of $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.400% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “Notes”). The Notes are governed by an indenture dated as of September 22, 2017 (the “Base Indenture”), between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, and is supplemented by a first supplemental indenture dated as of September 22, 2017 (the “First Supplemental Indenture” together, with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”), between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. Since the public offering, the Company purchased and subsequently retired $40.0 million of its Notes, of which $28.9 million was purchased and subsequently retired in March 2020 that resulted in a loss on retirement of $0.7 million that is included in interest expense. The Notes were issued at a discount and had a carrying value of $359.6 million and $359.7 million at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively.

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The Notes bear interest payable semiannually in cash in arrears on March 22 and September 22 of each year, commencing on March 22, 2018, which rate is subject to an interest rate adjustment upon the occurrence of certain credit rating events. The interest rate on the Notes on September 30, 2021 was 4.900%. The Notes mature on September 22, 2024. The Indenture provides that the Notes are redeemable at the Company’s option, in whole or in part, at any time on or after July 22, 2024, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date.

The Indenture also contains certain covenants which restrict the Company’s ability to, among other things, create liens on its and its subsidiaries’ assets; engage in sale and lease-back transactions; and engage in a consolidation, merger or sale of assets.

Credit Agreement

On September 22, 2017, the Company entered into a credit agreement with various lenders that provides for a $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility and a $350.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility to the Company, as the borrower (the “2017 Credit Agreement”). On August 13, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the 2017 Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date by one year. On February 27, 2019, the Company entered into a second amendment to the 2017 Credit Agreement, which amended the total leverage ratio covenant through December 31, 2019, and which was necessary in order for the Company to remain in compliance with the terms of the 2017 Credit Agreement. The 2017 Credit Agreement is scheduled to mature on September 22, 2023.

Under the 2017 Credit Agreement, the annual interest rate on the loan borrowing is equal to (i) in the case of base rate loans, the sum of an initial borrowing margin of 0.500 percent plus the higher of the prime rate, one-half of one percent in excess of the overnight “federal funds” rate, or the Eurodollar rate for one month plus 1.000 percent, or (ii) in the case of Eurodollar rate loans, the sum of an initial borrowing margin of 1.500 percent plus the Eurodollar rate for the selected interest period. The borrowing margin is subject to adjustment based on the Company’s debt rating as provided by certain rating agencies. The Company has the option to borrow in base rate loans or Eurodollar rate loans at its discretion. The Company has elected to borrow in Eurodollar rate loans that currently have a borrowing margin of 1.75 percent plus the Eurodollar rate for the selected interest period. For three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the weighted average interest rate on the term loan facility was approximately 1.85 and 1.92 percent, respectively. The interest rate on the term loan facility was 1.84% on September 30, 2021. The term loan facility balance under the 2017 Credit Agreement totaled $263.1 million and $150.0 million as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively.

In March 2021, the Company made voluntary term loan repayments of $100.0 million. As of September 30, 2021, the contractual maturities, totaling $150.0 million of the term loan under the 2017 Credit Agreement were as follows: 2021—$0.0 million; 2022—$0.0 million; and 2023—$150.0 million. Due to the timing of working capital needs, the Company will periodically borrow from the revolving loan under the 2017 Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, the Company had no revolving loans, resulting in borrowing capacity of $400.0 million under the 2017 Credit Agreement. Included in long-term debt, finance lease and deferred financing obligations are deferred loan and bond issuance costs as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 of $4.2 million and $3.2 million, respectively.

Letter of Credit Agreement

On August 22, 2017, the Company entered into a Continuing Agreement for Standby Letters of Credit with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. (“BTMU”), as issuer (the “L/C Agreement”), under which BTMU, at its sole discretion, may provide stand-by letter of credit to the Company. The Company had letters of credit outstanding under the L/C Agreement as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 of $32.1 million and $33.0 million, respectively.

Finance Lease and Deferred Financing Obligations

There were $16.4 million and $13.0 million of finance lease and deferred financing obligations at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively. The Company’s finance lease and deferred financing

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obligations represent amounts due under leases for certain properties, computer software (acquired prior to the prospective adoption of ASU 2015-05 on January 1, 2016) and equipment. The recorded gross cost of finance lease assets was $43.0 million and $32.8 million at December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

As of September 30, 2021, the Company held a 70% equity interest in Aurelia Health, LLC (“Aurelia”). The other shareholders of Aurelia have the right to exercise put options, requiring the Company to purchase up to 33.3% of the remaining shares during the thirty-day period beginning on January 15, 2022 and each subsequent anniversary thereafter. In addition, for the thirty-day period beginning on January 15, 2022 and each subsequent anniversary thereafter, the Company has the right to purchase 33.3% of the remaining shares (“call option”). The redemption price for these put and call options is based on a fixed multiple of the trailing twelve-month EBITDA at the redemption date. Non-controlling interests with redemption features, such as put options, that are not solely within the Company’s control are considered redeemable non-controlling interests. Redeemable non-controlling interest is considered to be temporary and is therefore reported in a mezzanine level between liabilities and stockholders’ equity on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at the greater of the initial carrying amount adjusted for the non-controlling interest’s share of net income or loss or its redemption value. The carrying value of the non-controlling interest as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021 was $33.1 million and $39.3 million, respectively. The Company evaluates the redemption value on a quarterly basis. If the redemption value is greater than the carrying value, the Company will adjust the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Under this method, this is viewed at the end of the reporting period as if it were also the redemption date for the non-controlling interest. The Company will reflect redemption value adjustments in the earnings per share (“EPS”) calculation if redemption value is in excess of the carrying value of the non-controlling interest. As of September 30, 2021, the redemption value of the non-controlling interest exceeded the carrying value, therefore during the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a $5.0 million adjustment to increase the carrying value.

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NOTE B—Net Income per Common Share Attributable to Magellan Health, Inc.

The following table reconciles income attributable to common shareholders (numerator) and shares (denominator) used in the computations of net income per share attributable to common shareholders (in thousands, except per share data) for the three and nine months ended September 30:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
Numerator:
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	$	(17,296)	$	(114)	$	28,742	$	21,932
Accretion of redeemable non-controlling interest		—		(5,033)		—		(5,033)
Net (loss) income from continuing operations after accretion of redeemable non-controlling interest		(17,296)		(5,147)		28,742		16,899
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax		28,943		6,050		84,660		11,165
Net income after accretion of redeemable non-controlling interest	$	11,647	$	903	$	113,402	$	28,064
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—basic		25,448		26,247		25,078		26,120
Common stock equivalents—stock options		—		—		67		157
Common stock equivalents—RSAs		—		—		22		24
Common stock equivalents—RSUs		—		—		76		174
Common stock equivalents—PSUs		—		—		70		150
Common stock equivalents—employee stock purchase plan		—		—		4		1
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding—diluted		25,448		26,247		25,317		26,626
Net (loss) income per common share—basic:
Continuing operations	$	(0.68)	$	(0.20)	$	1.15	$	0.65
Discontinued operations		1.14		0.23		3.37		0.43
Consolidated operations	$	0.46	$	0.03	$	4.52	$	1.08
Net (loss) income per common share—diluted:
Continuing operations	$	(0.68)	$	(0.20)	$	1.14	$	0.63
Discontinued operations		1.14		0.23		3.34		0.42
Consolidated operations	$	0.46	$	0.03	$	4.48	$	1.05

The weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 were calculated using outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. Common stock equivalents included in the calculation of diluted weighted average common shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 represent stock options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, RSAs, RSUs, PSUs and stock purchased under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

The Company had additional potential dilutive securities outstanding representing 0.6 million and 1.0 million options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and 0.3 million and 0.3 million options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, that were not included in the computation of dilutive securities because they were anti-dilutive for the period. Had these shares not been anti-dilutive, all of these shares would not have been included in the net income attributable to common shareholder per common share calculation as the Company uses the treasury stock method of calculating diluted shares.

