EX-3.1 2 ex3w1-11092010.htm EXHIBIT 3.1 ex3w1-11092010.htm
Exhibit 3.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
 
OF
 
BRISTOW GROUP INC.
 
As of November 4, 2010
 
ARTICLE 1
STOCKHOLDERS
 
1.1 Place of Meeting; Postponement.  All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such place within or without the State of Delaware as may be specified in the notice of the meeting or in the waiver of notice thereof.  The Board of Directors may, at any time prior to the holding of a meeting of stockholders, postpone such meeting to such time and place as is specified in the notice of postponement of such meeting, which notice shall be given in accordance with Section 1.5 hereof at least ten days before the date to which the meeting is postponed.
 
1.2 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of other business shall be held at such time and on such date as may be determined by the Board of Directors, by resolution, and designated in the notice of meeting.
 
1.3 Special Meetings.  Special meetings of stockholders, other than the annual meeting for the election of directors, may be called at any time by the President or by resolution of the directors.
 
1.4 Fixing Record Date.  For the purpose of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date for any such determination of stockholders.  Such record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted and shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of any meeting of stockholders, nor more than sixty days prior to the time for such other action as hereinbefore described; provided, however, that if no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held, and, for determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of rights or to exercise any rights of change, conversion or exchange of stock or for any other purpose, the record date shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts a resolution relating thereto.
 
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment thereof, unless the directors fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
 
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which date shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors.  Any stockholder of record seeking to have the stockholders authorize or take corporate action by written consent shall, by written notice to the Secretary of the Corporation, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date.  The Board of Directors shall promptly, but in all events within ten (10) days after the date on which such a request is received by the Secretary, adopt a resolution fixing the record date.  If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors within ten (10) days of the date on which such a request is received, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or any officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded.  Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.  If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by applicable law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
 
 
 
 
 
1.5 Notice of Meetings of Stockholders.  Except as otherwise provided in Sections 1.4 and 1.6 of the Bylaws, whenever under the General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, written notice shall be given stating the place, date and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called.  A copy of the notice of any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail, not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to notice of or to vote at such meeting.  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, with postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation.  An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or of the transfer agent of the Corporation that the notice required by this Section has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be  prima facie  evidence of the facts stated therein.  When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, and at the adjourned meeting any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.  If, however, the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
 
1.6 Waivers of Notice.  Whenever notice is required to be given to any stockholder under any provision of the General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the stockholder entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.  Attendance of a stockholder at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice.
 
1.7 List of Stockholders.  The Secretary shall prepare and make, or cause to be prepared and made, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.  Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held.  The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
 
1.8 Quorum; Adjournment; Conduct of Business.  The holders of a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at such meeting.  When a quorum is once present to organize a meeting of stockholders, it is not broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any stockholders.  The holders of a majority of the shares of stock present in person or represented by proxy at any meeting of stockholders, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn such meeting to another time and place.  In addition, any meeting of the stockholders may be adjourned at any time by the Chairman of the Board or such other person who shall be lawfully acting as chairman of such meeting of stockholders if such adjournment is deemed to be a reasonable course of action under the circumstances by the chairman of such meeting.
 
The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of discussion as seem to him or her in order.  The date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at the meeting shall be announced at the meeting.
 
 
 
 
 