NOTE C—Business Segment Information

The accounting policies of the Company’s segments are the same as those described in Note A—“General.” The Company evaluates performance of its segments based on profit or loss from operations before stock compensation expense, depreciation and amortization, interest expense, interest and other income, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration recorded in relation to acquisitions, gain on sale of assets, special charges or benefits, and income taxes (“Segment Profit”). Management uses Segment Profit information for internal reporting and control purposes and considers it important in making decisions regarding the allocation of capital and other resources, risk

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assessment and employee compensation, among other matters. Healthcare subcontracts with Pharmacy Management to provide pharmacy benefits management services for certain of Healthcare’s customers. In addition, Pharmacy Management provides pharmacy benefits management for the Company’s employees covered under its medical plan. As such, revenue, cost of goods sold and direct service costs and other related to these arrangements are eliminated. The Company’s segments are defined in Note A—“General.”

The following tables summarize, for the periods indicated, operating results by business segment (in thousands):


					Corporate
			Pharmacy		and
	Healthcare		Management		Elimination		Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Managed care and other revenue	$	489,451	$	79,382	$	(145)	$	568,688
PBM revenue		—		606,546		(5,117)		601,429
Cost of care		(364,438)		—		—		(364,438)
Cost of goods sold		—		(565,121)		4,852		(560,269)
Direct service costs and other		(104,610)		(91,012)		(21,148)		(216,770)
Stock compensation expense(1)		833		1,615		2,994		5,442
Segment Profit (Loss)	$	21,236	$	31,410	$	(18,564)	$	34,082


					Corporate
			Pharmacy		and
	Healthcare		Management		Elimination		Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Managed care and other revenue	$	580,278	$	88,488	$	(175)	$	668,591
PBM revenue		—		588,851		(3,324)		585,527
Cost of care		(437,308)		—		—		(437,308)
Cost of goods sold		—		(549,472)		3,135		(546,337)
Direct service costs and other		(123,843)		(101,037)		(13,591)		(238,471)
Stock compensation expense(1)		1,465		2,125		2,384		5,974
Segment Profit (Loss)	$	20,592	$	28,955	$	(11,571)	$	37,976


					Corporate
			Pharmacy		and
	Healthcare		Management		Elimination		Consolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Managed care and other revenue	$	1,459,378	$	211,684	$	(495)	$	1,670,567
PBM revenue		—		1,736,519		(14,515)		1,722,004
Cost of care		(1,035,377)		—		—		(1,035,377)
Cost of goods sold		—		(1,635,380)		13,803		(1,621,577)
Direct service costs and other		(310,996)		(252,960)		(56,811)		(620,767)
Stock compensation expense (1)		4,696		5,661		7,474		17,831
Segment Profit (Loss)	$	117,701	$	65,524	$	(50,544)	$	132,681

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					Corporate
			Pharmacy		and
	Healthcare		Management		Elimination		Consolidated
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Managed care and other revenue	$	1,698,427	$	272,761	$	(480)	$	1,970,708
PBM revenue		—		1,676,158		(10,331)		1,665,827
Cost of care		(1,247,234)		—		—		(1,247,234)
Cost of goods sold		—		(1,568,998)		9,777		(1,559,221)
Direct service costs and other		(365,577)		(310,189)		(37,299)		(713,065)
Legal matter settlement		—		9,000		—		9,000
Stock compensation expense (1)		5,919		7,167		6,298		19,384
Segment Profit (Loss)	$	91,535	$	85,899	$	(32,035)	$	145,399

(1)

Stock compensation expense, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration recorded in relation to acquisitions and impairment of intangible assets are included in direct service costs and other operating expenses; however, these amounts are excluded from the computation of Segment Profit.

The following table reconciles (loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes to Segment Profit from continuing operations (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes	$	(19,626)	$	747	$	(4,154)	$	32,502
Stock compensation expense		5,442		5,974		17,831		19,384
Depreciation and amortization		24,730		23,671		71,976		67,613
Interest expense		7,286		5,969		24,239		18,629
Interest and other income		(349)		(299)		(2,119)		(848)
Special charges and other		16,599		1,914		24,908		8,119
Segment Profit from continuing operations	$	34,082	$	37,976	$	132,681	$	145,399

NOTE D—Commitments and Contingencies

Legal

The Company’s operating activities entail significant risks of liability. From time to time, the Company is subject to various actions and claims arising from the acts or omissions of its employees, network providers or other parties. In the normal course of business, the Company receives reports relating to deaths and other serious incidents involving patients for whom the Company provides managed care services. Such incidents occasionally give rise to malpractice, professional negligence and other related actions and claims against the Company or its network providers. Many of these actions and claims received by the Company seek substantial damages and, therefore, require the Company to incur significant fees and costs related to their defense. The Company is also subject to or party to certain class actions and other litigation and claims relating to its operations or business practices including employment practices, and privacy and data protection.

The Company maintains a program of insurance coverage against a broad range of risks in the Company’s business, including certain of the class actions and other litigation and claims asserted against the Company, subject to deductibles and self-insured retentions as is described more fully in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021. The Company has recorded reserves that, in the opinion of management, are adequate to cover litigation, claims or assessments that have been or may be asserted against the Company, and for which the outcome is probable and reasonably estimable. Management

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believes that the resolution of such litigation and claims will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations; however, there can be no assurance in this regard.

Regulatory Issues

The managed healthcare industry is subject to numerous laws and regulations. The subjects of such laws and regulations cover, but are not limited to, matters such as licensure, accreditation, government healthcare program participation requirements, information privacy and security, reimbursement for patient services, and Medicare and Medicaid fraud and abuse. Over the past several years, government activity has increased with respect to investigations and/or allegations concerning possible violations of fraud and abuse and false claims statutes and/or regulations by healthcare organizations and insurers. Entities that are found to have violated these laws and regulations may be excluded from participating in government healthcare programs, subjected to fines or penalties or required to repay amounts received from the government for previously billed patient services. Compliance with such laws and regulations can be subject to future government review and interpretation, as well as regulatory actions unknown or unasserted at this time.

The Company is subject to various federal, state and other laws and rules regarding the use, storage, protection and disclosure of confidential member and protected personal or health information, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (“HITECH Act”) and other applicable laws. The Company has experienced data security incidents resulting in disclosure of confidential or protected personal or health information. We have notified government agencies as appropriate and are cooperating with investigations and requests for information. Noncompliance with any applicable privacy or data security laws and regulations could result in enforcement actions, fines, penalties, and reputational and financial harm to the Company.