1.9 Voting; Proxies.  Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, every stockholder of record shall be entitled at every meeting of stockholders to one vote for each share of capital stock standing in his name on the record of stockholders determined in accordance with Section 1.4 of the Bylaws.  If the Certificate of Incorporation provides for more or less than one vote for any share, on any matter, every reference in the Bylaws or the General Corporation Law to a majority or other proportion of stock shall refer to such majority or other proportion of the votes of such stock.  The provisions of Sections 212 and 217 of the General Corporation Law shall apply in determining whether any shares of capital stock may be voted and the persons, if any, entitled to vote such shares; but the Corporation shall be protected in treating the persons in whose names shares of capital stock stand on the record of stockholders as owners thereof for all purposes.  At all meetings of stockholders for the election of directors, a plurality of the votes cast by holders of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting entitled to vote on the election of directors at the meeting shall be sufficient to elect.  In the case of a matter submitted for action by the stockholders at the direction of the Board of Directors as to which a stockholder approval requirement is applicable under a rule or policy of a national stock exchange or quotation system or any provision of the Internal Revenue Code or under Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), in each case for which no higher voting requirement is specified by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the vote required for approval shall be the requisite vote specified in such rule or policy or Internal Revenue Code provision or Rule 16b-3, as the case may be (or the highest such requirement if more than one is applicable).  Except as provided in the foregoing sentence, unless otherwise required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, for approval or ratification of any matter approved and recommended by the Board of Directors, including, without limitation, the appointment of an independent registered public accounting firm (if submitted for a vote at the direction of the Board of Directors), the vote required for approval or ratification shall be a majority of the votes cast on the matter, voted for or against.  In voting on any question on which a vote by ballot is required by law or is demanded by any stockholder entitled to vote, the voting shall be by ballot.  Each ballot shall be signed by the stockholder voting or by his proxy, and shall state the number of shares voted.  On all other questions, the voting may be  viva voce.  Every stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy.  The validity and enforceability of any proxy shall be determined in accordance with Section 212 of the General Corporation Law.
 
1.10 Certain Matters Relating to Consent of Stockholders in Lieu of Meeting.  Consents of stockholders in lieu of a meeting of stockholders may be revoked by written notice (a) to the Corporation, (b) to the stockholder or stockholders soliciting consents or soliciting revocations in opposition to action by consent (the “Soliciting Stockholders”), or (c) to a proxy solicitor or other agent designated by the Corporation or the Soliciting Stockholders.
 
Within ten (10) business days after receipt of the earliest dated consent delivered to the Corporation in the manner provided in Section 228(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law or the determination by the Board of Directors of the Corporation that the Corporation should seek corporate action by written consent, as the case may be, the Secretary of the Corporation shall engage nationally recognized independent inspectors of elections for the purpose of performing a ministerial review of the validity of the consents and revocations.  The cost of retaining inspectors of election shall be borne by the Corporation.
 
Following appointment of the inspectors, consents and revocations shall be delivered to the inspectors upon receipt by the Corporation, the Soliciting Stockholders or their proxy solicitors or other designated agents.  As soon as practicable following the earlier of (a) the receipt by the inspectors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Corporation, of any written demand by the Soliciting Stockholders, or (b) sixty (60) days after the date of the earliest dated consent delivered to the Corporation in the manner provided in Section 228(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the inspectors shall issue a preliminary report to the Corporation and the Soliciting Stockholders stating the number of valid and unrevoked consents and whether, based on their preliminary count, the requisite number of valid and unrevoked consents has been obtained to authorize or take the action specified in the consents.
 
 
 
 
 
Unless the Corporation and the Soliciting Stockholders shall agree to a shorter or longer period, the Corporation and the Soliciting Stockholders shall have 48 hours to review the consents and revocations and to advise the inspectors and the opposing party in writing as to whether they intend to challenge the preliminary report of the inspectors.  If no written notice of an intention to challenge the preliminary report is received within 48 hours after the inspectors’ issuance of the preliminary report, the inspectors shall issue to the Corporation and the Soliciting Stockholders their final report containing the information from the inspectors’ determination with respect to whether the requisite number of valid and unrevoked consents was obtained to authorize and take the action specified in the consents.  If the Corporation or the Soliciting Stockholders issue written notice of an intention to challenge the inspectors’ preliminary report within 48 hours after the issuance of that report, a challenge session shall be scheduled by the inspectors as promptly as practicable.  Following completion of the challenge session, the inspectors shall as promptly as practicable issue their final report to the Soliciting Stockholders and the Corporation, which report shall contain the information included in the preliminary report, plus any change in the vote total as a result of the challenge and a certification of whether the requisite number of valid and unrevoked consents was obtained to authorize or take the action specified in the consents.
 
1.11 Order of Business
 
(A) Annual Meetings of Stockholders.  At any annual meeting of the stockholders, only such nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors shall be made, and only such other business shall be conducted or considered, as shall have been properly brought before the meeting.  For nominations to be properly made at an annual meeting, and proposals of other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting, nominations and proposals of other business must be (a) specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly made at the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (c) otherwise properly requested to be brought before the annual meeting by a stockholder of the Corporation in accordance with these Bylaws.  For nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors or proposals of other business to be properly requested by a stockholder to be made at an annual meeting, a stockholder must (i) be a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of such annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors and at the time of the annual meeting, (ii) be entitled to vote at such annual meeting and (iii) comply with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws as to such business or nomination.  The immediately preceding sentence shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or other business proposals before an annual meeting of stockholders.
 
(B) Special Meetings of Stockholders.  At any special meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted or considered, as shall have been properly brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting.  To be properly brought before a special meeting, proposals of business must be (a) specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) otherwise properly brought before the special meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors.  Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who (i) is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of such special meeting and at the time of the special meeting, (ii) is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (iii) complies with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws as to such nomination.  The immediately preceding sentence shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations before a special meeting of stockholders.
 
(C) General.  Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with these Bylaws and, if any proposed nomination or other business is not in compliance with these Bylaws, to declare that no action shall be taken on such nomination or other proposal and such nomination or other proposal shall be disregarded.
 
 
 
 
 
1.12 Advance Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations
 
(A) Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  Without qualification or limitation, subject to Section 1.12(C)(4) of these Bylaws, for any nominations or any other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 1.11(A) of these Bylaws, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof (including, in the case of nominations, the completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 1.13 of these Bylaws) and timely updates and supplements thereof in writing to the Secretary and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action.
 
To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day and not later than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to the date of such annual meeting or, if the first public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is less than 100 days prior to the date of such annual meeting, the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation.  In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting, or the public announcement thereof, commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
 
Notwithstanding anything in the immediately preceding paragraph to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased by the Board of Directors, and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors at least 100 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1.12(A) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
 
(B) Special Meetings of Stockholders.  Without qualification or limitation, subject to Section 1.12(C)(4) of these Bylaws, in the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any stockholder may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) to be elected as specified in the Corporation’s notice calling the meeting, provided that the stockholder gives timely notice thereof (including the completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 1.13 of these Bylaws) and timely updates and supplements thereof in writing to the Secretary.
 
To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to the date of such special meeting or, if the first public announcement of the date of such special meeting is less than 100 days prior to the date of such special meeting, the 10th day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting.  In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of a special meeting, or the public announcement thereof, commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
 
 
 
 
(C) Other Provisions.
 
(1) To be in proper form, a stockholder’s notice (whether given pursuant to Section 1.11(A) or 1.11 (B) of these Bylaws) to the Secretary must include the following, as applicable.
 
(a) As to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, a stockholder’s notice must set forth: (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of such beneficial owner, if any, and of their respective affiliates or associates or others acting in concert therewith, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder, such beneficial owner and their respective affiliates or associates or others acting in concert therewith (each, a “Covered Person”), (B) any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the price, value or volatility of any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or any derivative or synthetic arrangement having the characteristics of a long position in any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or any contract, derivative, swap or other transaction or series of transactions designed to produce economic benefits and risks that correspond substantially to the ownership of any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, including due to the fact that the value of such contract, derivative, swap or other transaction or series of transactions is determined by reference to the price, value or volatility of any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument, contract or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, through the delivery of cash or other property, or otherwise, and without regard of whether the stockholder of record, the beneficial owner, if any, or any affiliates or associates or others acting in concert therewith, may have entered into transactions that hedge or mitigate the economic effect of such instrument, contract or right or any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation (any of the foregoing, a “Derivative Instrument”) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by such Covered Person, (C) any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such Covered Person has a right to vote any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation, (D) any agreement, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, including any repurchase or similar so-called “stock borrowing” agreement or arrangement, engaged in, directly or indirectly, by such Covered Person, the purpose or effect of which is to mitigate loss to, reduce the economic risk (of ownership or otherwise) of any class or series of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation by, manage the risk of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Covered Person with respect to any class or series of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or which provides, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the price or value of any class or series of shares of capital stock of the Corporation (any of the foregoing, “Short Interests”), (E) any rights to dividends on the shares of capital stock of the Corporation owned beneficially by such Covered Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of capital stock of the Corporation, (F) any proportionate interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such Covered Person is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner of such general or limited partnership, (G) any performance related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that such Covered Person is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of capital stock of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, including without limitation any such interests held by members of the immediate family of such Covered Person sharing the same household, (H) any significant equity interests or any Derivative Instruments or Short Interests in any principal competitor of the Corporation held by such Covered Person, and (I) any direct or indirect interest of such Covered Person in any contract with the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any principal competitor of the Corporation (including, in any such case, any employment agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement), and (iii) any other information relating to such Covered Person, if any, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement and form of proxy or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;
 