In addition, regulators of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries may exercise certain discretionary rights under regulations including increasing their supervision of such entities, requiring additional restricted cash or other security or seizing or otherwise taking control of the assets and operations of such subsidiaries.

The Company is subject to certain federal laws and regulations in connection with its contracts with the federal government. These laws and regulations affect how the Company conducts business with its federal agency customers and may impose added costs on its business. The Company’s failure to comply with federal procurement laws and regulations could cause it to lose business, incur additional costs and subject it to a variety of civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, harm to reputation, suspension of payments, fines, and suspension or debarment from doing business with federal government agencies. The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Armed Forces Services Corporation (“AFSC”), conducts business with federal agency customers and federal contractors to such agencies. The Company investigated, with the assistance of outside counsel, matters relating to compliance by AFSC with Small Business Administration ( “SBA”) regulations and other federal laws applicable to government contractors and reported findings to the SBA and the Department of Defense, including facts indicating violations of SBA regulations and other federal laws, such as the Anti-Kickback Act, by former AFSC executives, none of which was disclosed to Magellan prior to its acquisition of AFSC. The Company voluntarily responded to government requests for further information regarding the Company’s investigation. As a result of the Company's disclosure and the ensuing government investigation, a former AFSC executive pleaded guilty in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia to one count of honest services fraud, and at sentencing in September 2020, the Court ordered the former AFSC executive to pay restitution to AFSC as the victim of that offense. In June 2020, the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Virginia (“U.S. Attorney’s Office”) informed the Company of a civil investigation regarding the Company and AFSC related to potential violations of the False Claims Act and/or the Anti-Kickback Act also stemming from the matters self-disclosed by the Company. In June 2021, AFSC resolved the civil investigation’s allegations of potential violations by entering into a settlement with the U.S. Attorney’s Office and paying $4.3 million in restitution for the kickback payments received by the former AFSC executives which were identified through the Company’s disclosures to the government. The civil claims resolved by the settlement agreement were allegations only; there was no determination of civil liability. Management believes that the civil settlement with the U.S. Attorney’s Office resolves all pending investigations arising from the matters that the Company self-reported; however, there can be no assurance in this regard.

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Stock Repurchases

The Company’s board of directors has previously authorized a series of stock repurchase plans. Stock repurchases for each such plan could be executed through open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchases or other means. The board of directors authorized management to execute stock repurchase transactions from time to time and in such amounts and via such methods as management deemed appropriate. Each stock repurchase program could be limited or terminated at any time without prior notice. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company suspended its stock repurchase programs on January 4, 2021, the date we announced our planned merger with Centene.

The Company’s board of directors approved, and subsequently amended, a stock repurchase plan which authorizes the Company to purchase up to $400 million of its outstanding common stock through November 15, 2021 (the “Repurchase Program”). As of September 30, 2021, the remaining capacity under the Repurchase Program was $186.3 million. Stock repurchases under the programs may be carried out from time to time in open market transactions (including blocks) or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases and the actual amount purchased will depend on a variety of factors including the market price of the Company’s shares, general market and economic conditions, and other corporate considerations. Repurchases may be made pursuant to plans intended to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which could allow the Company to purchase its shares during periods when it otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods. Repurchases are expected to be funded from working capital and anticipated cash from operations. The repurchase authorization does not require the purchase of a specific number of shares and is subject to suspension or termination by the Company’s board of directors at any time.

Pursuant to the Stock Repurchase Program, the Company made purchases as follows (aggregate cost excludes broker commissions and is reflected in millions):


	Total Number	Average
	of Shares	Price Paid		Aggregate
Period	Purchased	per Share		Cost
October 26, 2015 - December 31, 2015	345,044	$	53.46	$	18.4
January 1, 2016 - December 31, 2016	1,828,183		58.40		106.8
January 1, 2017 - December 31, 2017	280,140		77.67		21.8
January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2018	844,872		74.59		63.0
January 1, 2019 - December 31, 2019	60,901		61.15		3.7
January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020	—		—		—
January 1, 2021 - September 30, 2021	—		—		—
	3,359,140			$	213.7

The Company made no share repurchases from October 1, 2021 through October 31, 2021.

NOTE E—Acquisition

Acquisition of Aurelia Health, LLC

Pursuant to the December 18, 2020 purchase agreement (the “Bayless Agreement”) between Bella Vista Enterprises, Inc., Aurelia Health, LLC and the Company, on December 21, 2020 the Company acquired 70 percent of the outstanding membership interests of Aurelia Health, LLC and its subsidiary Michael B. Bayless, LLC (collectively “Bayless”) (the “Bayless Acquisition”).

The base purchase price for the Bayless Acquisition per the Bayless Agreement was $78.4 million. The Company reports the results of operations of Bayless within its Healthcare segment. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company made measurement period adjustments of $0.1 million to increase goodwill related to the Bayless Acquisition.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

NOTE F—Discontinued Operations

Magellan Complete Care – Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement

On December 31, 2020, the Company completed the sale of its MCC Business to Molina, pursuant to a Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2020, by and between the Company and Molina, for cash in the amount of $850 million plus closing adjustments of $158 million (subject to post-closing adjustments, if any), and the assumption by Molina of liabilities of the MCC Business.

In connection with the MCC Sale, the Company and Molina entered into commercial agreements for certain behavioral health, utilization management and related services to be provided by the Company to Molina and the MCC Business. These commercial agreements were subject to termination in connection with the Company’s pending Merger with Centene and will not be implemented. In addition, the parties entered into a transition services agreement pursuant to which the Company and certain of its affiliates provide, or cause third parties to provide, certain services to accommodate the transition of the MCC business to Molina.

The foregoing description of the Purchase Agreement and the MCC Sale does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement, which was filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q which was filed with the SEC on May 11, 2020, and any related agreements.

The accounting requirements for reporting a business to be divested as a discontinued operation were met during the second quarter of 2020. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements for all periods presented reflect the MCC business as a discontinued operation.

The following table summarizes the components of income from discontinued operations that is included in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
Managed care and other revenue	$	744,741	$	—	$	2,200,132	$	—
Costs and expenses:
Cost of care		615,390		—		1,791,298		—
Direct service costs and other operating expenses (1)(2)(3)		89,282		354		265,857		1,555
Depreciation and amortization		5,380		—		16,085		—
Interest expense		—		—		89		—
Interest and other income		(901)		—		(4,919)		—
Gain on sale		—		(8,713)		—		(16,713)
Total costs and expenses		709,151		(8,359)		2,068,410		(15,158)
Income from discontinued operation before income taxes		35,590		8,359		131,722		15,158
Provision for income taxes		6,647		2,309		47,062		3,993
Net income from discontinued operations	$	28,943	$	6,050	$	84,660	$	11,165

(1)	Includes stock compensation expense of $397 and $1,023 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

(2)	Includes divestiture related expenses of $2,195 and $6,154 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

(3)	Includes changes in estimates and transition support services for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

The Company recognized a gain of $8.7 million and $16.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, related to the MCC Sale. This gain represents final determination of the working capital receivable pursuant to the Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement with Molina.