 
 
 
 
(b) If the notice relates to any business other than a nomination of a director or directors that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a stockholder’s notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (a) above, also set forth: (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest of such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, in such business, (ii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration), and (iii) a description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such Covered Person and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder;
 
(c) As to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, a stockholder’s notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (a) above, also set forth: (i) all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected) and (ii) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such stockholder giving the notice and beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Rule 404 promulgated under Regulation S-K if such stockholder and such beneficial owner, or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant; and
 
(d) With respect to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, a stockholder’s notice must, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraphs (a) and (c) above, also include a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 1.13 of these Bylaws.  The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee.
 
(2) For purposes of these Bylaws, “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of these Bylaws, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in these Bylaws; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any business to be considered pursuant to Section 1.11 of these Bylaws.
 
(4) Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights (i) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, (ii) of stockholders to request inclusion of nominees in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-11 under the Exchange Act or (iii) of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock if and to the extent provided for under law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.  Subject to Rule 14a-8 and Rule 14a-11 under the Exchange Act, nothing in these Bylaws shall be construed to permit any stockholder, or give any stockholder the right, to include or have disseminated or described in the Corporation’s proxy statement any nomination of director or directors or any other business proposal.
 
 
 
 
 
(D) In addition to the requirements of Section 1.12(A) and 1.12(B) of these Bylaws, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall further be updated and supplemented, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for the meeting in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date, and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting, any adjournment or postponement thereof in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.
 
1.13 Submission of Questionnaire, Representation and Agreement.  To be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation (or, in the case of a nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-11 of the Exchange Act, to serve as a director of the Corporation), a person must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section 1.12 of these Bylaws or, in the case of a included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-11 of the Exchange Act, prior to the time such person is to begin service as a director) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request), and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request) that such person (A) is not and will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein, and (C) in such person’s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with Section 2.3 and Section 2.16 of these Bylaws and all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation publicly disclosed from time to time.
 
ARTICLE 2
 
DIRECTORS
 
2.1 General Powers.  Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board.  The Board may adopt such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws or applicable laws, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the Corporation.  In addition to the powers expressly conferred by the Bylaws, the Board may exercise all powers and perform all acts which are not required, by the Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, to be exercised and performed by the stockholders.
 
2.2 Number; Qualification; Term of Office.  The Board shall consist of not less than three nor more than fifteen directors.  The exact number of directors shall be determined from time to time by action of the Board.  Directors need not be stockholders.  Each director shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.
 
 
 
 
 
2.3 Restriction on Nationality.  At least two-thirds of the Board of Directors shall be citizens of the United States within the meaning of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (“U.S. Citizen”).  A person that is not a U.S. Citizen shall not be eligible for nomination or election as a Director of the Corporation if such person’s election, together with the election of any incumbent Directors that are not U.S. Citizens and are candidates for election as a Directors at the same time, would result in less than two-thirds of the Corporation’s Directors being U.S. Citizens.
 
2.4 Election.  Directors shall, except as otherwise required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders by the holders of shares entitled to vote in the election.
 
2.5 Newly-Created Directorships and Vacancies.  Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, newly-created directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors and vacancies occurring in the Board for any other reason, including the removal of directors without cause, may be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, or may be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of shares of capital stock entitled to vote in the election at a special meeting of stockholders called for that purpose.  A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected to hold office until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.
 
2.6 Resignations.  Any director may resign at any time by written notice to the Corporation.  Such resignation shall take effect on receipt thereof by the President or Secretary, or on any later date, not more than thirty days after such receipt, specified therein, and, unless otherwise specified, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
 
2.7 Removal of Directors.  Subject to the provisions of Section 141(k) of the General Corporation Law, any or all of the directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors.
 
2.8 Compensation.  Each director, in consideration of his service as such, shall be entitled to receive from the Corporation such amount per annum or such fees for attendance at directors’ meetings, or both, as the Board may from time to time determine, together with reimbursement for the reasonable expenses incurred by him in connection with the performance of his duties.  Each director who shall serve as a member of any committee of directors in consideration of his serving as such shall be entitled to such additional amount per annum or such fees for attendance at committee meetings, or both, as the Board may from time to time determine, together with reimbursement for the reasonable expenses incurred by him in the performance of his duties.  Nothing contained in this section shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation or its subsidiaries in any other capacity and receiving proper compensation therefor.
 
2.9 Annual Meetings.  On the day when and at the place where the annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors is held, and as soon as practicable thereafter, the Board of Directors shall hold its annual meeting, without notice of such meeting, for the purposes of organization, the election of officers and the transaction of other business, unless the Board of Directors shall have given notice in the manner provided in Section 2.11 of the Bylaws that such meeting shall be held at another time and place specified therein.
 
2.10 Regular Meetings.  Regular meetings of the Board may be held at such times and places as may be fixed from time to time by the Board.  Unless otherwise required by the Board, regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice.  If any day fixed for a regular meeting of the Board shall be a Saturday or Sunday or a legal holiday at the place where such meeting is to be held, then such meeting shall be held at the same hour at the same place on the first business day thereafter which is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday.
 
 
 
 
 
2.11 Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time by the Board by vote at a meeting, or by the President, or by a notice in writing signed by a majority of the Board.  Notice of each special meeting of the Board shall be given to each director (a) by mail, at the address designated by him for that purpose or, if none is designated, at his last known address, at least two days before the date on which the meeting is to be held, or (b) at such address by telecopier, telex, telegraph, cable or wireless, or by telephone and confirmed by letter or other writing to such address, or by personal delivery, not later than the day before the date on which the meeting is to be held.  Every such notice shall state the time and place of the meeting but need not state the purposes of the meeting, except to the extent required by law.  If mailed, each notice shall be deemed given when deposited, with postage thereon prepaid, in a post office or official depository of the United States Postal Service.  Such mailing shall be by first class mail.
 
2.12 Adjourned Meetings.  A majority of the directors present at a meeting of the Board, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn such meeting to another time and place.  Notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board need not be given to any director whether or not present at the time of the adjournment.  Any business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
 
2.13 Waiver of Notice.  Whenever notice is required to be given to any director or member of a committee of directors under any provision of the General Corporation Law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.  Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the directors, or members of a committee of directors, need be specified in any written waiver of notice.
 
2.14 Quorum of Directors.  A majority of the total number of directors in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board.
 
2.15 Action by the Board.  All corporate action taken by the Board or any committee thereof shall be taken at a meeting of the Board, or of such committee, as the case may be, except that any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee.  Members of the Board, or any committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 2.15 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.  Except as otherwise provided in the General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the vote of a majority of the directors present (including those who participate by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment) at any meeting at which a quorum is present, shall be the act of the Board.  If a quorum be present, the directors present may continue to act by vote of a majority of a quorum until adjournment, notwithstanding the subsequent withdrawal of enough directors to leave less than a quorum or the refusal of any directors present to vote.
 
2.16 Director Tenure.  No person shall be eligible for nomination or election as a director who shall have attained the age of 70 years.
 
2.17 Corporate Governance Guidelines.  The Board shall adopt and, from time to time, review and, in its discretion, amend guidelines for corporate governance.
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE 3
 
COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
 
3.1 General.  The Board may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, with such lawfully delegable powers and duties as it thereby confers, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.  The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.  In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.  Any committee so designated may exercise the power and authority of the Board to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock, or to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law if the resolution designating such committee, or a supplemental resolution, expressly so provides.
 