The Company has retained corporate overhead expenses previously allocated to MCC of $7.2 million and $21.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

NOTE G—Special Charges and Other

In 2020, the Company established a transformation office which has an initiative (the “Transformation Initiative”) to lower our operating costs and reinvest in our business by improving and automating processes, leveraging technology, consolidating platforms and reducing any friction our customers, providers and members experience when doing business with us. As part of the Transformation Initiative, the Company is in the process of restructuring certain operating activities which has resulted in the Company recording an adjustment to severance of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, within special charges and other in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

In addition, the Company reevaluated its current office lease footprint. Recoverability of existing operating right-of-use lease assets, and the related fixed assets held at the office locations, to be held and used are measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Any lease terminations or abandonments initiated as a result of the Transformation Initiative that result in an impairment of such right-of-use assets and the location’s related fixtures will be reported as special charges. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, lease terminations and abandonments resulted in the recognition of non-cash pre-tax impairment of $2.8 million within special charges and other in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The impairment charge reduced the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair value. In the future, if events or market conditions affect the estimated fair value to the extent that a long-lived asset is impaired, the Company will adjust the carrying value of these long-lived assets in the period in which the impairment occurs. In addition, the Company accrued various lease shutdown costs of $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, within special charges and other in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

The following table summarizes the components of special charges that are included in the Company’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2021
Non-cash related special charges
Right-of-use assets	$	1,558	$	2,821
Fixed assets		489		448
Total non-cash related special charges		2,047		3,269

Cash related special charges
Employee severance and termination benefits		(357)		(557)
Lease shutdown costs		224		307
Total cash related special charges		(133)		(250)
Total special charges	$	1,914	$	3,019

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MAGELLAN HEALTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

September 30, 2021

(Unaudited)

A roll-forward of the Transformation Initiative liabilities is as follows (in thousands):


	Balance						Balance
	December 31,						September 30,
	2020		Additions		Payments		2021
Employee severance and termination benefits	$	10,983	$	(557)	$	(3,547)	$	6,879
Lease shutdown costs		610		307		(83)		834
	$	11,593	$	(250)	$	(3,630)	$	7,713

The Company has an investment of $8.5 million in a healthcare company that is accounted for on a cost basis. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a $5.1 million impairment on this investment which is reflected in special charges and other within the statement of comprehensive income.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Business Overview

The Company is engaged in the healthcare management business, and is focused on meeting needs in areas of healthcare that are fast growing, highly complex and high cost, with an emphasis on special population management. The Company provides services to health plans and other MCOs, employers, labor unions, various military and governmental agencies, TPAs, consultants and brokers. The Company’s business is divided into three segments, based on the services it provides and/or the customers that it serves. See Item 1—“Business” for more information on the Company’s business segments.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, operating results from continuing operations (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change	September 30,				Change
Continuing Operations	2020		2021		'20 vs '21	2020		2021		'20 vs '21
Statement of Operations Data:
Net revenue	$	1,170,117	$	1,254,118	7.2%	$	3,392,571	$	3,636,535	7.2%
Cost of care		364,438		437,308	20.0%		1,035,377		1,247,234	20.5%
Cost of goods sold		560,269		546,337	(2.5)%		1,621,577		1,559,221	(3.8)%
Direct service costs and other operating expenses (1)		216,770		238,471	10.0%		620,767		713,065	14.9%
Legal matter settlement		—		—	N/A		—		(9,000)	N/A
Depreciation and amortization		24,730		23,671	(4.3)%		71,976		67,613	(6.1)%
Interest expense		7,286		5,969	(18.1)%		24,239		18,629	(23.1)%
Interest and other income		(349)		(299)	(14.3)%		(2,119)		(848)	(60.0)%
Special charges and other		16,599		1,914	(88.5)%		24,908		8,119	(67.4)%
(Loss) income before income taxes		(19,626)		747	(103.8)%		(4,154)		32,502	(882.4)%
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		(2,330)		861	(137.0)%		(32,896)		10,570	(132.1)%
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	$	(17,296)	$	(114)	(99.3)%	$	28,742	$	21,932	(23.7)%

(1)	Includes stock compensation expense of $5,442 and $5,974 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively and $17,831 and $19,384 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Quarter ended September 30, 2021 (“Current Year Quarter”) compared to Quarter ended September 30, 2020 (“Prior Year Quarter”)

Net revenue, Cost of care, Cost of goods sold and Direct service costs and other operating expenses

Net revenue, cost of care, cost of goods sold and direct service costs and other operating expense variances are addressed within the segment results that follow.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by 4.3 percent or $1.1 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter, primarily due to asset maturities, partially offset by normal asset additions after the Prior Year Quarter.

Interest expense

Interest expense decreased by 18.1 percent or $1.3 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter primarily due to lower interest rates and lower debt balances.

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Interest and other income

Interest income decreased by $0.1 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter primarily due to a reduction in rates.

Special charges and other

Special charges and other decreased by $14.7 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter due to a reduction in special charges activity from the Prior Year Quarter, see Note G—“Special Charges and Other” for further discussion.

Income taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rates from continuing operations were 11.9 percent and 115.3 percent for the Prior Year Quarter and Current Year Quarter, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the Prior Year Quarter is lower than the effective income tax rate for the Current Year Quarter primarily due to the relative increase in non-deductible permanent differences in the Current Year Quarter relative to pre-tax income. The effective income tax rate for the Current Year Quarter differs from the federal and state statutory rates primarily due to unfavorable permanent differences.

Nine months ended September 30, 2021 (“Current Year Period”) compared to Nine months ended September 30, 2020 (“Prior Year Period”)

Net revenue, Cost of care, Cost of goods sold and Direct service costs and other operating expenses

Net revenue, cost of care, cost of goods sold and direct service costs and other operating expense variances are addressed within the segment results that follow.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by 6.1 percent or $4.4 million from the Prior Year Period, primarily due to asset maturities, partially offset by normal asset additions after the Prior Year Period.

Interest expense

Interest expense decreased by 23.1 percent or $5.6 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period primarily due to lower interest rates and lower debt balances.

Interest and other income

Interest income decreased by $1.3 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period primarily due to a reduction in rates.

Special charges and other

Special charges and other decreased by $16.8 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period due to a reduction in special charges activity from the Prior Year Period offset by the impairment of an investment in the Current Year Period, see Note G—“Special Charges and Other” for further discussion.

Income taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rates from continuing operations were 791.9 percent and 32.5 percent for the Prior Year Period and Current Year Period, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the Prior Year Period differs from the effective income tax rate for the Current Year Period primarily due to the recognition of the nonrecurring tax benefit related to the divestiture in the Prior Year Period relative to the pre-tax loss for the Prior Year Period. The effective income tax rate for the Current Year Period differs from the federal and state statutory rates primarily due to unfavorable permanent differences.