3.2 Standing Committees.  Until otherwise provided by the Board, the following committees are designated as standing committees of the Board: Executive and Corporate Governance Committee, Audit Committee, Compensation Committee (which, if composed solely of non-employee directors within the meaning of Rule 16b-3(b)(3) under the Exchange Act (“Non-Employee Directors”), shall also act as the Long-Term Incentive Plan Committee), Nominating Committee and, if the Compensation Committee is not composed solely of Non-Employee Directors, Long-Term Incentive Plan Committee.
 
3.3 Duties of Standing Committees.  The duties of each of the Standing Committees shall be specified in the respective charter of such committee, which charters shall be approved by the Board.
 
ARTICLE 4
 
OFFICERS
 
4.1 Officers.  The Board shall elect a Chairman, President, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and may elect or appoint one or more Vice Presidents and such other officers as it may determine.  The Board may designate one or more Vice Presidents as Executive Vice Presidents, and may use descriptive words or phrases to designate the standing, seniority or area of special competence of the Vice Presidents elected or appointed by it.  Each officer shall hold his office until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal in the manner provided in Section 4.2 of the Bylaws.  Any two or more offices may be held by the same person, and none of the officers need be a director.  The Board may require any officer to give a bond or other security of the faithful performance of his duties, in such amount and with such sureties as the Board may determine.  All officers shall have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the Corporation as may be provided in the Bylaws or as the Board may from time to time determine.
 
4.2 Removal of Officers.  Any officer elected or appointed by the Board may be removed by the Board with or without cause.  The removal of an officer without cause shall be without prejudice to his contract rights, if any.  The election or appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights.
 
4.3 Resignations.  Any officer may resign at any time by so notifying the Board or the President or the Secretary in writing.  Such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice or at such later time as is therein specified, and, unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.  The resignation of an officer shall be without prejudice to the contract rights of the Corporation, if any.
 
4.4 Vacancies.  A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws for the regular election or appointment to such office.
 
4.5 Compensation.  Salaries or other compensation of the officers may be fixed from time to time by the Board.  No officer shall be prevented from receiving a salary or other compensation by reason of the fact that he is also a director.
 
 
 
 
 
4.6 Chairman.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside at all meetings of the directors and stockholders and have the general powers and duties of supervision and management usually vested in the office of chairman of the board of directors of a corporation.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall endeavor to ensure that materials with respect to matters to be considered at Board meetings are, to the extent practicable, distributed to each director sufficiently in advance of such Board meeting so as to allow for full and complete preparation by each director.  The Board may combine the office of Chairman of the Board with that of Chief Executive Officer or other office of the Corporation.
 
4.7 President.  The President shall, if so designated by the Board, be the chief executive and operating officer of the Corporation and shall have general supervision over the business of the Corporation, subject, however, to the control of the Board and of any duly authorized committee of directors.  The President shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board in the absence of the Chairman of the Board of Directors.  He, or the Chairman, may, with the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.  He, or the Chairman, may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts and other instruments, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by the Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed; and, in general, he shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board.
 
4.8 Vice Presidents.  Each Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to him by the Board, the Chairman or the President.
 
4.9 Secretary.  The Secretary, if present, shall act as secretary of all meetings of the directors and stockholders, and shall keep the minutes thereof in the proper book or books to be provided for that purpose; he shall see that all notices required to be given by the Corporation are duly given and served; he may, with the Chairman or President or a Vice President, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; he shall be custodian of the seal of the Corporation and may affix such seal, or a facsimile thereof, to all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation and all documents, the execution of which on behalf of the Corporation under its corporate seal is authorized in accordance with the provisions of the Bylaws; he shall, subject to his right to delegate such duty to a duly appointed transfer agent, have charge of the stock ledger and he also shall have charge of the other books, records and papers of the Corporation relating to its organization and management as a corporation, and shall see that the reports, statements and other documents required by law are properly kept and filed; and shall, in general, perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or by the President.
 
4.10 Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have charge and custody of, and be responsible for, all funds, securities and notes of the Corporation, receive and give receipts for moneys due and payable to the Corporation from any sources whatsoever; deposit all such moneys in the name of the Corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with these Bylaws; against proper vouchers, cause such funds to be disbursed by checks or drafts on the authorized depositories of the Corporation signed in such manner as shall be determined in accordance with any provisions of the Bylaws, and be responsible for the accuracy of the amounts of all moneys so disbursed; regularly enter or cause to be entered in books to be kept by him or under his direction full and adequate account of all moneys received or paid by him for the account of the Corporation; have the right to require, from time to time, reports or statements giving such information as he may desire with respect to any and all financial transactions of the Corporation from the officers or agents transacting the same; render to the President or the Board, whenever the Chairman, the President or the Board, respectively, shall require him so to do, an account of the financial condition of the Corporation and of all his transactions as Treasurer; exhibit at all reasonable times his books of account and other records to any of the directors upon application at the office of the Corporation where such books and records are kept; and, in general, perform all the duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board, the Chairman or by the President; and he may sign with the Chairman or the President or a Vice President certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
 
 
 
 
 
4.11 Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers.  Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the Secretary or by the Treasurer, respectively, or by the Board, the Chairman or the President.  Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers may, with the Chairman, the President or a Vice President, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
 
4.12 Restriction on Nationality.  No person who is not a U.S.  citizen shall serve as President or chief executive officer of the Corporation or as Chairman of its Board of Directors.
 
ARTICLE 5
 
STOCK AND DIVIDENDS
 
5.1 Shares of Stock.  The shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by a certificate, unless and until the Board of Directors of the Corporation adopts a resolution permitting shares to be uncertificated.  Notwithstanding the adoption of any such resolution providing for uncertificated shares, every holder of capital stock of the Corporation theretofore represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate for shares of capital stock of the Corporation signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, (a) the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President, and (b) the Chief Financial Officer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by such stockholder in the Corporation.  The signatures of the officers upon a certificate may be facsimiles, if the certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent or registrar other than the Corporation itself or its employee.  In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon any certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may, unless otherwise ordered by the Board, be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
 
5.2 Transfer of Shares.  Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable law and in these Bylaws.  Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, and in the case of certificated shares of stock, only by the person named in the certificate or by such person’s duly authorized attorney appointed by a power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary or transfer agent of the Corporation and upon the surrender of the certificate or certificates representing such shares of capital stock therefore, properly endorsed for transfer and payment of all necessary transfer taxes; or, in the case of uncertificated shares of stock, upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by such person’s attorney lawfully constituted in writing, and upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes and compliance with appropriate procedures for transferring shares in uncertificated form; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement, compliance or payment of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the Corporation shall determine to waive such requirement.  Every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked “Canceled”, with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the transfer agent of the Corporation.  A person in whose name shares of capital stock shall stand on the books of the Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof for the purpose of determining the persons entitled to receive dividends, to vote as such owner and for all other purposes.  No transfer of shares of capital stock shall be valid as against the Corporation, its stockholders and creditors for any purpose until such transfer shall have been entered on the books of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.
 
5.3 Transfer and Registry Agents.  The Corporation may from time to time maintain one or more transfer officers or agents and registry officers or agents at such place or places as may be determined from time to time by the Board.
 
 
 
 
 
5.4 Lost, Destroyed, Stolen and Mutilated Certificates.  The holder of any certificated shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall immediately notify the Corporation of any loss, destruction, theft or mutilation of the certificate representing such shares, and the Corporation may issue a new certificate to replace the certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated.  The Board may, in its discretion, as a condition to the issue of any such new certificate, require the owner of the lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated certificate, or his legal representatives, to make proof satisfactory to the Board of such loss, destruction, theft or mutilation and to advertise such fact in such manner as the Board may require, and to give the Corporation and its transfer agents and registrars, or such of them as the Board may require, a bond in such form, in such sums and with such surety or sureties as the Board may direct, to indemnify the Corporation and its transfer agents and registrars against any claim that may be made against any of them on account of the continued existence of any such certificate so alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated and against any expense in connection with such claim.
 
5.5 Regulations.  The Board may make such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient, not inconsistent with the Bylaws or with the Certificate of Incorporation, concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates representing shares of its capital stock.
 