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Segment Results

The Company manages and measures operational performance through three segments: Healthcare, Pharmacy Management and Corporate. The Company evaluates performance of its segments based on Segment Profit. Management uses Segment Profit information for internal reporting and control purposes and considers it important in making decisions regarding the allocation of capital and other resources, risk assessment and employee compensation, among other matters. Stock compensation expense and changes in fair value of contingent consideration recorded in relation to acquisitions are included in direct service costs and other operating expenses; however, these amounts are excluded from the computation of Segment Profit.

Healthcare

The Healthcare segment includes the Company’s: (i) management of behavioral healthcare services and EAP services and (ii) management of other specialty areas including diagnostic imaging and musculoskeletal management. The Healthcare segment provides management services to health plans, accountable care organizations, employers, state Medicaid agencies, the United States military and various federal government agencies for whom Magellan provides carve-out management services for behavioral health, employee assistance plans, and other areas of specialty healthcare including diagnostic imaging, musculoskeletal management, cardiac, and physical medicine.

The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, operating results for the Healthcare segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change	September 30,				Change
Healthcare Segment Results	2020		2021		'20 vs '21	2020		2021		'20 vs '21
Risk-based, non-EAP	$	352,442	$	437,809	24.2%	$	1,046,486	$	1,240,540	18.5%
EAP risk-based		74,703		75,369	0.9%		232,060		245,634	5.8%
ASO		62,306		67,100	7.7%		180,832		212,253	17.4%
Managed care and other revenue		489,451		580,278	18.6%		1,459,378		1,698,427	16.4%
Cost of care		364,438		437,308	20.0%		1,035,377		1,247,234	20.5%
		125,013		142,970	14.4%		424,001		451,193	6.4%
Direct service costs and other		104,610		123,843	18.4%		310,996		365,577	17.6%
		20,403		19,127	(6.3)%		113,005		85,616	(24.2)%
Stock compensation expense		833		1,465	75.9%		4,696		5,919	26.0%
Segment Profit	$	21,236	$	20,592	(3.0)%	$	117,701	$	91,535	(22.2)%

Direct service cost as % of revenue		21.4%		21.3%			21.3%		21.5%
MLR Behavioral & Specialty Health risk		89.2%		88.1%			83.7%		87.0%
MLR Behavioral & Specialty Health EAP risk		66.6%		68.7%			68.6%		68.4%

Membership
Risk (1)							10,327		15,405	49.2%
EAP risk							13,961		13,136	(5.9)%
ASO							25,663		25,032	(2.5)%
							49,951		53,573	7.3%

(1)

May include some duplicate count of membership for customers that contract with Magellan for both behavioral and other specialty management services.

Current Year Quarter compared to the Prior Year Quarter

Managed care and other revenue

Net revenue increased by 18.6 percent or $90.8 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter. The increase in revenue is primarily due to new contracts implemented after (or during) the Prior Year Quarter of $50.4 million, favorable rate and membership changes of $49.3 million and revenue from acquisitions that occurred after the Prior Year Quarter of $12.7 million. These increases were partially offset by terminated contracts of $12.8

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million, the revenue impact of favorable prior period medical claims development recorded in the Prior Year Quarter of $4.6 million, net revenue recorded for HIF fees in the Prior Year Quarter of $3.9 million and other net unfavorable variances of $0.3 million.

Cost of care

Cost of care increased by 20.0 percent or $72.9 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter. The increase is primarily due to care cost of new contracts implemented after (or during) the Prior Year Quarter of $35.5 million, rate and membership changes of $24.6 million, cost of care for acquisitions that occurred after the Prior Year Quarter of $6.7 million and care trends and other unfavorable variances of $18.2 million. These increases were partially offset by terminated contracts of $7.8 million and net unfavorable prior period medical claims development recorded in the Prior Year Quarter of $4.3 million. Cost of care as a percentage of risk revenue (excluding EAP business) decreased from 89.2 percent in the prior year quarter to 88.1 percent in the Current Year Quarter, mainly due to business mix.

Direct service costs and other

Direct service costs increased 18.4 percent or $19.2 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter primarily due to an increase in corporate investments. Direct services costs decreased slightly as a percentage of revenue from 21.4 percent in the Prior Year Quarter to 21.3 percent in the Current Year Quarter.

Current Year Period compared to the Prior Year Period

Managed care and other revenue

Net revenue increased by 16.4 percent or $239.0 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period. The increase in revenue is primarily due to favorable rate and membership changes of $140.5 million, new contracts implemented after (or during) the Prior Year Period of $115.7 million, revenue from acquisitions that occurred after the Prior Year Period of $35.9 million, the revenue impact of favorable prior period care development recorded in the Prior Year Period of $5.6 million and other net favorable variances of $3.6 million. These increases are partially offset by terminated contracts of $37.5 million, the revenue impact of program changes of $13.0 million and net revenue recorded for HIF fees in the Prior Year Period of $11.8 million.

Cost of care

Cost of care increased by 20.5 percent or $211.9 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period. The increase is primarily due to rate and membership changes of $90.8 million, care cost of new contracts implemented after (or during) the Prior Year Period of $75.7 million, cost of care for acquisitions that occurred after the Prior Year Period of $18.7 million, favorable prior period care development recorded in the Prior Year Period of $6.5 million and care trends and other unfavorable variances of $55.6 million. These increases were partially offset by terminated contracts of $24.3 million and program changes of $11.1 million. Cost of care as a percentage of risk revenue (excluding EAP business) increased from 83.7 percent in the Prior Year Period to 87.0 percent in the Current Year Period, mainly due to higher utilization and business mix.

Direct service costs and other

Direct service costs increased by 17.6 percent or $54.6 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period primarily due to an increase in corporate investments. Direct service costs increased as a percentage of revenue from 21.3 percent in the Prior Year Period to 21.5 percent in the Current Year Period, primarily due to the increase in corporate investments.

Pharmacy Management

The Pharmacy Management segment comprises products and solutions that provide clinical and financial management of pharmaceuticals paid under medical and pharmacy benefit programs. Pharmacy Management’s services include: (i) PBM services; (ii) PBA for state Medicaid and other government sponsored programs; (iii) pharmaceutical dispensing operations; (iv) clinical and formulary management programs; (v) medical pharmacy management programs; and (vi) programs for the integrated management of specialty drugs. Pharmacy Management’s services are provided

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under contracts with health plans, employers, state Medicaid programs, and other government agencies.