ARTICLE 6
 
INDEMNIFICATION
 
6.1 Indemnification of Directors and Officers.  The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or an officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or an officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, to the fullest extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by the General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time in effect.  Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which such director or officer may be entitled apart from the foregoing provisions.  The foregoing provisions of this Section 6.1 shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each director and officer who serves in such capacity at any time while this Article 6 and the relevant provisions of the General Corporation Law and other applicable law, if any, are in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof shall not adversely affect any rights or obligations then existing with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore existing or any action, suit or proceeding theretofore or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts.
 
6.2 Advancement of Expenses of Directors and Officers.  The right to indemnification conferred in Section 6.1 above shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any proceeding for which such right to indemnification is applicable in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that, if the General Corporation Law requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by a director or an officer shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such director or officer, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal that such director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Article or otherwise.
 
 
 
 
 
6.3 Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit.  If a claim under Section 6.1 or 6.2 is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for advancement of expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be twenty days, the indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim.  If successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the indemnitee shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit.  In (i) any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses), it shall be a defense that, and (ii) any suit by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the General Corporation.  Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the indemnitee, be a defense to such suit.  In any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Section or otherwise shall be on the Corporation.
 
6.4 Indemnification of Employees and Agents.  The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding to the fullest extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by the General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time in effect.  Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any such person may be entitled apart from the foregoing provisions.
 
6.5 Advancement of Expenses of Employees and Agents.  In addition to the indemnification provisions of Section 6.4 above, the Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, pay the expenses incurred in defending any proceeding to which such indemnification provision is applicable in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that, if the General Corporation Law requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an employee or agent shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such employee or agent, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal that such employee or agent is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Article or otherwise.
 
6.6 Insurance.  The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any expense, liability or loss incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such expense, liability or loss under the provisions of Section 6.1 or 6.4 of the Bylaws or under Section 145 of the General Corporation Law or other provision of law.
 
 
 
 
 
ARTICLE 7
 
MISCELLANEOUS
 
7.1 Seal.  The Board may adopt a corporate seal which shall be in the form of a circle and shall bear the full name of the Corporation, the year of its incorporation and the word “Delaware”.
 
7.2 Checks, Drafts, Etc.  All checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money out of the funds of the Corporation and all notes or other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation shall be signed on behalf of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board.
 
7.3 Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the Corporation begins on April 1, and may be changed by resolution of the Board.
 
7.4 Voting of Shares Held.  Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Board, the President may, from time to time, appoint one or more attorneys or agents of the Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as a stockholder or otherwise in any other corporation, any of whose shares or securities may be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of stock or other securities of such other corporation, or to consent in writing to any action by any such other corporation, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to be executed on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal, or otherwise, such written proxies, consents, waivers or other instruments as he may deem necessary or proper in the premises; or the President may himself attend any meeting of the holders of the stock or other securities of any such other corporation and thereat vote or exercise any or all other powers of the Corporation as the holder of such stock or other securities of such other corporation.
 
7.5 Books and Records.  The Corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and shall keep minutes of the proceedings of the stockholders, the Board and any committee of the Board.  The Corporation shall keep at the office designated in the Certificate of Incorporation or at the office of the transfer agent or registrar of the Corporation, if any, a record containing the names and addresses of all stockholders, the number and class of shares held by each and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof.
 
7.6 Inspection of Books and Records.  Except as otherwise provided by law, the Board shall determine from time to time whether, and, if allowed, when and under what conditions and regulations, the accounts, books, minutes and other records of the Corporation, or any of them, shall be open to the inspection of the stockholders or directors.
 
ARTICLE 8
 
AMENDMENTS
 
8.1 Amendments.  These Bylaws may be altered, amended, or repealed at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of the stockholders, provided notice of the proposed change was given in the notice of the meeting and, in the case of a meeting of the Board of Directors, in a notice given not less than two days prior to the meeting;  provided, however,  that, in the case of amendments by stockholders, notwithstanding any other provisions of these Bylaws or any provision of law which might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80 percent of the voting power of all the then outstanding shares of the voting stock, voting together as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend or repeal any provision of these Bylaws.