The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, operating results for the Pharmacy Management segment (in thousands, except state count):


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change	September 30,				Change
Pharmacy Segment Results	2020		2021		'20 vs '21	2020		2021		'20 vs '21
Formulary management	$	31,327	$	34,734	10.9%	$	78,550	$	96,979	23.5%
PBA and other		48,055		53,754	11.9%		133,134		175,782	32.0%
Managed care and other revenue		79,382		88,488	11.5%		211,684		272,761	28.9%
PBM, including dispensing		540,615		587,622	8.7%		1,558,211		1,673,245	7.4%
Medicare Part D		65,931		1,229	(98.1)%		178,308		2,913	(98.4)%
PBM revenue		606,546		588,851	(2.9)%		1,736,519		1,676,158	(3.5)%
Total net revenue		685,928		677,339	(1.3)%		1,948,203		1,948,919	0.0%
Cost of goods sold		565,121		549,472	(2.8)%		1,635,380		1,568,998	(4.1)%
		120,807		127,867	5.8%		312,823		379,921	21.4%
Direct service costs and other		91,012		101,037	11.0%		252,960		310,189	22.6%
		29,795		26,830	(10.0)%		59,863		69,732	16.5%
Stock compensation expense		1,615		2,125	31.6%		5,661		7,167	26.6%
Legal matter settlement		—		—			—		9,000	100.0%
Segment Profit	$	31,410	$	28,955	(7.8)%	$	65,524	$	85,899	31.1%

Direct service cost as % of revenue		13.3%		14.9%			13.0%		15.9%
COGS as % of PBM revenue		93.2%		93.3%			94.2%		93.6%

Pharmacy Operational Statistics
Adjusted commercial network claims							20,770		19,550
Adjusted PBA claims							39,602		40,515
Total adjusted claims							60,372		60,065

Generic dispensing rate							88.5%		89.0%
Commercial PBM covered lives							1,870		2,034
Medical pharmacy covered lives							15,903		16,197
Total states and DC that participate in PBA							26		26

Current Year Quarter compared to the Prior Year Quarter

Managed care and other revenue

Managed care and other revenue increased by 11.5 percent or $9.1 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter primarily due to increased government pharmacy revenue of $4.2 million mainly due to increased membership, formulary management revenue of $3.4 million mainly due to utilization and other favorable variances of $1.5 million.

PBM revenue

PBM revenue decreased by 2.9 percent or $17.7 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter. The decrease is primarily due to terminated contracts of $64.2 million and other net unfavorable variances of $0.1 million. The decrease is partially offset by new business of $32.3 million and increased membership and utilization of $14.3 million.

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Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold decreased by 2.8 percent or $15.6 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter. This decrease is primarily due to terminated contracts of $61.1 million and other net favorable variances of $1.1 million. These decreases were partially offset by new business of $31.6 million and an increase in membership and utilization of $15.0 million. As a percentage of the portion of net revenue that relates to PBM, cost of goods sold increased from 93.2 percent in the Prior Year Quarter to 93.3 percent in the Current Year Quarter, mainly due to business mix.

Direct service costs and other

Direct service costs increased by 11.0 percent or $10.0 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter primarily due to an increase in corporate investments and new contract implementation costs. Direct service costs increased as a percentage of revenue from 13.3 percent in the Prior Year Quarter to 14.9 percent in the Current Year Quarter primarily due to an increase in corporate investments and new contract implementation costs.

Current Year Period compared to Prior Year Period

Managed care and other revenue

Managed care and other revenue increased by 28.9 percent or $61.1 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period primarily due to increased government pharmacy revenue of $36.8 million mainly due to increased membership, formulary management revenue of $18.4 million and other net favorable variances of $5.9 million.

PBM revenue

PBM revenue decreased by 3.5 percent or $60.4 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period. The decrease is primarily due to terminated contracts of $178.1 million, which decrease is partially offset by an increase in membership and utilization of $80.3 million, new business of $34.0 million and other net favorable variances of $3.4 million.

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold decreased by 4.1 percent or $66.4 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period. This decrease is primarily due to terminated contracts of $173.8 million and other net favorable variances of $0.3 million. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in membership and utilization of $74.3 million and new business of $33.4 million. As a percentage of the portion of net revenue that relates to PBM, cost of goods sold decreased from 94.2 percent in the Prior Year Period to 93.6 percent in the Current Year Period, mainly due to business mix.

Direct service costs and other

Direct service costs increased by 22.6 percent or $57.2 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period primarily due to an increase in corporate investments and new contract implementation costs. Direct service costs increased as a percentage of revenue from 13.0 percent in the Prior Year Period to 15.9 percent in the Current Year Period primarily due to an increase in corporate investments and new contract implementation costs.

Legal matter settlement

In the Current Year Period, the Company recognized a $9.0 million recovery in connection with the resolution of a legal matter.

Corporate Segment

The Corporate segment of the Company is comprised primarily of amounts not allocated to the Healthcare and Pharmacy Management segments, and that are largely associated with costs related to being a publicly traded company.

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The following table summarizes, for the periods indicated, operating results for the Corporate segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change	September 30,				Change
Corporate Segment & Eliminations	2020		2021		'20 vs '21	2020		2021		'20 vs '21
Managed care and other revenue	$	(145)	$	(175)	20.7%	$	(495)	$	(480)	(3.0)%
PBM revenue		(5,117)		(3,324)	(35.0)%		(14,515)		(10,331)	(28.8)%
Cost of goods sold		4,852		3,135	(35.4)%		13,803		9,777	(29.2)%
		(410)		(364)	(11.2)%		(1,207)		(1,034)	(14.3)%
Direct service costs and other		21,148		13,591	(35.7)%		56,811		37,299	(34.3)%
		(21,558)		(13,955)	(35.3)%		(58,018)		(38,333)	(33.9)%
Stock compensation expense		2,994		2,384	(20.4)%		7,474		6,298	(15.7)%
Segment Loss	$	(18,564)	$	(11,571)	(37.7)%	$	(50,544)	$	(32,035)	(36.6)%

Current Year Quarter compared to the Prior Year Quarter

The Corporate segment loss decreased by 37.7 percent or $7.0 million from the Prior Year Quarter to the Current Year Quarter, mainly due to stranded corporate overhead expenses in the Prior Year Quarter related to the sale of the MCC Business. As a percentage of revenue, the Corporate segment loss decreased from 1.6 percent in the Prior Year Quarter to 0.9 percent in the Current Year Quarter, mainly due to increased revenue and stranded overhead expense in the Prior Year Quarter.

Current Year Period compared to the Prior Year Period

The Corporate segment loss decreased by 36.6 percent or $18.5 million from the Prior Year Period to the Current Year Period, mainly due to stranded corporate overhead expenses in the Prior Year Period related to the sale of the MCC Business. As a percentage of revenue, the Corporate segment loss decreased from 1.5 percent for the Prior Year Period to 0.9 the Current Year Period, mainly due to increased revenue and stranded overhead expense in the Prior Year Period.

Inter segment revenues and expenses

Healthcare subcontracts with Pharmacy Management to provide pharmacy benefits management services for certain Healthcare customers. In addition, Pharmacy Management provides pharmacy benefits management for the Company’s employees covered under its medical plan. As such, revenue, cost of goods sold and direct service costs and other related to these arrangements are eliminated within the Corporate segment.

Non-GAAP Measures

The Company reports its financial results in accordance with GAAP; however, the Company’s management also assesses business performance and makes business decisions regarding the Company’s operations using certain non-GAAP measures.

In addition to Segment Profit, as defined above, the Company also uses adjusted net income attributable to Magellan (“Adjusted Net Income”) and adjusted net income per common share attributable to Magellan on a diluted basis (“Adjusted EPS”). Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS reflect certain adjustments made for acquisitions completed after January 1, 2013 to exclude non-cash stock compensation expense resulting from restricted stock purchases by sellers, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration, amortization of identified acquisition intangibles, as well as impairment of identified acquisition intangibles, special charges and any impact related to the sale of MCC. The Company believes these non-GAAP measures provide a more useful comparison of the Company’s underlying business performance from period to period and are more representative of the earnings capacity of the Company. Non-GAAP financial measures disclosed, such as Segment Profit, Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS, should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures determined or calculated in accordance with GAAP.

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The following table reconciles (loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes to Segment Profit from continuing operations (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes	$	(19,626)	$	747	$	(4,154)	$	32,502
Stock compensation expense		5,442		5,974		17,831		19,384
Depreciation and amortization		24,730		23,671		71,976		67,613
Interest expense		7,286		5,969		24,239		18,629
Interest and other income		(349)		(299)		(2,119)		(848)
Special charges and other		16,599		1,914		24,908		8,119
Segment Profit from continuing operations	$	34,082	$	37,976	$	132,681	$	145,399

The following table reconciles net (loss) income from continuing operations to Adjusted Net Income from continuing operations (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
Net (loss) income from continuing operations	$	(17,296)	$	(114)	$	28,742	$	21,932
Adjustments
Stock compensation expense		—		252		—		747
Amortization of acquired intangibles		9,924		6,090		29,183		21,736
Special charges and other		16,599		1,914		24,908		8,119
Tax impact		(6,975)		(2,176)		(14,388)		(8,064)
Nonrecurring tax benefit - divestiture		(105)		—		(39,012)		—
Adjusted Net Income from continuing operations	$	2,147	$	5,966	$	29,433	$	44,470

The following table reconciles net (loss) income from continuing operations per common share—diluted to Adjusted EPS from continuing operations:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2021		2020		2021
Net (loss) income from continuing operations per common share—diluted (1)	$	(0.68)	$	(0.20)	$	1.14	$	0.63
Adjustments
Stock compensation expense		—		0.01		—		0.03
Amortization of acquired intangibles		0.39		0.23		1.15		0.82
Special charges and other		0.65		0.07		0.98		0.30
Tax impact		(0.27)		(0.08)		(0.57)		(0.30)
Nonrecurring tax benefit - divestiture		(0.01)		—		(1.54)		—
Adjusted EPS from continuing operations (1)	$	0.08	$	0.03	$	1.16	$	1.48

(1)

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a $5.0 million adjustment to increase the carrying value of redeemable non-controlling interest with an off-setting entry to retained earnings which is reflected in the earnings per share calculation, but is not recorded as a charge to net income from continuing operations.

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Outlook—Results of Operations

The Company’s Segment Profit and net income are subject to significant fluctuations from period to period. These fluctuations may result from a variety of factors such as those set forth under Item 1A—“Risk Factors” as well as a variety of other factors including: (i) changes in utilization levels by enrolled members of the Company’s risk-based contracts, including seasonal utilization patterns; (ii) contractual adjustments and settlements; (iii) retrospective membership adjustments; (iv) timing of implementation of new contracts, enrollment changes and contract terminations; (v) pricing adjustments upon contract renewals (and price competition in general); (vi) the timing of acquisitions; (vii) changes in estimates regarding medical costs and IBNR; (viii) the timing of recognition of pharmacy revenues, including rebates; and (ix) changes in the estimates of contingent consideration.

A portion of the Company’s business is subject to rising care costs due to an increase in the number and frequency of covered members seeking healthcare services and higher costs of such services. Many of these factors are beyond the Company’s control. Future results of operations will be heavily dependent on management’s ability to obtain customer rate increases that are consistent with care cost increases and/or to reduce operating expenses.

Interest Rate Risk. Changes in interest rates affect interest income earned on the Company’s cash equivalents and investments, as well as interest expense on the variable interest rate borrowings under the 2017 Credit Agreement. In addition, interest rates on the Notes are subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain credit rating events. Based on the amount of cash equivalents and investments, the borrowing levels under the 2017 Credit Agreement and the principal amount of the Notes as of September 30, 2021, a hypothetical 10 percent increase or decrease in the interest rate associated with these instruments, with all other variables held constant, would not materially affect the Company’s future earnings and cash outflows.

Historical—Liquidity and Capital Resources

Operating Activities. The Company reported net cash provided by operating activities of $232.0 million and net cash used in operating activities of $60.1 million for the Prior Year Period and the Current Year Period, respectively. The $171.9 million decrease in operating cash flows from the Prior Year Period is mainly attributable to segment profit of $144.0 million from discontinued operations in the Prior Year Period, increased tax payments and unfavorable working capital changes between periods.

The net unfavorable impact of working capital changes between periods totaled $22.7 million. For the Prior Year Period, operating cash flows were impacted by net favorable working capital changes of $17.0 million, mainly attributable to the timing of receivable and payables. For the Current Year Period, operating cash flows were impacted by net unfavorable working capital changes of $5.7 million, mainly attributable to the timing of receivables and payables.

In relation to continuing operations, the Company reported net cash provided by operating activities of $54.2 million and $60.1 million for the Prior Year Period and Current Year Period, respectively. The change is mainly due to timing of accounts receivable and other working capital changes, partially offset by higher tax payments.

Investing Activities. The Company utilized $56.0 million and $48.0 million during the Prior Year Period and the Current Year Period, respectively, for capital expenditures. The additions related to hard assets (equipment, furniture, and leaseholds) and capitalized software for the Prior Year Period were $15.4 million and $40.6 million, respectively, as compared to additions for the Current Year Period related to hard assets and capitalized software of $12.4 million and $35.6 million, respectively.

During the Prior Year Period and the Current Year Period, the Company used $160.3 million and $14.3 million for the net purchase of "available-for-sale" securities. During the Prior Year Period and the Current Year Period, the Company used net cash of $2.1 million and $2.4 million for investments in other non-consolidated subsidiaries.

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Financing Activities. During the Prior Year Period, the Company received $80.0 million from borrowings under our revolving line of credit, $48.3 million from the exercise of stock options and other net favorable items of $0.9 million. In addition, the Company paid $122.0 million under debt obligations and $4.1 million for payments on finance lease obligations.

During the Current Year Period, the Company paid $113.1 million on debt obligations and $4.6 million on finance lease obligations and had other net unfavorable items of $1.4 million. In addition the Company received $17.7 million from the exercise of stock options.

Outlook—Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity. The Company may draw on the 2017 Credit Agreement (discussed further below) as required to meet working capital needs associated with the timing of receivables and payables, fund share repurchases or support acquisition activities. The Company currently expects to have adequate liquidity to satisfy its existing financial commitments over the periods in which they will become due. At September 30, 2021, the Company had no revolving loans with a borrowing capacity of $400.0 million of the revolving credit facility still available to the Company for additional drawdown. The Company plans to maintain its current investment strategy of investing in a diversified, high quality, liquid portfolio of investments and continues to closely monitor the financial markets. The Company estimates that it has no risk of any material permanent loss on its investment portfolio; however, there can be no assurance the Company will not experience any such losses in the future.

Stock Repurchases. The Company’s board of directors approved, and subsequently amended, a stock repurchase plan which authorizes the Company to purchase up to $400 million of its outstanding common stock through November 15, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, the remaining capacity under the Repurchase Program was $186.3 million. See Part II, Item 2—“Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” for more information on the Company’s share repurchase program.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had no material off-balance sheet arrangements.

Credit Agreement. On September 22, 2017, the Company entered into the 2017 Credit Agreement with various lenders that provides for a $400.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility and a $350.0 million senior unsecured term loan facility to the Company, as the borrower. On August 13, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the 2017 Credit Agreement, which extended the maturity date by one year. On February 27, 2019, the Company entered into a second amendment to the 2017 Credit Agreement, which amended the total leverage ratio covenant, and which was necessary in order for the Company to remain in compliance with the terms of the 2017 Credit Agreement. The 2017 Credit Agreement is scheduled to mature on September 22, 2023. See Note A—“General” for more information on the 2017 Credit Agreement.

Restrictive Covenants in Debt Agreements. The 2017 Credit Agreement contains covenants that potentially limit management’s discretion in operating the Company’s business by, in certain circumstances, restricting or limiting the Company’s ability, among other things, to:

●

incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue preferred or redeemable stock;

●

pay dividends and make other distributions;

●

repurchase equity interests;

●

make certain advances, investments and loans;

●

enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

create liens;

●

sell and otherwise dispose of assets;

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acquire or merge or consolidate with another company; and

●

enter into some types of transactions with affiliates.

These restrictions could adversely affect the Company’s ability to finance future operations or capital needs or engage in other business activities that may be in the Company’s interest.

The 2017 Credit Agreement also requires the Company to comply with specified financial ratios and tests. Failure to do so, unless waived by the lenders under the 2017 Credit Agreement pursuant to its terms, or amended, would result in an event of default under the 2017 Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all covenants, including financial covenants, under the 2017 Credit Agreement.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates of the Company can include, among other things, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, medical claims payable, other medical liabilities, stock compensation assumptions, tax contingencies and legal liabilities. In addition, the Company also makes estimates in relation to revenue recognition under ASC 606 which are explained in more detail in Note A—“General – Revenue Recognition.” Actual results could differ from those estimates. Except as noted above, the Company’s critical accounting policies are summarized in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Although the Company believes that its plans, intentions and expectations as reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurance that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Existing and prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements. Important factors currently known to management that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include:

●

the Company’s inability to renegotiate or extend expiring customer contracts, or the termination of customer contracts;

●

changes in business practices of the industry, including the possibility that certain of the Company’s managed care customers could seek to provide managed healthcare services directly to their subscribers, instead of contracting with the Company for such services, particularly as a result of further consolidation in the managed care industry and especially regarding managed healthcare customers that have already done so with a portion of their membership;

●

the impact of changes in the contracting model for Medicaid contracts, including certain changes in the contracting model used by states for managed healthcare services contracts relating to Medicaid lives;

●

the Company’s ability to accurately predict and control healthcare costs, and to properly price the Company’s services;

●

the Company’s ability to accurately underwrite and control healthcare costs associated with its expansion into clinically integrated management of special populations eligible for Medicaid and Medicare, including individuals with serious mental illness and other unique high-cost populations;

●

the Company’s ability to maintain or secure cost-effective healthcare provider contracts;

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●

the Company’s ability to maintain relationships with key pharmacy providers, vendors and manufacturers;

●

the Company’s dependence on government spending for managed healthcare, including changes in federal, state and local healthcare policies;

●

restrictive covenants in the Company’s debt instruments;

●

present or future state regulations and contractual requirements that the Company provide financial assurance of its ability to meet its obligations;

●

the impact of the competitive environment in the managed healthcare services industry which may limit the Company’s ability to maintain or obtain contracts, as well as its ability to maintain or increase its rates;

●

the Mental Health and Substance Abuse Benefit Parity Law and Regulations;

●

government regulation;

●

proposed changes to current Federal law and regulations;

●

noncompliance with regulations;

●

the Company’s participation in Medicare Part D is subject to government regulation;

●

the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential member or other information;

●

a breach or failure in the Company’s operational security systems or infrastructure, or those of third parties with which it does business;

●

risk associated with outsourcing services and functions to third parties;

●

the possible impact of additional regulatory scrutiny and liability associated with the Company’s Pharmacy Management segment;

●

the inability to realize the value of goodwill and intangible assets;

●

pending or future actions or claims for professional liability;

●

claims brought against the Company that either exceed the scope of the Company’s liability coverage or result in denial of coverage;

●

class action suits and other legal proceedings;

●

negative publicity;

●

the impact of governmental investigations;

●

the impact of varying economic and market conditions on the Company’s investment portfolio;

●

the state of the national economy and adverse changes in economic conditions;

●

tax matters, including changes in corporate tax rates, disagreements with taxing authorities and imposition of new taxes;

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the impact of an epidemic or health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, political disruptions, acts of war or terrorism, cybersecurity attacks or other data breaches or intrusions and other extraordinary events;

●

the Company’s amended bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees;

●

the Company’s ability to attract and retain employees and manage the succession and retention of key executives; and

●

risks relating to the Company’s proposed Merger with Centene, including the ability to obtain regulatory approvals for the transaction and to satisfy other closing conditions, business uncertainties and contractual restrictions while the Merger is pending, provisions of the Merger Agreement may limit the Company’s ability to pursue alternatives to the Merger, litigation against the Company or Centene could prevent or delay the completion of the Merger, and the ability of the parties to close the transaction in the anticipated timeframe.

Further discussion of factors currently known to management that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements is set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Magellan’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and in Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “estimate,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “believe,” “should,” and similar expressions are intended to be forward-looking statements. Magellan undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results over time, except as required by law.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

Changes in interest rates affect interest income earned on the Company’s cash equivalents and investments, as well as interest expense on the variable interest rate borrowings under the 2017 Credit Agreement. In addition, interest rates on the Notes is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain credit rating events. Based on the amount of cash equivalents and investments, the borrowing levels under the 2017 Credit Agreement and the principal amount of the Notes as of September 30, 2021, a hypothetical 10 percent increase or decrease in the interest rate associated with these instruments, with all other variables held constant, would not materially affect the Company’s future earnings and cash outflows.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

a)The Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of September 30, 2021. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2021.

b)Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, the Company has determined that there has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the Company’s quarter ended September 30, 2021 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the risk factors as disclosed in Part I—Item 1A—“Risk Factors” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The Company’s board of directors approved, and subsequently amended, a stock repurchase plan which authorizes the Company to purchase up to $400 million of its outstanding common stock through November 15, 2021. The Company made no repurchases during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2021, the Company had approximately $186.3 million remaining available for future repurchases under the current plan. The Company made no share repurchases from October 1, 2021 through October 31, 2021.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

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Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

See Exhibit Index.

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Exhibit Index


Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibit
31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished).
32.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished).
101		The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL): (i) the cover page, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) related notes.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Date: November 5, 2021	Magellan Health, Inc. (Registrant)

	By:	/s/ David P. Bourdon
		David P. Bourdon
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)